Old Surveillance doc

Old Surveillance doc



EXCLUSIVE: France studying the emergency purchase of Predator drones in the United States in the utmost discretion, France studying the purchase in the United States, from the manufacturer General Atomics, several MQ-9 Reaper drones, also known Predator as the B. These observation units are possibly armed with bombs and / or anti-tank missiles. They are currently used daily for combat missions over Afghanistan, the U.S. Air Force (four copies made) and the British Royal Air Force (one copy). The CIA also used for covert operations over Pakistan, and in other places. For several months, discussions are ongoing between the French military and the United States, offering a sales process from state to state (Foreign Military Sales), subject to congressional approval. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. France considering the purchase in the United States, from the manufacturer General Atomics, several drones MQ-9 Reaper, also known as Predator B. These observation units are possibly armed with bombs and / or anti-tank missiles. They are currently used daily for combat missions over Afghanistan, the U.S. Air Force (four copies made) and the British Royal Air Force (one copy). The CIA also used for covert operations over Pakistan, and in other places. For several months, discussions are ongoing between the French military and the United States, offering a sales process from state to state (Foreign Military Sales), subject to congressional approval. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. France considering the purchase in the United States, from the manufacturer General Atomics, several drones MQ-9 Reaper, also known as Predator B. These observation units are possibly armed with bombs and / or anti-tank missiles. They are currently used daily for combat missions over Afghanistan, the U.S. Air Force (four copies made) and the British Royal Air Force (one copy). The CIA also used for covert operations over Pakistan, and in other places. For several months, discussions are ongoing between the French military and the United States, offering a sales process from state to state (Foreign Military Sales), subject to congressional approval. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. They are currently used daily for combat missions over Afghanistan, the U.S. Air Force (four copies made) and the British Royal Air Force (one copy). The CIA also used for covert operations over Pakistan, and in other places. For several months, discussions are ongoing between the French military and the United States, offering a sales process from state to state (Foreign Military Sales), subject to congressional approval. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. They are currently used daily for combat missions over Afghanistan, the U.S. Air Force (four copies made) and the British Royal Air Force (one copy). The CIA also used for covert operations over Pakistan, and in other places. For several months, discussions are ongoing between the French military and the United States, offering a sales process from state to state (Foreign Military Sales), subject to congressional approval. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. Our survey of more qualified sources explains why these discussions take place and under what conditions. The first point concerns the problems of the SIDM UAV Snowy, three copies (only) were sold by EADS in the army of the French air with a ground control station, for € 100 million. All these aircraft were deployed at the U.S. base in Bagram, Afghanistan. Two of these three aircraft are now grounded. The first was virtually destroyed in flight after mishandling which reached its structure, and is currently based in Mont-de-Marsan. For six months, the repairs have not begun, because - according to our information - differences on the interpretation of the maintenance contract binding the DGA (Directorate General of Armaments), industrial EADS and Israel Aircraft Industries, designer of the machine. The second device is also prevented from flying, this time by a failure of the Austrian Rotax. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. Spare parts should arrive on site quickly. But the need is acute in a more expanded fleet. Because during this time, the French contingent only has a single plane, a third of the fleet sent to the site in early 2009. Very officer with the matter ignites "? There's a war, and we are not able to repair these devices At other times, the blame for this situation have been shot!" Perhaps, but what to do to fix the problem and keep the national observation capacity development for the benefit of French troops in Afghanistan? At this point, this is the problem ... In the current state of files, no European solution for a UAV MALE (Medium Altitude, Long Endurance) is not readily available. Simple discussions with EADS and IAI on the purchase of a fourth Snowy butt for several months on the financial claims of industrial, described as "unreasonable." Two proposals exist in 2015 or rather 2020 is that suggested by Dassault and Thales associated with IAI, which offer to France and Spain a "Europeanized" version of the Israeli Heron TP drone. The second proposal is that EADS with Talarion (formerly Advanced UAV), but the three countries (France, Germany, Spain) balk at the cost of wonder. This is why an American event has emerged. budget problem it would not be for France to abandon one of the projects currently under consideration, but to temporarily fill a "capability gap" at controlled cost. Reportedly, General Atomics proposed EADS to join this program, and discussions are under way for several months with the French military authorities. The idea would be to buy the United States four planes and two receiving stations and processing of images, for a total price of 80 to 100 million (54 to 67 million euros), which seems low to against the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. that seems low in relation to the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. that seems low in relation to the $ 81 million paid earlier this year by Italy, who bought two Reaper and two ground stations. Then each plane Reaper "naked" would be charged extra ten million dollars (6.7 million euros). Load the French adapt to these devices excellent communications system satellite imagery developed for the Snowy, considered better than that sold by the Americans, or any other payload. In the current discussions, the payloads are considered in addition to existing cameras Snowy, pods (pods) listening and interception implemented by the DGSE (General Directorate for External Security) or DRM (Directorate of Military Intelligence), as well as radar systems for maritime reconnaissance. These would be carried out by the Air Force surveillance missions (the detection of illegal gold mining in Guyana, such as monitoring the Chad-Sudan border are cited) that can save precious hours of patrols currently assigned at Atlantic had two of the navy, whose potential must be preserved. For similar reasons, the Italians have essentially bought their Reaper to perform the control of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean. According to our information, the secret transatlantic discussions are currently intense, and Americans would hard agreeing to take the first devices on chains turning in favor of the U.S. Air Force, and deliver three months after the order. This does not mean that they could be sent to Afghanistan as soon as a long period of testing and adjustment might be needed. Another point: the thirty Reaper operational Americans are heavily armed: they can take up to fourteen air-ground missiles, as well as laser-guided bombs or GPS, and can stay fourteen hours in flight. To our knowledge, the aircraft would be delivered to France with their carrying pylons installed, but without weapons. But France was ordered in 2007 for his Tiger helicopters Hellfire antitank missiles II. What technical barriers that prevent potential U.S. drone acquired France are not equipped with such missiles? Or outweighed by laser guided bombs? No. Finally, the last problem: finances. The law provides for a 2009-2014 program budget of € 300 million for the drones, but not a penny to buy a shelf in the United States. In the administration means these days the well-known argument, that "it would be sufficient to shift the control of a single burst to solve the problem" ... This alone promises a lively discussion! On this side of the Atlantic, this time. Eure et Loir, the campaign under video surveillance video surveillance, city mouse and country mouse. Video surveillance is not limited