James H Kunstler dissects suburbia (transcript)

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the immersive ugliness

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of our everyday environment in america

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is up

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entropy

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made visible

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we can't overestimate

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the amount of despair that we are
generating

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with places like this

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mostly i want to persuade you

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that we have to do better

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if we're going to continue the project
of civilization in america

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by the way that this doesn't help

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nobody's having a better day down here

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because of that

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there a lot of ways you can describe
that's you know uh...

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i'd like to call the national automobile
salaam because suburban sprawl

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i think it's appropriate to call it the
greatest

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miss allocation of resources in the
history of the world

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you can call it a

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techno says externality cluster fuck

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and it's a tremendous problem for us

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the outstanding the salient problem
about this

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is that these are places

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that are not worth caring about

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we're going to talk about that some more

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a sense of place

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your ability

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to create places that are meaningful

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and places of quality and character
depends entirely on your ability

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to define space

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with buildings and to employ the
vocabulary is

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grammars

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sin taxes rhythms and patterns

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of architecture

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in order to inform us who we are

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that public

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rayl

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in america

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has two worlds

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it is the door welling place of our

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uh... civilization in our civic lies

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and it is the physical manifestation of
the common good

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and when you degrade the public realm
you will automatically

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degrade the quality

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of your civic life

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and the character of all the enactments

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of your public life and communal like to
take place

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the dot

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the public realm comes mostly in the
form of the street

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in america because we don't have

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the thousand-year-old cathedral plazas
in market squares of older cultures

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and uh...

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your ability to define space into create
places that are worth

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caring about

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all comes from a body of culture that we
call them

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the culture of civic design

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this is a body of knowledge

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methods steel and principal

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that we

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throwing up garbage

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after world war two and decided we don't
need that anymore

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we're not going to use it

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and consequently

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we can see the result all around us

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the public realm has to inform us not
only where we are geographically

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but has to inform us where we are

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in our culture

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where we've come from

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what kind of people we are

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and it needs to a fraud by doing that

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it needs to of four das blimps

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to where we're going

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in order to allow us

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to do well

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in a hopeful present

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and if there is one tremendous if there
is one great catastrophe

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about the places that we've built

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the human environments we made for
ourselves

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and lasted two years

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it is a is that it has deprived us

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of the ability to live without your
hopeful

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present

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xeon violence in their living in more
typically

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are like these

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if this had to be the asteroid belt of
architectural garbage

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two miles north of my town

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yet remember

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to create a place of character and
quality you have to be able to define

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space ohio that being accomplished here
if you stand on the april though

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wal-mart over here

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and try to look at the target store over
here

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you can see it because of the curvature
of the earth

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that's nature's way of telling you that
you're doing a poor job

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of defining space

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consequently these will be places that
nobody wants to be in

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by these will be places that are not
worth it

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caring about

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we have about you know thirty eight
thousand places that are not worth

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caring about the united states today

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when we have enough of them

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we're going to have a nation

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that's not worth defending

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and i want you to think about that

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when you think about those young men and
women who are over in places like a rock

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spilling their blood in the sand

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and ask yourself what is their last fob
hahaha lol

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my hope it's not the current cut

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between the chucky cheese

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and the target store

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'cause that's not good enough for
americans

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to be still in your blood for

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we need better places in this country

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public space

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too good public space

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someplace with caring about is
well-defined it is in fabric late

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and outdoor public room

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it has something that is terribly
important

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it has what's called an ac

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active impermeable membrane around the
edge that's a fancy way of saying

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it's got shops

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bars bistros destinations

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things go hand in out of it

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it's permeable though would be ear goes
in and out the waitresses go in and out

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and that activates the center

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of this place and makes it a place if
you want to hang out at

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you know we in these places in in the
other cultures

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dot people just go there voluntarily

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cause they like that

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you know we don't have to have a craft
fair here to get people to come here

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you know you know that a kwanza festival

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people just blown

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because as pleasurable to be that

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but this is how we do it in the united
states probably the most significant

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public space failure in america designed
by the

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leading architects of the day

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harry cobb i_m_ pei

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boson city hall plaza

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say public place

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so dismal but the white house don't even
want to go there

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and we can fix it because i i am peso
login every year harvard and m_i_t_ have

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a jury committee to repair it

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and every year they fail to be too they
don't want to her died and his feelings

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this is the other side of the building

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this is the winner of an international
design award

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and i don't know if you sixty-six some
like that

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that it wasn't inkatha another from
designers but

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there's not enough prozac in the world

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to make people feel okay

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about going down this block

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this in the back of boston city hall

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the most important in a significant city
building albany

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it sees me and in boston

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and what is the message that is coming
one of the vocabularies and grammars

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that are coming from this

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building

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and where how is it informing us about
who we are this in fact would be a

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better building if we put mosaic
portrait ps

