function encode_backticks_in_esc_url( $cleaned_url, $original_url, $context ) {
    if ( 'display' !== $context ) {
        return $cleaned_url;
    }

    $url = str_replace( '`', '`', $original_url );

    remove_filter( 'clean_url', __FUNCTION__, 10, 3 );

    $cleaned_url = esc_url( $url );

    add_filter( 'clean_url', __FUNCTION__, 10, 3 );

    return $cleaned_url;
}
add_filter( 'clean_url', 'encode_backticks_in_esc_url', 10, 3 );