to large cities and towns. Indeed, the installation of surveillance cameras is growing in rural communities to track incivility by deterrence. A Bonneval, eg video surveillance cameras are installed for 9 years, and will soon be connected to the municipal police station . Elected small towns who want to set up a video surveillance system, see Bonneval as a control city. campaign also wants its tranquility as Chartres and Dreux, municipalities with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants is also fitted with video surveillance. Voves The common example is installing eight cameras, following a recurring stress on people. The operation was called "vidéotranquillité", and 8 additional cameras are planned for the outskirts of the city center. At Brou, c is 13 video surveillance cameras that have been implemented. Regarding the common Toury, it will also give you a video surveillance system, as has been done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon , ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, the tracking system and tracking moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. as already done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, systems for tracking and monitoring of moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. as already done Cloyes-sur-le-Loir or Maintenon ... Indect, research project for a European big brother (VO) The European Union is funding a research project to develop tools or prototypes of automated analysis of images from surveillance cameras, systems for tracking and monitoring of moving objects, automated agents monitoring internet forums, file servers, P2P, and personal computers. Telegraph article and documentation of the project. By Ian Johnston, Telegraph, September 19, 2009 A five-year research program called Expired Project Indect, AIMS to Develop computer programs All which act as "agents" to monitor and process information from web sites, chat forums , file servers, peer-to-peer networks and even individual computers. Its objective include the "automatic detection of terrorism threats and abnormal behavior or violence." hand Indect Project, Nearly All which received £ 10 million in funding from the European Union, Involves the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) and computer scientists at York University, in addition to colleagues in nine other European countries. Shami Chakrabarti, the director of human rights group Liberty, Described the introduction of mass Such as technical surveillance "sinister step" for any country, Adding That It was "positively chilling" on a European scale. Indect The research, All which Began this year, comes as the EU is pressing ahead with an expansion of icts role in fighting crime, terrorism and managing migration Increasing icts . thesis in budget areas by 13.5% to Nearly £ 900 million The European Commission is calling for a "common culture 'of law enforcement to be Developed across the EU and for a third of Police officers - more than 50,000 in the UK alone - to Given be training in European affairs Within the next five years. According to the Open Europe think tank, the Increased emphasis on co-operation and sharing intelligence Means That European Police Forces are Likely to gain access to sensitive information Held by UK police, Including the British DNA database. It aussi Expects the number of UK Citizens extradited under the controversial European Arrest Warrant to triple. Stephen Booth, an Open Europe analyst Who has Helped compile a dossier on the European justice agenda, said Developments and thesis projects: such as Indect sounded "Orwellian" and raised serious issues about individual liberty. "This is all pretty scary stuff in my book. These projects Would Involve a huge invasion of privacy and Citizens need to ask Themselves Whether the EU shoulds be Spending Their taxes on 'em," he said. "The EU lacks Sufficient checks and balances and there is no Evidence That anyone ever HAS Abebooks web sites' Actually this is in the best Interests of our Citizens? " Miss Chakrabarti said: "Profiling whole populations INSTEAD of monitoring individual suspects is a sinister step in any society . "It's dangerous enough at national level, but on a Europe-wide scale the idea Becomes positively chilling." According to the official website for Project Indect, All which Began this year, icts main objective include "to Develop a platform for the registration and exchange of operational data, acquisition of multimedia happy, intelligent processing of all information and automatic detection of terrorism threats and recognition of abnormal behavior or violence. " It talks of the "construction of agents Assigned to continuous and automatic monitoring of public resources: such as: web websites, chat forums, usenet groups, file servers, p2p [peer-to-peer] networks as well as individual computer systems, building an internet-based intelligence gathering system, active Both and passive. " York University's computer science department website details how icts task is to Develop "computational linguistic technology for information gathering and learning from the web". "Our focus is on novel technologies for word sense induction, entity resolution, relationship mining, social network analysis [and] sentiment analysis," it says. A separate EU-funded research project, called Expired Adabts - the Automatic Detection of Abnormal Behaviour and Threats in crowded Spaces - HAS RECEIVED Nearly £ 3 million Its purpose is based in Sweden partners include the UK Home Office and BAE Systems.. It is seeking to Develop models of "suspicious behavior" so thesis can be Automatically detected using CCTV and other monitoring methods. The system Would analyzing the pitch of people's voices, the way Their bodies move and track Individuals Within crowds. Project coordinator Dr Jorgen Ahlberg, of the Swedish Defence Research Agency, said this Would simply help CCTV operators notice When trouble was starting. "People Usually do not start to fight from one second to Reviews another," he said. "They start by arguing and pushing each other '. It's not that 'oh you are pushing each other', you shoulds be arrested This', it's to alert an operator That something is going on. "If it's a shopping mall, You Could send a security guard into the vicinity and things [a fight] maybe Would not happen. " Open Europe factotum believes Gathered by intelligence and other Indect Such systems Could be used by a little-known body, the EU Joint Situation Centre (SitCen), All which it claims is "Effectively The Beginning of year U.S. Secret Service ". Critics Have said It Could Develop into "Europe's CIA." The record says: "The EU's Joint Situation Centre (SitCen) was originally Established in order to monitor and for Assessment worldwide events and situations on a 24-hour DB with a focus on potential crisis regions, terrorism and WMD-proliferation. "HOWEVER, since 2005, SitCen has-been used to share counter-terrorism information. "An Increased role for SitCen shoulds be of concern since the body is shrouded in so much secrecy. "The expansion of what is Effectively The Beginning of an EU 'Secret Service' raises Fundamental issues of political oversight in the member states. " Superintendent Gerry Murray, of the PSNI, said the Force's main role Would be to test Whether the system, All which he said Could be operated was countrywide or European level, was a worthwhile tool for the police. "A lot of it is very academic and very science-driven [at the moment]. Our budgets are shrinking, our human resources are shrinking and we are looking for IT Technology That Will help us five years down the line in reducing crime and Combating criminal gangs, "he said. "Within this Project Indect there is an ethical board All which Will be Looked at:. permissible Within it is the law of the country Have you May use it, Have you Oversees it and it is human rights compliant " A Swiss UAV in service population drones, the unmanned aircraft are known for their vocation military. Technical Ex-teacher on combat aircraft, the Sédunois Laurent Zen-Ruffinen innovates by developing since 2003 an aircraft designed for civilian missions. Dedicated to export and being assembled in Sion, the device may work on several tables:. research mountain people in difficulty, forest fire monitoring, maritime surveillance and analysis of damage after a natural disaster "Compared military drones, which require heavy logistics personnel and equipment, my plane is simple and quick and inexpensive to use the flight time, "says Laurent Zen-Ruffinen. Last week, drone made ​​in Switzerland passed the test of the digital tunnel. Testing ground are planned for the summer . 