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of joseph stalin

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pol pot

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pops out of the same

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and all the other great guest spots of
the twentieth century on the side of the

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building

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prevent we honestly be saying what the
building is really communicating to us

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you know it's a despotic building

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it wants us to feel like termites

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this is it on a smaller scale

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the back of the city of the civic center
in my chance out of his brings new york

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are by the way when i show this

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last slide to group of the

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call one e ins and mike m

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that all rosen indignation from their
creamed chicken

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they shouted at me and said

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uh... it was raining that day when you
get that picture

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because this is perceived to be a
weather problem

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you know this is a building divided
designed like a dvd player

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audio jack

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power supply

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let you know these things are important
architectural jobs for firms right now

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we hire firms

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to design the things you can see exactly
what went on

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three o'clock in the morning of the
design meeting you know

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e hours before deadline

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for architects and try to get his
building in on time right

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they're sitting there idle on the board
room table with although

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the drawings of the renderings

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and all the chinese food caskets are
lying on the table

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no i mean what was a conversation i was
going on there

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because you know what the last word was
with the lessons was of that meeting it

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was

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got that is the message of is out this
form

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of architecture

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the messages that we don't give a fuck

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we don't give a fuck

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so i went back on the night is day the
year just to check you know it's a

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reality testing

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and in fact

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he will not even go down there because

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is not interesting enough for his
client's though you know the burglars

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that

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the the muggers

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it's not cynically

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really rich enough for them to go down
there

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the pattern of main street u_s_a_ in
fact

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this pattern of building downtown blocks
all over the world is fairly universal

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it's not that complicated

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buildings more than one story high

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with built up to the sidewalk ads

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so that

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people

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who argued all kinds of people can get
into the building

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other activities are allowed to occur
ops tears you know

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do apartment offices and so on

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you make provisions for the second he
called

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shopping

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on the ground floor

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they have learned that monterey if you
go out to be

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the corner right at the main
intersection writing for in this

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conference center you'll see under
section four blank walls on every corner

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if he really gravel

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this is how you compose and assemble a
downtown business building

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and this is what happened when in glens
falls new york when we tried to do it

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again where was missing right

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so the first thing they do is they pop
up the retail i have a story about

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grades

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to make it supported

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that completely destroys the
relationship between the business and

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the sidewalk

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where the theoretical pedestrians are

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they'll never be there

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as long as the meditation

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then because the red-blooded the
relationship between the retail as the

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strike

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we pop we are popeye handicapped ramp on
that

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and then to make ourselves feel better
we put a major band-aid in front of it

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and that so we do it

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cargo later than it is because there's a
general got

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idea in america

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that being the remedy for for me related
organism

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is nature

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and in fact the remedy for wounded in
mutilated urbanism

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is good organism

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good buildings

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not just flower beds not just cartoons
of the sierra nevada mountains

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you know nat that's not good if we have
to do good buildings

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the street trees

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had really four jobs to do and that's it

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to spatially denote the pedestrian realm

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protected pedestrians from the vehicles
in the carriageway

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to still through the sunlight onto the
sidewalk

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and to soften the hard scape of the
buildings and to create a feeling of

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altered ceiling of the street at its
best

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and that that's it those of the four
jobs of the

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the

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street trees

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if you're not supposed to be a cartoon
of the northwoods

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they're not supposed to be a set for the
national to the

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job

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uh... last of the most weekends

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one of that one of the problems with the
fiasco of suburbia visited destroyed our

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uh... understanding of the jazz do the
distinction between the country

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and the town between oregon in the rural

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you're not the same thing

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and we're not going to cure the problems
of the earlier been by dragging the

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country into the city

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which is what a lot of us try to do a
long-time yet unit in a small scale the

266
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mother ship has landed

267
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r_ two-d_ two ncp three oh

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have stepped out

269
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to test the bark mulch to see if they
can have inhabit this planet

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a lot of has comes from the fact that
the industrial city in america was such

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a trauma

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that we develop this tremendous aversion
to the whole idea of the city city life

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and everything connected with it

274
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and self what you see fairly early in
the you know they were in the

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00:12:58,509 --> 00:12:59,370
mid-nineteenth century

276
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is this idea that we now have to have a
remnant an end to go to the industrial

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00:13:03,110 --> 00:13:06,290
city which is going to be like in the
country for everybody

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and that starts to be delivered in the
form of the

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00:13:08,819 --> 00:13:10,560
with the railroads suburb

280
00:13:10,560 --> 00:13:15,220
the country villa along the railroad
line which allows people to enjoy the

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amenity the city

282
00:13:16,200 --> 00:13:20,070
but you return to the countryside every
night and believe me there were no

283
00:13:20,070 --> 00:13:21,940
wal-mart's our convenience stores out
there then

