Start learning things in following order:
- voltage, current - what they are and how they differ?
- Ohm's law
- Kirchhoff (however it was spelled) voltage and current law
  ! control point: how does voltage divider work? why can't we use it to lower supply voltage?
- Thevenin and Norton theorem (optional)
- how does capacitor work?
- how RC filters work?
- inductor - compare it with capacitor
- impedance - what is it, how to calculate it (important)
- active components - diode
  - what is forward voltage drop?
  - how does zener diode work?
  - how to use LED properly?
- transistors - how does bipolar junction transistor work? what does it do with current? what with voltage?
- simple amplifiers with use of transistor
- power supplying using LM7805 (LM78xx family) and using LM317
- build simplest LED blinker with 2 LED, 2 capacitors, 2 transistors and resistors a few (schematic is widely available as LED blinker)


At this point you may decide to go either analog or digital way (or both):
Analog:
- more elaborate transistor amplifiers
- operational amplifiers - how do they work? get to understand their properties
- how to use operational amplifiers
- generators, filters and so on
At some point you're going to know what to do next.

Digital:
- learn about what is high logic, low logic, TTL, logic levels...
- what are logic gates, what do they do? (how do they do it is not essential, but if you look at their guts and you understand it, then better for you)
- either more elaborate logic circuits or just go for microcontrollers
- microcontrollers: you can start from AVR: make USBasp programmer first, use LPT port programmer to program your first Atmega
- learn a bit of programming in C - it might just be on your machine, not for microcontrollers
- in programming, get particularly familiar with use of pointers, then maybe some easy data structures (lists, stacks...)
- learn to use basic peripherals (ADC - Analog/Digital Converter, PWM - Pulse Width Modulation)
- learn how to communicate between AVR and other devices
You should now know what to do next.


Inbetween, you will get to know how to read circuits and bring them in life. You should also get to know how to find and read datasheets; that won't come on it's own. You will need curiosity. While reading about transistors, read BC547 and 2N3055 datasheet. While reading about supplies, read 7805 and LM317 datasheet. While reading about opamps, read (now there's a wide choice) LM324, OP72, LM358... And so on.