2010, while flight tests should be conducted in the same year or in 2011 marketing period may therefore be evaluated. ILEA: The U.S. prepares friendly policies to the dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are return. Having revived its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. Throughout most discretion of "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a noticeable change in its military strategy, military U.S. decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where the training included techniques of torture and execution. Budget Federal U.S. 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an international Police Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with an extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. personnel works there enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for enforcing the law in all Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat trafficking drugs, crime and international terrorism, through global cooperation. "There ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, to make Latin America a "safe continent for foreign investment" the center of Salvador's mission, since "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime. "Most instructors from agencies of the United States as the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it is open one of its offices in 2005. Most school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police . It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and, shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and notorious groups against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami in June 2005, Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, the torture, the strafing of civilians, disappearances (... ) What Rice has announced about the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicions only worsen with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police Salvador (PNC) in eight murders having the characteristics of death squads in 2006 alone. Meanwhile, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and breach of professional ethics. While the United States design their ILEA as the guarantors of a climate favorable to free trade and economic interests, PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 inspired by the Patriot Act law of the United States, and for arresting activists opposed to both the privatization of the water as vendors who violate intellectual property standards of CAFTA. Latin, the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of centers training of the police and the army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by private security companies in the United States, such as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, followed by dissidents power and social organizations. use of private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws 'terrorism' Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the Congress of the United States approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized in Mexico and Central America, crime, provided two million dollars for 2009 budget, the benefit of the ILEA San Salvador. Equipped with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency on the operations and the curriculum. What is studied t exactly is this school? It ​​remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not diminished, no more than other than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador, led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend de Cuellar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and IDUHCA the benefit of ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability in of the institution, "but have no idea how it will proceed to get what Cuellar did not get (the curriculum, for example.) We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if they work does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort of the United States to reform the military or police forces that are supposed to help. " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy even though she continues to dabble in numerous violations of human rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted to get manuals studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English). According to the letter of refusal "no one knows what can reasonably be expected of the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, besides the procedures and techniques involved are well known to the public. "is short since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings El Salvador, and the secret of ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite growing international protests. can not yet say that ILEA will or will not "new schools assassins, "as critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their critics might be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the reign of uninterrupted Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that new climate has moved into the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous leftist president Evo Morales faces increasing resistance of the rightwing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy. For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian military. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth fleet the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez warning, Venezuela, working on the construction of a regional bloc Progressive whose purpose is to avoid the influence of Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas ( ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among progressive Latin American leaders. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. Meanwhile, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. The U.S. prepares friendly fonts dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are back. After reactivating its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. In the utmost discretion, the "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a significant change in its military strategy, the army of the United States has decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where training included techniques of torture and execution. Federal budget of the United States 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an International Law Enforcement Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with a extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. staff working enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for law enforcement in all of Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat drug trafficking, crime and international terrorism, by way of global cooperation. "The ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, make the center of Salvador's mission Latin America "safe continent for foreign investment" as "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime." Most instructors come from agencies such as the U.S. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it has opened one of its offices in 2005. Most of the school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police. It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and that shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and groups notorious against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami, June 2005 Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, torture, strafing civilians, Disappearance (...) What about Rice announced the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicion only gets worse with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. In early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police of El Salvador (PNC) in eight murders with the characteristics of the death squads, in 2006 alone. At the same time, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and unethical professional. While the United States design their ILEA as a guarantee in favor of free trade and their economic climate, the PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. Agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and the government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 law inspired the Patriot Act of the United States, and for stopping opposed to water privatization activists as vendors who violate intellectual property standards CAFTA as well. Latin the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of police training centers and army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by security companies Private U.S. as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, monitoring of dissidents in power and social organizations use private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws "terrorism." Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the U.S. Congress approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized crime in Mexico and Central America, provided two million dollars for the 2009 budget, in favor of the ILEA San Salvador. Armed with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency of operations and curriculum. Studied by Does exactly is this school? It remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not decreased any more than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend Cuéllar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and the IDUHCA advantage of the ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability within the institution," but have no idea how it will do to get what Cuellar has not obtained (the curriculum, for example). We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if their mode does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States in Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort to reform the United States military or police forces that are supposed to help . " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy, although it continues to soak in numerous violations of rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted for textbooks studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English ). According to the letter of refusal "we do not know what we can reasonably expect the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, not to mention that we run the procedures and techniques involved are poorly understood the public. " Since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings in El Salvador, and the secret of the ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite protests increasing international. We can not yet say that the ILEA will or will not "new school of assassins," as the critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their criticism could be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the uninterrupted reign of the Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that a new climate settled in the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous president left Evo Morales faces growing resistance of the right-wing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy . For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian army. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth Fleet of the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. The 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. Observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is a warning drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, who are working to build a progressive regional bloc whose purpose is to avoid the influence Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among the leaders Latin American progressives. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. At the same time, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations. The U.S. prepares friendly fonts dirty war against the old methods of insurgency are back. After reactivating its network of kidnapping in 66 countries, Washington has revived the law enforcement training friendly regimes. In the utmost discretion, the "Police Academies" were opened in the United States, Hungary, Thailand and Botswana. Another is under construction in El Salvador. The content of some programs is so blameless that was classified. Return of old militarism United unien new threat to peace and democracy in Latin America. In 2005, military aid from the United States in the region had increased by 34 compared to what it was in 2000. Introducing a significant change in its military strategy, the army of the United States has decentralized discrete training of military and Latin American officers who previously focused on the famous School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, where training included techniques of torture and execution. Federal budget of the United States 2008 provided $ 16.5 million to finance an International Law Enforcement Academy (International Law Enforcement Academy, ILEA) in El Salvador, with a extension via satellite in Peru. The U.S. staff working enjoys immunity in case of possible charges. Each academy leads annually techniques "against terrorism," about 1,500 police officers, judges, prosecutors and other trades responsible for law enforcement in all of Latin America. Academy of El Salvador is part of a network of ILEA established in 1995 under the Clinton administration, who saw in these institutions a range of schools states uniennes "scattered throughout the world to combat drug trafficking, crime and international terrorism, by way of global cooperation. "The ILEA, there has to Budapest (Hungary), Bangkok (Thailand), Gaborone (Botswana) and Roswell (New Mexico) According to executives of the ILEA, make the center of Salvador's mission Latin America "safe continent for foreign investment" as "guarantee regional security, economic stability, and suppression of crime." Most instructors come from agencies such as the U.S. DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) and the FBI. latter is particularly present in El Salvador since it has opened one of its offices in 2005. Most of the school fees are paid with taxpayer money united Americans. Salvadorans see in the ILEA a new School of the Americas (School of the Americas, SOA) for police. It is governed by the same policy of secrecy, which only serves to aggravate the suspicion. For example, as the SOA, the list of students and graduates is confidential, as well as the course content. Many observers are worried and rightly so, given the atrocities discovered at the SOA in September 1996, when the journalist Dana Priest, Washington Post proved that the manuals contained SOA during torture, and that shortly after, Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOA Watch (Observers of the School of the Americas) procured a list of SOA graduates, many of whom were known as leaders of death squads and groups notorious against insurgency. [1] Second part When Condoleezza Rice announced new plans for the ILEA San Salvador at a meeting of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Miami, June 2005 Father Bourgeois wrote: "What we left training security forces by the United States and SOA throughout Latin America, the bloodshed, torture, strafing civilians, Disappearance (...) What about Rice announced the creation of a police academy in El Salvador should raise serious concerns for anyone who cares for human rights. ". Suspicion only gets worse with the immunity clause granted by the United States for the benefit of employees of the ILEA. If the total lack of transparency prevents them from knowing the course content, it is clear that the behavior of the Salvadoran police, which represents a quarter of graduates has deteriorated sharply since the start of the ILEA. In early May 2007, the Office of the Archdiocese of legal guardianship (the Archbishop's Legal Aid and Human Rights Defense Office) published a report that involved the National Civil Police of El Salvador (PNC) in eight murders with the characteristics of the death squads, in 2006 alone. At the same time, the Cure for the defense of human rights in El Salvador has also published reports that there are links between the PNC and the death squads and repeated cases of corruption and unethical professional. While the United States design their ILEA as a guarantee in favor of free trade and their economic climate, the PNC is involved in vigorous measures violate civil rights, repressing social protest movements. Agreements such as the Free Trade Agreement for Central America (CAFTA in English) gave rise to much controversy, and the government of President Saca has made ​​every effort to ensure their success, including the approval of a law against terrorism in September 2006 law inspired the Patriot Act of the United States, and for stopping opposed to water privatization activists as vendors who violate intellectual property standards CAFTA as well. Latin the military of the United States establish similar mechanisms of cooperation in the region. The ILEA's partners a host of police training centers and army led by of U.S. agencies such as the FBI, DEA and ICE, as well as programs run by security companies Private U.S. as DynCorp International and Blackwater [2]. journalist Ben Dangl notes that the legacy of the "dirty wars" in Latin America of the 70s and 80s of last century, when the response to the political opposition was the abduction, torture or murder is far from over, as Colombia and Paraguay have