2020-02-08 Saturday: 6 Food

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes.
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Homework: write a postcard from a real or imagined trip using the informal features from p. 65 part 2a
		(DO NOT leave out words - this isn’t good practice at your level)
	Also: read p. 63 and do p. 62 parts 4, 5, 6 on p. 62
	(Also also: make sure you know the words in part 1 on p. 64)
p. 62 part 4
1 cruise
2 wildlife
3 trash
4 construction
5 cheap local air travel
6 climate change
part 5
1 They dump 90,000 tons of waste into the oceans every year.
2 Expeditions to clean the mountain.
3 People can take many short vacations.
4 People can travel by train or ecotourism.
part 6
1 impact
2 trash/waste
3 population
4 habitats
5 greener
6 pollute
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Tell your partner about one of the best and one of the worst meals you’ve ever eaten.
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p. 70 - read “Pizza with a pedigree”
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32010R0097  - full official EU documentation of “Pizza Napoletana”
boycott = fight against something by refusing to buy or use it
connoisseur = expert in something (usually very specific), literally “knower”
    Usually we think of connoisseurs as having refined tastes and spending a lot of effort to find the best of something.
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Which basic ingredient of Pizza Napoletana (tomatoes, cheese, flour) couldn’t have been on the pizza from 997 CE? Why?
- Tomatoes come from Mexico.
What other common food ingredients come originally from the Americas?
- tomatoes
- chocolate
- maize (corn)
- some types of plantains
- avocados
- turkey
- potatoes
- chili peppers
- vanilla
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Grammar: modals for advice and obligation
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modals: can, could, will, would, may, might, (shall), should, must, had better, ought to
	(Modals don’t change form and must be the first verb in the phrase.)
similar expressions: have to, be able to, be allowed to, be going to
	(These change with he/she/it, can be in different tenses, and don’t need to be first.)
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obligation (no choice): You must pay this bill. You have to turn in your homework.
	no obligation (yes choice): You don’t have to do your test online.

recommendation/advice (best choice): You should practice English at home.
negative recommendation (not best choice): You shouldn’t speak Spanish in class.

permission (yes choice): You may leave when you’re finished. You can park anywhere. You’re allowed to...
no permission/prohibition (no choice): You must not park there. You can’t park there. You’re not allowed to park there. You may not leave early.
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p. 71 part 5 - With a partner, choose the best modal and write a sentence with the same meaning as each food label.
1 Vegetarians can eat this.
2 People with nut allergies shouldn’t eat this.
3 You shouldn’t eat more salt than the recommended daily intake.
4 This sample is not allowed to be sold. / You are not allowed to buy/sell this sample.
5 You have to heat this thoroughly before serving.
6 Diabetics shouldn’t eat this.
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BREAK
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Food
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You have to take the level test today if you want to go to level 5, but you don’t have to take it otherwise.
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Grammar: first conditional = future real conditional

If you pass the level test, you will be in level 5 on the 22nd.
form = if + [present], [future]
If it’s raining tomorrow, I’m going to stay at home. (yes comma)
= I’m going to stay at home if it’s raining tomorrow. (no comma)
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p. 73 part 7 - Complete the sentences with the simple present or will+base form of the verbs.
1 believe, will be
2 will need, want
3 don’t buy, won’t be able
4 find, will you let (question)
5 go, will check
6 will give up, do
	(Could also say: “If you give up junk food, I will too.”)
7 don’t try, will never know
8 will you do, doesn’t work
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In your group:
1 One teenager, try to convince your parents to let you borrow the car. (Both sides make demands and promises with conditionals.)
	lend = give / borrow = take (but temporary)
2 Kids try to convince your teacher not to tell your parents about your cheating.
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The same grammar structure of first conditionals is also used with other conjunctions:
unless: You’ll fail the test unless you do your homework.
	= You’ll fail the test if you don’t do your homework.
	= You’ll probably fail the test, but doing your homework is a possible solution to this problem.

when:
	When you get home tonight, I’ll cook dinner. = You will get home tonight, and then I’ll cook.
	If you get home tonight, I’ll cook dinner. = You may get home tonight, in which case I’ll cook.

until:
	Until you start to study, you’ll keep failing tests. = You will start to study, then you’ll stop failing.
	Unless you start to study, you’ll keep failing tests. = You might start to study.

before: I’ll finish the homework before you get home.

“after” and “as soon as”:
	I’ll call you after I get back. = I’ll call you sometime after I get back. It might be a few days later.
	I’ll call you when I get back. = I’ll call you soon after I get back, whenever it’s convenient.
	I’ll call you as soon as I get back. = I’ll call you immediately, before I even take off my shoes.
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Don’t use future forms in conditional or time clauses.
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vocabulary: healthy lifestyle
p. 73 part 9 - which nouns can go with each verb?

cut down on = reduce (Do something less than before.)
cut out = remove (something that was “in” something before)
give up = quit
take up = start doing something, especially as a hobby
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Homework: 5-6 test