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<title>Math High: Leonhard Euler</title>
Math High: Leonhard Euler
Author: Matthew Danis
Date: 6/28/2015
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<h1>Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)</h1>
<p>The greatest mathematician of the eighteenth century, <strong>Leonhard Euler</strong> was born in Basel, Switzerland. There, he studied under another giant of mathematics, <strong>Jean Bernoulli</strong>. In 1731 Euler became a professor of physics and mathematics at St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Euler was the most prolific mathematician of all time, publishing over <em>800 different books and papers</em>. His influence was felt in physics and astronomy as well.</p>
<p>He is perhaps best known for his research into mathematical analysis. Euler's work, <cite>Introductio in analysin infinitorum (1748)</cite>, remained a standard textbook in the field for well over a century. For the princess of Anhalt-Dessau he wrote <cite>Lettres <&agrave;>a</&agrave;> une princesse d'Allemagne</cite> (1768-1772), giving a clear non-technical outline of the main physical theories of the time.</p>
<p>One can hardly write a mathematical equation without copying Euler. Notations still in use today, such as <var>e</var> and &pi;, were introduced in Euler's writings. Leonhard Euler died in 1783, leaving behind a legacy perhaps unmatched, and certainly unsurpassed, in the annals of mathematics.</p>
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<aside><h1>The Most Beautiful Theorem?</h1>
<p>Euler's Equation</p>
<p>cos(<var>x</var>) + <var>i</var>sin(x) = <var>e</var> (<var><sup>ix</sup></var>)</p>
<p>demonstrates the relationship between algebra, complex analysis, and trigonometry. From this equation, it's easy to derive the identity<p/>
<p><var>e</var>(<sup>&pi; <var>i</var></sup>) + 1 = 0</p>
<p>which relates the fundamental constants: 0, 1, &pi;, <var>e</var>, and <var>i</var> in a single beautiful and elegant statement. A poll of readers conducted by <cite>The Mathematical Intelligencer</cite> magazine named Euler's Identity as the most beautiful theorem in the history of mathematics.</p>
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