2019-04-02 Grammar: logical meanings of modals

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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Homework: p. 71 Write one more sentence for each function.

request: Can you pay me tomorrow? Could you lend me your pencil? Could I borrow your pencil?
permission: May I enter? Can I take some of your cheese?
invitation: Can you come to my graduation party? Would you like to see a movie with me?
offer: Would you like something to drink? Would you like me to help you?
promise/intention: I’ll do it. I’m going to study English. I’ll pay you back tomorrow. I’m going to be kind.
suggestion: You could go to the game. I would ask the teacher about this.
advice: You should do your homework by yourself. You ought to go on school activities.
obligation: You must not drink and drive. You have to take an Uber if you’re drunk.
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Modal Meanings
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general possibility: This topic can be difficult for people.
impossibility: It can’t be snowing! It’s April!
future events: I will turn 37 next year. There will be a test on Monday.
predictions (inferences about the future): It might snow tonight. It could rain tomorrow. You will be exhausted after your marathon next week.
inferences and guesses: You must be exhausted after running that marathon today. You must have been exhausted after the one you ran last week.
abilities: I can speak Spanish. She could play the guitar when she was young.
habitual past: When I was young I would walk to the park every day after school. I used to play soccer.
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p. 74-5 exercise 3 - With your partner, decide what meaning each sentence expresses.