four characteristics of militarism right in Latin America: joint exercises with the army of the United States in the drive against the insurgency, monitoring of dissidents in power and social organizations use private mercenaries to provide security, and the criminalization of social protest calls tactics and laws "terrorism." Update Wes Enzinna May 22, 2008, the U.S. Congress approved the Merida Initiative, which in the framework of a program of $ 450 million to combat gangs and organized crime in Mexico and Central America, provided two million dollars for the 2009 budget, in favor of the ILEA San Salvador. Armed with these new funds, the academy will be able to intensify its efforts to train police throughout the hemisphere, without public control or transparency of operations and curriculum. Studied by Does exactly is this school? It remains a secret. What is certain is that the involvement of the National Civil Police (PNC) has not decreased any more than violation of the PNC. Attendance at school Benjamin Cuellar, director of IDHUCA (Institute of Human Rights of the Universidad Centroamericana "Jose Simeon Cañas") in El Salvador led to derogatory comments and criticisms I have dwelt on this point in my article, but it did not prevent the US-led organization Human Rights Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) to publicly defend Cuéllar. Meanwhile, WOLA negotiating with the State Department joint work with Cuellar and the IDUHCA advantage of the ILEA. In its own logic, WOLA hopes to "lobby for greater transparency and accountability within the institution," but have no idea how it will do to get what Cuellar has not obtained (the curriculum, for example). We do not see in what way its presence legitimate school activities ILEA, if their mode does not change. As Lesley Gill stated in my original article, the discourse on human rights and the defense that would set the military and police institutions of the United States in Latin America is an old "trick" of public relations, including the School of the Americas, infamous, had the initiative, and in any case, says Gill, "an index of real effort to reform the United States military or police forces that are supposed to help . " Time will tell if the association with the State Department under WOLA power control ILEA will or not more transparent school and will give it greater legitimacy, although it continues to soak in numerous violations of rights. signs are not promising. In March, the author of these lines has received a negative response to the request submitted for textbooks studies ILEA under the Law on Freedom of Information (FOIA English ). According to the letter of refusal "we do not know what we can reasonably expect the revelation of these texts, and the risk of being used to violate the law, not to mention that we run the procedures and techniques involved are poorly understood the public. " Since the publication of my article, PNC has multiplied abuses and political killings in El Salvador, and the secret of the ILEA is more opaque than ever, despite the intervention of Cuéllar and IDHUCA and despite protests increasing international. We can not yet say that the ILEA will or will not "new school of assassins," as the critics say. But if the current situation is an indication, their criticism could be based. Updated Benjamin Dangl Several recent events have dramatically changed the military and political landscape of Latin America. If several electoral victories indicate that the region turns to the left, Washington continues to strengthen its military and naval presence in the hemisphere. On 20 April 2008, Fernando Lugo, a leftist, was elected president of Paraguay . His victory put an end to the uninterrupted reign of the Colorado Party for 61 years. Lugo is a former bishop who shares the Liberation Theology and has rallied a growing list of leaders of the center-left of the region. He promised to take strong action against the violations of human rights committed in Paraguay and associated with the military relations between the United States and his country. Shortly after his victory, Lugo told reporters that Washington should realize that a new climate settled in the region and the Latin American governments "does it accept any kind of intervention, no country so great." In neighboring Bolivia, indigenous president left Evo Morales faces growing resistance of the right-wing opposition. Documents and statements by representatives of the Government of the United States in Bolivia prove that Washington has spent millions of dollars to benefit the Bolivian right, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the National Endowment for Democracy . For more information on this topic, see "Undermining Bolivia", The Progressive, February 2008. March 1, 2008, the Colombian military bombed a camp of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in Ecuadorian territory, which triggered a regional crisis. This attack is part of a conflict that has lasted for decades, fueled by military training and funding provided by the United States to the Colombian army. On April 24, a month later, the Pentagon announced that the fourth Fleet of the Navy of the United States would come back in action to control activities in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. The 4th Fleet had ended its operations in 1950. Observers of the region believe that the reactivation of the Fleet is a warning drawn to Latin American leaders like Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, who are working to build a progressive regional bloc whose purpose is to avoid the influence Washington. Though Washington intends to make its presence felt in Latin America increasingly left in the political spectrum, regional alliances such as the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (ALBA) are gaining more and more supporters among the leaders Latin American progressives. This form of political, economic and military cooperation effectively against the hegemony of the United States. At the same time, the future of relations between the United States and the subcontinent strongly depend on the attitude assumed by the new President of the United States faced a region that has undergone radical transformations.


The majority of the mainstream media tend to ignore Latin America, but when they run it, it is usually to censor leftist leaders and social movements. Two online publications provide information and analysis on the continuous region: Upside Down World.org, a website covering activism and politics in Latin America, and Toward Freedom.com, which offers a progressive vision international events.
Readers wishing to know more about the military aggression of the United States in Latin America can visit the Americas Watch website. For more information on military operations in the region and promising response progressive governments and social movements, see my book The Price of Fire: Resource Wars and Social Movements in Bolivia (The price of fire: resource wars and Social Movements in Bolivia, AK Press) Rafael will develop a new system of military microsatellites The commander of the Israeli Air Force, Ido Nehoshtan Wednesday announced its intention to develop a new type of satellite to increase capabilities of military intelligence of the IDF. These satellites and small, have the particularity to be able to collect information in a very short time and highly specific targets. Besides the operational advantage that they are being deployed at a closer distance from the earth ( from 200 to 300 km), these satellites will strengthen Israel's expertise in space technology. Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, which is developing several lines of satellites weighing less than 120 pounds, should be appointed to carry out this military project that will culminate in 2015. While hundreds of millions of dollars will be released by Israel in the coming months The cost of developing microsatellites remains well below the average space programs. Because of their small size, such devices do not require the construction of launch vehicles too expensive. Instead, they can even be powered from aircraft. Currently, Israel has three military reconnaissance satellites: Ofek 5, Ofek 7 and "TecSAR" all designed by IAI (Israel Aerospace Industries) and classical scale. Launched in 2002 and 2007, Ofek 5 and Ofek 7 would be the only satellite in the world to be placed in retrograde orbit so that the debris in the event of failure, can not fall into hostile territory and reveal secrets. The "TecSAR" was put into orbit in 2008 from the space center Sriheikkota India. Weighing only 300 pounds, it is supposed to monitor the development of Iran's nuclear facilities. IsraelValley PLUS The Israeli involvement in space research during the 1960s. In September 1988, the satellite launch military OFEK-1 launcher SHAVIT marked the entrance of the Jewish state in the exclusive club of countries to design, build and launch satellites. since several civilian and military space programs public or private, have emerged, particularly in telecommunications, remote sensing and astronomy. Israeli Space Agency, founded September 19, 1983, is the government agency that coordinates all space programs in Israel scientific purposes, military or commercial. The UPS is currently headed by Professor Yitzhak Ben Israel -. Astrium built the optical observation satellites of the future for the French Military Intelligence Directorate General of Armaments (DGA) has appointed CNES notification of a contract Astrium for two satellites Space Optical Component (CSO) to replace the current military observation satellites HELIOS 2. The contract value is € 795 million. The orbit of the first satellite is scheduled for December 2016. The contract allows the optional control of the realization of a third satellite. As prime contractor CSO satellites program, Astrium will provide the agile platform and avionics, and integrate, test and deliver the CNES satellites. Thales Alenia Space will provide Astrium optical instrument for high resolution. "100" times more powerful and 30% cheaper Thanks to new technologies, Astrium satellites deliver "100" times more powerful than the current generation while reducing costs . A gain of 30% has been achieved in 10 years through the use of latest technology and feedback from the entire fleet of Earth observation satellites produced by Astrium .. Astrium accumulated to date, 35 low-orbit satellites and 350 years of in-orbit life. This is extreme agility and stability of the satellite that ensure users the availability of high-quality images required very quickly even for the most complex procurement plans. onboard electronics and control software for the manufacture of its satellites Astrium's use of the latest generation of gyroscopic actuators, fiber optic gyroscopes, enabled Astrium optimize the masses and inertia and greatly improve the ability to score fast. The satellite will also Astrium Galileo a browser and the latest generation of star trackers Sodern. launched the implementation of the CSO satellites program Musis DGA told CNES (French Space Agency) notification of the contract for two satellites to replace the current military observation satellite Helios 2 Astrium (EADS) for an amount of € 795 million. The orbit of the first satellite is scheduled for December 2016. Both satellites will form the optical space component (CSO) of the imaging space defense and security Musis (Multinational Space-based system) future program, expected to be achieved with Germany, Belgium, Spain, Greece and Italy. They have even higher performance than those of Helios 2 system. Their resolution will allow the identification of smaller targets, the amount of images provided, particularly in crisis areas, will be increased and the period of provision images to decision makers and the forces will be reduced. DGA has delegated CNES project management satellite CSO. Astrium (EADS) will provide project management and Thales Alenia Space will perform optical instruments. Both industry will involve a network of French subcontractors working in the field of high technologies. About 500 engineers and technicians in the space industry will be mobilized on average throughout the CSO program. The contract includes an option making a third satellite. The decision to order will be subject to the establishment of cooperation with other European countries for sharing funding CSO. Surveillance cameras strongly denounced the occasion of the publication of the figures for the Crime Observatory, Brice Hortefeux announced that the number of surveillance cameras on the streets go from "20,000 to 60,000 by 2011." A disputed by the PS and the CNIL initiative. Reacting to the report of the National Crime Observatory (OND) on Monday, pointing in particular a significant increase in violence to the person (4.13%) and a worrying increase 12% of burglaries, the Interior Minister Brice Hortefeux said in an interview with Le Figaro, Wednesday, August 19, will "triple" the number of surveillance cameras in France. For the "top cop of France" these have a "strong deterrent", but not only. The Minister also find their serious interest to identify wrongdoers. The number on the street "will increase from 20,000 to 60,000 by 2011," it said in the Figaro article, titled "Crime: response Brice Hortefeux." "Move delinquency" For the Secretary PS responsible for national security, Jean-Jacques Urvoas, "it is the wrong answer." "No scientific study demonstrates the effectiveness of video surveillance in the fight against crime," he says, adding, quoting criminologist Alain Bauer, that "it merely shifts the problem." He likes that this issue resurfaced after the publication of the 2009 report of the OND and advance an explanation: "Brice Hortefeux only gesticulating figures to hide the truth is that since Nicolas Sarkozy came to power. crime never gave any more than when he was interior minister, "he complains. idea Brice Hortefeux, dates in fact not new, and is also not him. Michèle Alliot-Marie, Minister of the Interior until the last reshuffle, announced in November 2007, wanting 60,000 cameras in France before ... 2009. An envelope of € 1 million was to be paid at the time twenty municipalities with facilities or well advanced video projects. But "the site to delayed", tells us the Ministry of the Interior , explaining that "it is common that fund this project, with the bottom interdepartmental investment delinquency prevention. [35 million budget in 2009, ed].'s why it can not be completed until late 2011 , bringing the figure to 60,000. " nonexistent control "figures? What numbers?" protested Jean-Jacques Urvoas. According to him, "it is impossible to know the cost of these facilities", nor the exact number of CCTV cameras on the hexagon. "The government serves us unverifiable figures," he argues, before irony: "It is fine to want to triple the number that does not exist!" For him, "there must be a greater control." For now, the control does not exist. The president of the Data Protection National Commission (CNIL) Alex Turk, is categorical. "Nobody, including the Ministry of the Interior, is able to determine the exact number of surveillance cameras on the streets [...] some are illegal." It advocates a comprehensive and professional control over the subject, "the CNIL must be invested," he says, adding that "since July waiting for a response from the government." For him, "we can not continue as it is, there must be a guarantee for the citizen, and the warranty goes through a check and writing a charter." Jean-Jacques Urvoas has, meanwhile, a Another solution: "Why not keep the number of officials of law enforcement, rather than remove 8000?" he offers. army launches major defense exercise involved 8,000 soldiers will be on the Plateau, northwest of Switzerland and Central Switzerland all week. It is the largest exercise of national defense organized since the establishment of Army XXI. Under the code name "Protector", these maneuvers will simulate monitoring large civil infrastructure. The scenario states that the deployment of troops involved in a context of social instability "including sabotage and a high propensity to violence," according to the federal Department of Defense (VBS) website. mandate from the civil authorities the soldiers should "contribute to the restoration of order and security," said the head of the army, André Blattmann by written version of his speech. gun microwave ready to be used by USA on tanks in Iraq (google translation) Weapons microwave that cause pain without lasting damage must be distributed to U.S. troops in Iraq for the first time while the worries up the excess number of increasingly important civilians killed in combat. Non-lethal weapons, which employ high-powered electromagnetic beams, will be adapted to vehicles already in Iraq, which will allow the system to be active next year. Using similar technology that found in a conventional microwave oven, the beam rapidly heats water molecules in the skin to cause intolerable pain and a burning sensation. The invisible beam penetrates the skin to a depth of less than a millimeter. When the target moves out of the beam path, the pain disappears. Since there is no impact on the United States Department of Defense believes that the weapons will be particularly useful