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- # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
- from yade import pack
- ############################################
- ### DEFINING VARIABLES AND MATERIALS ###
- ############################################
- # The following 5 lines will be used later for batch execution
- nRead=utils.readParamsFromTable(
- num_spheres=10000,# number of spheres
- compFricDegree = 0, # contact friction during the confining phase
- unknownOk=True
- )
- from yade.params import table
- num_spheres=table.num_spheres # number of spheres
- targetPorosity = 0.382 #the porosity we want for the packing
- compFricDegree = table.compFricDegree # initial contact friction during the confining phase (will be decreased during the REFD compaction process)
- finalFricDegree = 35 # contact friction during the deviatoric loading
- rate=0.02 # loading rate (strain rate)
- damp=0.2 # damping coefficient
- stabilityThreshold=0.01
- key='_triax_base_' # simulation's name here
- young=2e6 # contact stiffness (initial value) =5e6
- mn,mx=Vector3(0,0,0),Vector3(0.01,0.01,0.01) # corners of the initial packing
- thick = 0.01 # l'épaisseur des plaques
- ## créer les matériaux pour les sphères et plaques
- O.materials.append(FrictMat(young=young,poisson=0.3,frictionAngle=radians(compFricDegree),density=3000,label='spheres'))
- O.materials.append(FrictMat(young=young,poisson=0.5,frictionAngle=0,density=0,label='walls'))
- ## create walls around the packing
- walls=utils.aabbWalls([mn,mx],thickness=thick,material='walls')
- wallIds=O.bodies.append(walls)
- ## use a SpherePack object to generate a random loose particles packing
- sp=pack.SpherePack()
- clumps=False #turn this true for the same example with clumps / on utilisera cette methode dans l'avenir
- if clumps:
- ## approximate mean rad of the futur dense packing for latter use
- volume = (mx[0]-mn[0])*(mx[1]-mn[1])*(mx[2]-mn[2])
- mean_rad = pow(0.09*volume/num_spheres,0.3333)
- ## define a unique clump type (we could have many, see clumpCloud documentation)
- c1=pack.SpherePack([((-0.2*mean_rad,0,0),0.5*mean_rad),((0.2*mean_rad,0,0),0.5*mean_rad)])
- ## generate positions and input them in the simulation
- sp.makeClumpCloud(mn,mx,[c1],periodic=False)
- sp.toSimulation(material='spheres')
- else:
- sp.makeCloud(mn,mx,-1,0.3333,num_spheres,False, 0.95)
- O.bodies.append([utils.sphere(center,rad,material='spheres') for center,rad in sp])
- #or alternatively (higher level function doing exactly the same):
- #sp.toSimulation(material='spheres')
- ############################
- ### DEFINING ENGINES ###
- ############################
- triax=ThreeDTriaxialEngine(
- maxMultiplier=1.+2e4/young, # spheres growing factor (fast growth)
- finalMaxMultiplier=1.+2e3/young, # spheres growing factor (slow growth)
- thickness = thick,
- stressControl_1 = False, #switch stress/strain control
- # strainControl_1 = True, temporary switch off because I have no idea what it is about.
- stressControl_2 = False,
- stressControl_3 = False,
- ## The stress used for (isotropic) internal compaction
- sigma_iso = 100000, # Pa
- ## Independant stress values for anisotropic loadings
- sigma1=300000, # to create the q=s11-s33=200kPa=200000
- sigma2=100000,
- sigma3=100000,
- internalCompaction=True, # The confining pressure is generated by growing particles !!!!!!!!!
