2019-10-28 Saturday: 5 Travel

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes.
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Homework: 3-4 test
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Find someone who… ...fly / in a hot air balloon
	-> Find someone who has flown in a hot air balloon.
	Ask: “Have you flown in a hot air balloon?”
Stand up and ask each other yes/no questions.
If someone says “yes”, write their name and ask for more information.
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fly - flown
go - gone
eat - eaten
ride - ridden
see - seen
win - won
meet - met
read - read
fall - fallen
make - made
buy - bought
send - sent
run - run
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p. 58 part 1 - Listen and choose the correct information.
1 almost 2000 miles
2 Gabon
3 working on a project
4 on foot and by boat
5 fifteen months
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part 2 - Read “Walking for wildlife” and decide which questions go with each paragraph.
1 d
2 b
3 a
4 c
5 e
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What tense is used in paragraph 2? Why?
- Present perfect, because these are things that started in the past but can happen more in the future.
What tense is used mostly in paragraph 3? Why?
- Simple past, because these are specific finished actions that happened once.
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Grammar: present perfect vs. simple past

present perfect = actions that happened (or didn’t) in the past, and could happen more now or in the future
simple past = actions that happened (or didn’t) at a specific time in the past, and can’t happen more (in that time)

I went to Thailand last November.
	- I cannot go again last November.
I have been to Thailand.
	- This doesn’t mention a specific time, and I can go again in the future.

I had one cup of coffee today. = I don’t plan to have any more coffee.
I have had one cup of coffee today. = I think I might have more coffee.

Every Saturday, by the time I start teaching I have already eaten breakfast.
Last Saturday, by the time I started teaching, I had already eaten breakfast.
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p. 59 part 7 - Complete the paragraph with the simple past or present perfect of each verb.
1 have also flown
2 has done
3 once spent
4 didn’t have
5 filled (“that journey” is the completed 11 months on the Pacific coast)
6 has used (“over the years” means his whole life)
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Many adverbs (e.g. also, always, probably, certainly) go before the main verb but after the first helping verb if there are helping verbs. “be” is always a helping verb
“In January, I am also going to have been teaching here for 7 years.”
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part 9 - Which tense can we use with the words in the box?
Present perfect: already, since, so far, this month, for, in the last ten years, once
Simple past: in 2009, last summer, yesterday, for, a few years ago, once, (this month - for finished things)
I have lived in Boston for almost 12 years. = I still live in Boston.
I lived in Mexico for one year. = I don’t live in Mexico any more.
I have been to Thailand once. = This has happened one time in my life (and could happen more).
Once, I spent three weeks in Thailand. = This happened at one specific time in the past.
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BREAK
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p. 59 part 10 - Complete the sentences so they’re true about you, then compare with your partner.
1 I’ve improved my English a lot in the last year.
2 I’ve lived in Boston for six months.
3 I’ve eaten many times.
4 I’ve already spent all my money this month.
5 I had a great vacation three months ago.
6 I once worked in a restaurant for nine months.
7 I ate sushi at lunchtime.
8 After I left school, I went to the bathroom. (After leaving on a particular day.)
  After I left school, I got a job. (After finishing forever.)
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I ate sushi at lunchtime. = I had sushi for lunch on one particular day.
I have eaten sushi at lunchtime. = Some time in the past my lunch was sushi.

I visited Florida on Christmas. = Last Christmas I went to Florida.
I have visited Florida on Christmas. = Christmas in Florida is an experience I have had in my life.
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https://www.wunderground.com/weather/us/ma/boston
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p. 60 - Where do you think these pictures were taken?
A: NYC, Japan, Chicago, Toronto, Dubai, Singapore, Colombia Hong Kong
B: South Africa, France, Australia, Peru, Cozumel Ireland
C: India
D: Thailand, Egypt, Peru, Vietnam, Colombia Indonesia (Bali)
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part 1 - Where in the world can you find each of these things? (Use a dictionary if you and your partner don’t know what an expression means.)
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Read the text. What different kinds of vacation are described?
1 cruises
2 safaris
3 bush camps
4 cultural tours
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Grammar: present perfect continuous

Form: have/has + been + verb(ing)
	Vacationers have been looking for a different experience.
	Interest in China has been growing.

Meaning: action that started in the past and continues in the present
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Sometimes this is the same meaning that present perfect has:
	I have lived in Boston since 2008. = I have been living in Boston since 2008.
	(I call these “long actions”, because they always continue for a long time.)
Sometimes the meaning is different (with “medium” and “short” actions):
	I have read three books this month. = I finished each book (but I might read another one).
	I have been reading three books this month. = I’m still in the middle of all three books.
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I’m thinking about moving.
I’ve been thinking about moving.
- Both of these mean I’m still thinking now, but present perfect emphasizes that this isn’t a new idea.
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how many times? = present perfect
how much time/how long? = present perfect continuous
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p. 61 part 8 - Match the activities and write sentences.
1 e - We’ve been tracking elephants today and we’ve taken some amazing photos.
2 a - I’ve been lying by the pool and I’ve finished my book.
3 b - I have been looking for a cheap deal, but I haven’t found one.
4 c - We’ve been touring European cities and we’ve seen dozens of churches.
5 f - We’ve been following the coastal path and we have walked ten miles.
6 d - I’ve been visiting local markets and I’ve spent a fortune.
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p. 65 part 2a - Can you find examples of these things in the postcard?
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Homework this week:

Write a postcard from a real or imaginary vacation. You can use the example on p. 65 for reference. Try to use grammar and vocabulary from this unit.
Read p. 75 and do parts 3, 4, and 5 on p. 74
Next week's topic is food, and it's the last class of this session. If you want, you should bring some snack food from your country to share with the class. (The school usually doesn't have extra plates, forks, etc. If your food requires anything more than hands, you should bring it with you.)