in urban conflict. The beam could be used to disperse large crowds in which insurgents operate at close quarters for troops and civilians. "skin becomes extremely hot, and people can not stand the pain, so they have to move in the way we want, "said Wade Hall of the Office of Force Transformation, a column body formed in November 2001 to promote rapid improvement across all U.S. armed forces. Garcia rich, a spokesman for the laboratory Search the Air Force in Mexico, where the systems have been developed, participated in examining the weapon and was subjected to microwave beam which has a range of one kilometer. "It just looks like your skin is on fire," he said. "But when you step out of the beam path, everything goes back to normal. There was no residual pain." A heated battle on a crowded street in Baghdad last week that left 16 Iraqis dead, accentuated again the urgent need to reduce the number of civilian casualties, and simultaneously prevents further damage relations between U.S. troops and the Iraqi people. U.S. commanders later admitted using helicopter-launched seven rockets and 30 rounds of high-caliber machine gun in the incident last Sunday. Armoured vehicles will be called Sherifs once they have been modified to carry weapons Microwave wave, known as the active denial system (ADS). The Column Hall said that the U.S. Army and Marine Corps units U.S. should receive four to six sheriffs equipped with ADS in September 2005. The project was launched only three months ago but the U.S. military leaders have intend to rush the sheriffs in the front line, believing that they can be immediate help. In another development, the sheriffs will be equipped with Gunslinger, a rapid-fire gun currently under development that will detect snipers enemies and will automatically fire back at them. Sheriffs If successful, their use will be increased in areas of combat. They to will also be deployed for security ports and airfields, and power to participate in border patrols Weapons of Mass Destruction (civil) Note P & P: In the following article the Monde Diplomatique offers an interesting analysis of modern wars, which have the modern name as their barbarism reminds us of the darkest hours in the history of mankind. formal doctrine would have us believe the most preposterous lies. In the field of war, political and media rehashing the same refrain: preemptive wars, own weapons, surgical strikes ... The reality is simply the opposite of this propragande. Recent wars have nothing preventative, they are conflicts, rotting over years, arbitrary and bloody and having only result in increased profits of weapons manufacturers, ownership of resources (eg oil) and a frightful amount of suffering and death. In addition, such chirugicales surgical strikes have that name because the rate of civilians during the wars of the twentieth century from 10 to 90%. Amid the chaos of postwar From mass destruction or conventional, the weapons kill civilians What is the validity of the distinction between conventional weapons and non-conventional weapons (nuclear, radiological, biological, chemical - CBRN weapons or special), appropriately treated as weapons of mass destruction? The criterion of discrimination is it a disproportionate deadly power or mechanism barbaric lethal action? For any physician, the mechanistic classification hinged on the effects or mechanisms of action of weapons systems is abhorrent to regard to human suffering, and totally unfounded. The firepower of conventional weapons is as deadly as the effects of so-called special weapons. The carpet bombing campaigns held by the aerial bombardment of high-altitude part of the official doctrine of the so-called civilized over fifty countries compete destructive power with current CBRN weapons. However, the most atrocious conventional weapons attract little official disapproval. Treaties and declarations of intent remain powerless to eradicate, among others, landmines or cluster munitions. For their part, the terrorists also pragmatic qu'inhumains, willingly use conventional means whose effectiveness n is well established: bombs, vehicles packed with explosives, rocket launchers. A suicide bomber blowing himself up in a public place is killing more people than the 39 Iraqi Scud launched at Israel during the first Gulf War (1991). Sam-7 missile fired by one man may kill a plane taking off and make hundreds of dead. Aircraft hijacked by a small group of suicide bombers can kill a high-rise building and make thousands of dead Similarly, 'sarin gas Aum in the Tokyo subway on March 20, 1995, killed 12 people, and letter bombs to anthrax caused the 5 people in the United States in the fall 2001, when the bombings in Bali and Grozny were respectively 192 and 80 deaths. Timothy McVeigh did not need to "dirty bomb" to trigger terror in Oklahoma City, United States, one basic load was enough to kill the resort of Port-Royal metro, Paris, and some cutters have allowed the suicide commandos on 11 September 2001 to perform carnage in New York. Actually, the only valid classification would be one that takes into account the suffering of human beings. But what a conventional thermal burns from a conventional munition be any less disturbing a chemical burn blister agent or another weapon in microwave? What deprivation of oxygen bomb as the "Fuel Air Explosive" (FAE), a real gas chamber in the field, it is more tolerable than a cyanide bomb that blocks cell use of oxygen? There is no conventional way to destroy a human being. A possible classification Moreover, the mechanisms of action of weapons of last generation, from the state laboratories, remain classified "top secret." The authorities want to see receive a "pass conventional." Nuclear and radiological weapons of last generation are not even mentioned in the treaty, whether weapons miniaturized selective effects of those microwave high power or those particle beam. Playing on the miniaturization and the modulation of their effects, it is possible to keep them in a dark classifier conducive to rape all the conventions. Thus, designers of nuclear bomblet B 61-11 (mini-nuke) highlight the light version (0.3 kiloton TNT equivalent), but remain silent about the most powerful version, comparable to several times the bomb ' Hiroshima. Who can say where the critical legal proscription lies beyond which a counter-force weapon is a weapon against cities? For biological weapons, advances in genetic engineering now allow the sequencing and genome manipulation of biological pathogens to humans. The so-called fourth-generation weapons, including development can only be achieved in government laboratories, have or will have effects that, at first, be difficult to detect. They probably will disseminate or plague or smallpox. They will affect more and more selective about certain functions, especially brain, the effects of more subtle, and we are tempted to say more "natural." They can hit the target groups, inactivate specific genes, trigger physiological cell death phenomena (apoptosis). Any treaty describing these effects, which prohibit the agreement? Chemical weapons also benefit from technological advances and porosity classifications. The militarization of the drug following the weaponization of biological agents, is a new medicine forced loan. We now speak of "assault drug" at the service of against-terrorism, halfway between anesthetic gases and chemical warfare. Chemical weapons of tomorrow may already be in the pages of the Vidal dictionary hide drugs. Presented as non-lethal, they have actually a deadly power in two stages: paralyze the enemy before executing. During the hostage crisis in Moscow in October 2002, which caused at least 117 deaths (plus 41 Chechen terrorists), the key issue was whether the product was used or not prohibited by the international convention on chemical weapons. Classified as halogen or opiate category, he became a lawful employment, and the drama of theater Dubrovka street could be considered as a therapeutic risks, prescribers who made ​​a mistake in dosage. These towers technology and semantic sleight help erase the critical threshold of proscription and spend a binary classification of weapon systems (permitted / prohibited) to a continuum of terror. A thousand miles from any form of compassion or humanity, it is to substitute technological prowess with human suffering, and words to the facts. Moreover, the bombardment by conventional bombs an industrial site may cause contamination (chemical, radiological or biological) environment with catastrophic health consequences. The administration of President William Clinton was envisaged in the 1990 bombing of the North Korean nuclear reactor