import time

def identity(x):
    return x

def square(x):
    return x*x

def foo(x):
    return [identity(x),square(x),x+1]

def bar(x):
    return ''.join([str(foo(x))," -- bar !! "])

start = time.time()
for i in xrange(int(1e6)):
    val = bar(i)
end = time.time()

print "fine-grained function decomposition:", (end-start)

start = time.time()
for i in xrange(int(1e6)):
    ''.join([str([i,i*i,i+1])," -- bar !! "])
end = time.time()

print "one-liner:", (end-start)