#include <stdio.h>  // fprintf
#include <stdlib.h> // malloc
#include <string.h> // strlen
#include <ctype.h>  // toupper, tolower

/*
 * a string is an array of characters, in C, all arrays
 * are always passed never passed value, always a pointer to
 * the variable
 * This is why the caller does not need to call the function like:
 * camel_case_rev(src, &dest, len)
 *
 * Since here the array of characters ("a string") is already being
 * passed as a pointer value
 */
void str_case_rev(const char *src, char *dest, size_t len)
{
        size_t i = 0;

        for(; i < len; i++)
        {
                if(src[i] <= 'Z' && src[i] >= 'A')
                {
                        *(dest + i) = (char)tolower((int)src[i]);
                }
                else if(src[i] <= 'z' && src[i] >= 'a')
                {
                        *(dest + i) = (char)toupper((int)src[i]);
                }
                else
                {
                        *(dest + i) = src[i];
                }
        }

        i++;
        *(dest + i) = '';
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        if(argc < 2)
        {
                fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <string>n", argv[0]);
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
        }

        char *dest = NULL;

        size_t len = strlen(argv[1]);

        dest = malloc(len + 1);

        if(NULL == dest)
        {
                fprintf(stderr, "Memory errorn");
                return EXIT_FAILURE;
        }

        str_case_rev(argv[1], dest, len);

        fprintf(stdout, "%sn", dest);

        free(dest);

        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

static const char convert[] = {
                          0, 1 ,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
                          ....
                          /* The character code for 'A' 65 replace with 'a' 97 */

                          62, 63, 64, 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd',
                          ....
                          /* The character code for 'a' 97 replace with 65 'A' */
                          94, 95, 96, 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D',

                          ....
                          248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255};

 void str_case_rev(const unsigned char *src, char *dest, size_t len)
 {
     for(; i < len; i++)
     {
         dest[len] = convert[src[len]];
     }
     dest[len] = '';
 }