Apocalypse Survival Guide v.0.3.1

This guide will cover the following topics:

-Nuclear war
-Anarchy, riot
-Vulcanoe eruption
-Earthquakes
-Conventional war
-Hurricane
-Flood
-Alien invasion
-Meteor impact
-Surviving in a lawless "society"
-Surviving in rural areas
-General bugout bag advise
-The aftermath/restarting civilization/living in a pre-industrial civilization

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General Bugout Bag advise:

-Try to remain as light as possible. You will need to run sometimes
-Prepare several canisters of fuel for your car beforehand

Have:
-A full-tang knife
-Food / Water unless you are able to create it yourself
-A way to filter water if you plan to be outside long (either iodine or a mechanical water-filter)
-A fire starter
-A weapon to hunt and defend yourself
-A multitool
-A map of your local area
-Cutlery for if you plan to salvage food and drinks
-Sleeping equipment
-A hand-cranked flashlight
-Rope
-First aid
-Durable, waterpoof boots
-A compass
-If you plan to go with friends, include a way to contact eachother (either a whistle or radios or something like that)
-Wear thick clothing for the winter, you won't be able to get new clothing for a long time

Optionally:
-Shovel
-Axe (with flat back)
-Saw

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Nuclear War:

-When you know that trouble is underway, leave big cities!
-Try to obtain a hand-cranked emergency radio and put it in a faraday cage before the detonation
-Cover all your supplies with plastic sheeting, seal the doors and windows with duct tape if you decide to stay
-An ABC gasmask protects you from alpha and beta ray contaminated dust particles and air.
-An ABC suit protects the body solely from alpha and beta radiation

In the even of a nuclear detonation:

Basics:

-Avoid blast
-Avoid heat
-Avoid radiation

First few minutes:

-Head for cover
-Start counting
-Do not look towards the blast
-Head for basement
-Stay away from glass
-Wait until you hear the bang, then wait another minute for the blastwave to pass over

-A microwave can be used as a faraday cage and protects valuable electronic devices from the following electro-magnetic pulse
-Close and lock all of your doors/windows
-If you are 30 miles from ground zero, while the wind blows at 10 miles/hour you have estimately 3 hours before fallout arrives, if the bomb is 20 kt large, at 25MT bomb, your time is cut down to 30 minutes

After the detonation:

!-You must stay inside about 7 days if you are in an affected area until leaving the shelter-!

-Remember to wear eye-protection
-Use a respirator if possible
-Check to see if your car starts
-Try to stay away from open areas
-Pay attention to windspeed and direction
-Avoid interstates/highways/main roads when fleeing

Rule of Threes:

You cannot survive-
>three minutes without air
>three hours without shelter
>three days without water
>three weeks without food

-Prepare to have half a gallon of clean, unradiated water per day per person for 10 days (or more)
-All food in sealed containers is safe
-Try to use different clothing for outdoors and for indoors (rubber clothing would be best suited for outdoors)
-Cover all items with plastic to avoid contamination
-Avoid contact with radiated objects (that includes vegetation)

How to tell the approx. yield of the blast:
The yield can be determined by the duration of the 'Intense Flash'

1-3 Sec = 20KT or less
3-7 Sec = 20KT to 125KT
7-10 Sec = 125KT to 250KT
10-20 Sec = 250KT to 1MT
30 Sec = 2MT
45 Sec = 25MT

Origins of bombs:

<20KT = Terrorist, N. Korea, Iran, Rouge state
125 to ~300KT = Russian SLBM or ICBM
3-5MT Chinese SLBM or ICBM
20+ MT = Possible russian or Probable Chinese

How to tell the distance to the nuclear blast:
Note the time between the flash and the bang

24 Sec = 5 Miles / 8 km
47 Sec = 10 miles / 16 km
71 Sec = 15 miles / 24 km
95 Sec = 20 miles / 32 km
119 Sec = 25 miles / 40 km
142 Sec = 30 miles / 48 km
166 Sec = 35 miles / 56 km
190 Sec = 40 miles / 64 km

-Most nuclear blasts can be heard over 100 miles away
-The larger the bomb, the less time the bang needs to travel (5-10 seconds variety)
-If a bomb is detonating above ground level, there is incredibly less fallout, if it is detonated on the ground, the dust it raises is contaminated and being carried away by wind

How to know if a bomb was an airburst or a ground-detonation:

Look at the mushroom cloud. Notice the stem, if it's lighter than the cloud, or even broken, it was most likely an airburst.
If the head of the cloud is very dark and the stem is very thick, it was a surface-burst.

Types of Radiation:

Alpha
-Stopped by a sheet of paper
-Only dangerous if inhaled or ingested

Beta
-Stopped by clothing
-Dangerous if inhaled or ingested
-Can burn skin

Gamma
-Highly penetrating

-Radiation will be reduced by 1/10th at every 7 hour interval
-Each .4" layer of lead will decrease the radiation by a half

Halving Thicknesses of different materials:

Lead: .4"
Steel: 1"
Concrete: 2.4"
Dirt: 3.6"
Water: 7.2"
Wood: 11"
Air: 6000"

-The more shielding you have, the less radiation you will receive
-Gamma rays allways move in straight lines, so craft your entrance at a 90° angle to the outside

Signs and symptoms of radiation sickness:

Mild exposure (1-2 Gy):

Nausea and vomiting within 6 hours
Weakness, fatigue within 4 weeks

Moderate exposure (2-6 Gy):

Nausea and vomiting within 2 hours
Diarrhea within 8 hours
Headache within 24 hours
Fever within 3 hours
Weakness, fatigue within 1-4 weeks
Hair loss, bloody vomit and stools, infections, poor wound healing, low blood pressure within 1-4 weeks
20% mortality rate

Severe exposure (6-9 Gy):

Nausea and vomiting within 1 hour
Diarrhea within 3 hours
Headache within 4 hours
Fever within 1 hour
Dizziness and disorientation within 1 week
Weakness, fatigue within 1 week
Hair loss, bloody vomit and stools, infections, poor wound healing, low blood pressure within 1 week
60-100% Mortality rate

Very severe exposure (10 Gy or higher):

Nausea and vomiting within 10 minutes
Diarrhea within 1 hour
Headache within 2 hours
Fever within 1 hour
Dizziness and disorientation immediately
Weakness, fatigue immediately
Hair loss, bloody vomit and stools, infections, poor wound healing, low blood pressure immediately
100% Mortality rate

-To avoid a beta radiation infection and damage to the thyroid by Iodine 131, get Potassium Iodite (KI):
Ingestion: 1 Tablet (130 mg) per day for an adult, 1/2 tablet per day for people under 18/under 150lbs, 1/4 tablet for infants dissolved in milk/water
-The half-life of iodine 131 is 8 days
-Try to ingest the potassium iodite before being exposed to radiation

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