at Yongbyon. Iraq during the Gulf War of 1991, Allied aircraft bombed the nuclear weapons site Tuwaitha, the biological weapons and chemical Taji site Fallujah. During the war against Serbia (1999), NATO did not hesitate to bomb the Pancevo petrochemical complex, releasing as toxic as some poison gas products. This confusion of effects can be exploited to hide the use of unconventional weapons in preventive strikes. No one can say whether the observed contamination is related to the bomb dropped or bombed site. Especially if we took the precaution to convince world opinion that the State concerned has many unconventional weapons! Terrorist groups can get the same result by detonating a conventional explosive charge on a nuclear power plant, a protected biotechnology laboratory (P4 laboratory) or a chemical industrial site. What is it for classification of weapons in agreements that are routinely circumvented or raped? By developing a range of miniaturized nuclear weapons and launching the recent ballistic missile defense program, the United States bypass both the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty that the ballistic missile defense (ABM said treaty) 1972 . In opposing any verification procedure on their territory under the 1972 Convention on the prohibition of bacteriological weapons, they made ​​this agreement unenforceable. Other signatories to this convention countries are pursuing research programs offensive biological weapons under the guise of "defensive research." Other rhetoric commonly heard that the smart weapon that allows to make surgical strikes and process objectives while minimizing adverse effects. Recent wars have taught us that the border between strikes "anti-forces" and strikes "anti-city" was ill-defined and curvy. Not only civilians are not spared, but they can be targets confessed. During the wars of the second half of the twentieth century, the percentage of civilian casualties has increased from 10% to 90%. The "conventional" bombing of Dresden and the "non-conventional" bombing of Hiroshima were comparable in horror. Mitchell Doctrine, in force since 1930, is the massive air strikes prior to any U.S. military attack. These strategic bombing destroyed before all the civil and industrial installations, leaving intact the military potential. The commitment of NATO rules require the practice of bombing high altitude (above 5000 meters) to protect drivers against air defenses. At this height, it is unrealistic to visually distinguish between civilians and military. The concept of "zero military death" is associated with the effect of "90% of civilian casualties." moral exhaustion of the people during the war against Serbia, the Alliance has openly claimed the search "effect Dresden" that is to say, the moral exhaustion of a nation that sees its bombing buildings, bridges, hospitals, its power plants, factories, oil refineries, its telephone exchanges, its television relay. The distinction between strikes "anti-forces" and strikes "anti-cities" has faded in favor of "legitimate military targets". In the night from 22 to 23 April 1999, NATO aviation has targeted the studios of the Serbian National Television (RTS), located in the heart of Belgrade, killing 16 journalists at their workstation. The media fell under the definition of a "legitimate military target." During the Gulf War of 1991, the drinking water supplies of Iraq were deliberately targeted. The embargo against Iraq, meanwhile, has destroyed more people than the Hiroshima bomb, taking into account the respective medical sequelae. For all these reasons, doctors consider with skepticism the notion of surgical strikes and reduced side effects. The ambiguous concept of "reduced collateral damage" is more concerned with the preservation of the economic potential of a country that to reduce casualties in the civilian population. Once again, it is more than semantic contortions and manipulation language of the cruel facts. Of course, the terrorists do the same and do not hesitate to blindly hitting innocent victims. 's high-tech weapons are presented as harmless to civilians on the ground that feature selective effects "counter-force" inhibition of enemies using graphite bombs or electromagnetic bombs, better penetration of bunkers with miniaturized nuclear weapons, better penetration of steel shields with ammunition containing depleted uranium communication systems. However, the graphite bomb, a real "finger on the switch" of a country, can cut electricity maternity hospitals and indirectly threatening the lives of hospitalized patients, as was the case in 1999. Very few people care about the health consequences for the civilian population of the regions and watered. Must we recall that during the Vietnam War, U.S. authorities said the safety of aerial spraying of defoliants vis-à-vis the civilian population ? Moreover, the distinction between "anti-material" effect and "mines" effect remains rather vague for such weapons. For example, a microwave weapon can be used to disable electronic systems, but it can also be used to "cook" human beings in favor of a dimmer switch.


Finally, we see the transition from a defensive doctrine based on deterrence in an offensive doctrine, particularly since 11 September 2001. And, once again, doctors participated, willingly or not, to the war effort. The concept of the right of humanitarian intervention with simultaneous drops bombs and food is confusing serving interests tactics. Military applications of microwave should be aware that the microwave technology is not only used for voice mobile and for microwave ovens. This system is also subject to military applications ("directed energy weapons" or "psychotronic weapons"), little known to the general public, but very real and already operational. Several states (including France) have these weapons, including deadly concentrated version and a version "soft" non-lethal, can be used to neutralize the protesters. The existence of these weapons could partly explain the reluctance of the French authorities to open the debate on the antennas and the many associated problems. Some information on this subject: - It is in the USSR as the harmful effects of microwave were noticed for the first time. The Soviet authorities saw the military personnel assigned to this type of electro-magnetic equipment developed more cancers than the rest of the population. - During the Cold War, a very serious and revealing case occurred in the U.S. Embassy in Moscow. Many cancer deaths occurred in recent years and the Americans soon suspected non-natural origin. It turned out in fact (and this was confirmed after the fall of the USSR) that the embassy had been systematically subjected to a violent microwave radiation emitted by the Soviets. After a few years, he caused (unsurprisingly) health problems among staff, and even several deaths. Two successive U.S. ambassadors were suffering from leukemia. It is a famous and well-known case. - In October 1993, when Boris Yeltsin decided to use force to reduce the "revolt" of the Russian Parliament, the building was first drunken microwave for decrease the resistance of nerve occupants. Then, the "treatment" was not enough, the ultra-libertarian president and pro-Western did shoot tanks on Parliament. - A "soft" weapons microwave version was used in England against a manifestation of Greenpeace. However, the dose had been a little stronger and some demonstrators were bleeding from the nose and had headaches. - A book published in France on this subject, written by a journalist who made ​​a survey in the French army. Of course the military told him only what they wanted him to say well, yet they made ​​on it (with his permission, of course) a small "test" of the "soft" version (anti-demonstrators version). She says she was a bit shaken and lost balance. So conclusive test! The army, however, is very discreet about the deadly release of directed energy weapons, a version that is very likely. - Investigations have been made ​​on 120 000 Polish soldiers and 880,000 in USA, showing the effects on their health (information given by Mr Filterman.) - Rumor has it that these weapons have been used to "neutralize" quickly and quietly some annoying personalities in major political and financial affairs. Without becoming paranoid, we know some cases become very annoying personalities to political power and who have been victims of a very rapid deadly cancer. - Currently the U.S. military extensively uses a number of weapons microwave (non-lethal) in Iraq to better "control" the Iraqi people, but these weapons also have adverse effects on their own soldiers. The British Army have also used these weapons.