- Key=key, # passed to the engine so that the output file will have the correct name
- )
- newton=NewtonIntegrator(damping=damp)
- O.engines=[
- ForceResetter(),
- InsertionSortCollider([Bo1_Sphere_Aabb(),Bo1_Box_Aabb()]),
- InteractionLoop(
- [Ig2_Sphere_Sphere_ScGeom(),Ig2_Box_Sphere_ScGeom()],
- [Ip2_FrictMat_FrictMat_FrictPhys()],
- [Law2_ScGeom_FrictPhys_CundallStrack()]
- ),
- GlobalStiffnessTimeStepper(active=1,timeStepUpdateInterval=100,timestepSafetyCoefficient=0.8),
- triax,
- TriaxialStateRecorder(iterPeriod=100,file='WallStresses'+key),
- newton
- ]
- #Display spheres with 2 colors for seeing rotations better
- Gl1_Sphere.stripes=0
- if nRead==0: yade.qt.Controller(), yade.qt.View()
- #######################################
- ### APPLYING CONFINING PRESSURE ###
- #######################################
- while 1:
- O.run(1000, True)
- ##the global unbalanced force on dynamic bodies, thus excluding boundaries, which are not at equilibrium
- unb=unbalancedForce()
- ##average stress
- ##note: triax.stress(k) returns a stress vector, so we need to keep only the normal component
- meanS=(triax.stress(triax.wall_right_id)[0]+triax.stress(triax.wall_top_id)[1]+triax.stress(triax.wall_front_id)[2])/3
- print 'unbalanced force:',unb,' mean stress: ',meanS
- if unb<stabilityThreshold and abs(meanS-triax.sigma_iso)/triax.sigma_iso<0.001:
- break
- O.save('confinedState'+key+'.yade.gz')
- print "### Isotropic state saved ###"
- ###################################################
- ### REACHING A SPECIFIED POROSITY PRECISELY ###
- ###################################################
- import sys #this is only for the flush() below
- while triax.porosity>targetPorosity:
- ## we decrease friction value and apply it to all the bodies and contacts
- compFricDegree = 0.95*compFricDegree
- setContactFriction(radians(compFricDegree))
- print "\r Friction: ",compFricDegree," porosity:",triax.porosity,
- sys.stdout.flush()
- ## while we run steps, triax will tend to grow particles as the packing
- ## keeps shrinking as a consequence of decreasing friction. Consequently
- ## porosity will decrease
- O.run(500,1)
- O.save('compactedState'+key+'.yade.gz')
- print "### Compacted state saved ###"
- ##############################
- ### DEVIATORIC LOADING ###
- ##############################
- ## Deviatoric loading, turn internal compaction off to keep particles sizes constant
- triax.internalCompaction=False
- ## Change contact friction (remember that decreasing it would generate instantaneous instabilities)
- triax.setContactProperties(finalFricDegree)
- ##set independant stress control on each axis
- triax.stressControl_1=triax.stressControl_2=triax.stressControl_3=True
- ## We turn all these flags true, else boundaries will be fixed
- triax.wall_bottom_activated=True
- triax.wall_top_activated=True
- triax.wall_left_activated=True
- triax.wall_right_activated=True
- triax.wall_back_activated=True
- triax.wall_front_activated=True
- ##If we want a triaxial loading at imposed strain rate, let's assign srain rate instead of stress
- triax.stressControl_2=0 #we are tired of typing "True" and "False", we use implicit conversion from integer to boolean
- triax.strainRate2=rate
- triax.strainRate1=100*rate
- triax.strainRate3=100*rate
- ## Damping (initial value = 0.1)
- newton.damping=0.5
- ##Save temporary state in live memory. This state will be reloaded from the interface with the "reload" button.
- O.saveTmp()
- ###########################
- ### Plot Data ###
- ###########################
- from yade import plot
- ### a function saving variables
- def history():
- plot.addData(e11=triax.strain[0], e22=triax.strain[1], e33=triax.strain[2],
- ev=-triax.strain[0]-triax.strain[1]-triax.strain[2],
- s11=triax.stress(triax.wall_right_id)[0],
- s22=triax.stress(triax.wall_top_id)[1],
- s33=triax.stress(triax.wall_front_id)[2],
- q=triax.stress(triax.wall_right_id)[0]-triax.stress(triax.wall_front_id)[2],
- i=O.iter)
- if 1:
- ## include a periodic engine calling that function in the simulation loop
- O.engines=O.engines[0:5]+[PyRunner(iterPeriod=20,command='history()',label='recorder')]+O.engines[5:7]
- ##O.engines.insert(4,PyRunner(iterPeriod=20,command='history()',label='recorder'))
- else:
- ## With the line above, we are recording some variables twice. We could in fact replace the previous
- ## TriaxialRecorder
- ## by our periodic engine. Uncomment the following line:
- O.engines[4]=PyRunner(iterPeriod=20,command='history()',label='recorder')
- O.run(100,True)
- ### plot 1
- # plot.plots={'i':('e11','e22','e33',None,'s11','s22','s33')}
- ### the traditional triaxial curves
- # plot.plots={'e11':('q')}
- plot.plots={'e11':('ev')}
- ## display on the screen
- plot.plot()
- ##### PLAY THE SIMULATION HERE WITH "PLAY" BUTTON OR WITH THE COMMAND O.run(N) #####
- ## In that case we can still save the data to a text file at the the end of the simulation, with:
- #plot.saveDataTxt('results'+key)
- ##or even generate a script for gnuplot. Open another terminal and type "gnuplot plotScriptKEY.gnuplot:
- #plot.saveGnuplot('plotScript'+key)
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