284
00:13:21,940 --> 00:13:25,260
so it really was a form of country
living but what happens is of course

285
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it mutates over the next eighty years

286
00:13:27,720 --> 00:13:30,230
and it turns into something rather
insidious

287
00:13:30,230 --> 00:13:35,209
it becomes a cartoon of a country house
in a cartoon of the country and that's

288
00:13:35,209 --> 00:13:38,459
the great not articulated agony

289
00:13:38,459 --> 00:13:42,449
of suburbia and one of the reasons that
lends itself to ridicule

290
00:13:42,449 --> 00:13:44,720
because it hasn't delivered what has
been promising

291
00:13:44,720 --> 00:13:46,430
for half a century now

292
00:13:46,430 --> 00:13:48,060
you know that these are

293
00:13:48,060 --> 00:13:51,230
these are typically the kind of
dwellings we find there you know

294
00:13:51,230 --> 00:13:55,350
basically a house with nothing on the
side because of his house once to state

295
00:13:55,350 --> 00:13:56,020
emphatically

296
00:13:56,020 --> 00:13:59,450
by little cabin in the woods is nothing
on either side of the ad on the eyes on

297
00:13:59,450 --> 00:14:02,230
the side of my head i can say

298
00:14:02,230 --> 00:14:05,120
study guide is one last thing started a
half the front which is

299
00:14:05,120 --> 00:14:08,120
we really are the cartoon of the facade
of the house

300
00:14:08,120 --> 00:14:10,130
goes notice the porch yet

301
00:14:10,130 --> 00:14:14,540
and let the people live here are
munchkins

302
00:14:14,540 --> 00:14:19,040
nobody's going to be abusing that this
is really in fact the television

303
00:14:19,040 --> 00:14:22,540
broadcasting a show twenty four seven
called we're normal

304
00:14:22,540 --> 00:14:26,030
were normal were normal were normal were
normal were normal please respect us

305
00:14:26,030 --> 00:14:27,800
we're normal were normal were normal

306
00:14:27,800 --> 00:14:30,480
but we know what's going on in each
others you know we know that little

307
00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:33,950
skippy is loading is always you down
here

308
00:14:33,950 --> 00:14:37,090
getting ready for a home

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00:14:37,090 --> 00:14:40,650
we know that had their his sister had
there fourteen years old is

310
00:14:40,650 --> 00:14:44,010
is turning tricks up here to support her
drug habit

311
00:14:44,010 --> 00:14:47,130
because these places these habitats

312
00:14:47,130 --> 00:14:50,920
are inducing immense amounts of anxiety
and depression

313
00:14:50,920 --> 00:14:54,760
in children and they don't have a lot of
experience with medication

314
00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:57,380
so they take the first one that comes
along often

315
00:14:57,380 --> 00:15:00,090
these are not good enough for americans

316
00:15:00,090 --> 00:15:02,510
oddly in the schools were sending them
to

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00:15:02,510 --> 00:15:07,420
the hannibal lecter central school

318
00:15:07,420 --> 00:15:09,520
las vegas nevada

319
00:15:09,520 --> 00:15:10,510
real skull

320
00:15:10,510 --> 00:15:15,000
yeah but there's obviously a notion that
if you let the inmates of this thing out

321
00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:19,090
that they would snatch a motorist off
the street needed a liver

322
00:15:19,090 --> 00:15:22,260
tell every effort is made to keep them
within the

323
00:15:22,260 --> 00:15:23,760
the building

324
00:15:23,760 --> 00:15:29,990
notice that nature is present

325
00:15:29,990 --> 00:15:32,920
we're gonna have to change his behavior
whether we like it or not we are

326
00:15:32,920 --> 00:15:35,380
entering an ethical period of change

327
00:15:35,380 --> 00:15:36,540
in the world

328
00:15:36,540 --> 00:15:40,260
and certainly in america the period of
that will be characterized

329
00:15:40,260 --> 00:15:45,070
by the the end of the cheap or lira it
is going to change absolutely

330
00:15:45,070 --> 00:15:46,260
everything

331
00:15:46,260 --> 00:15:50,000
pre-sale process we have to go on too
long about this and i want

332
00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:50,719
accepted say

333
00:15:50,719 --> 00:15:52,769
there's not going to be a hydrogen
economy

334
00:15:52,769 --> 00:15:56,680
forget it's not going to happen but
we're going to have to do something else

335
00:15:56,680 --> 00:16:01,510
instead we're going to have to downscale
reefs cattle and resize

336
00:16:01,510 --> 00:16:02,540
berkshire late

337
00:16:02,540 --> 00:16:06,589
everything we do in this country and we
can't start soon enough to do it we're

338
00:16:06,589 --> 00:16:07,490
going to have

339
00:16:07,490 --> 00:16:10,390
we're going to have to live closer to
where we work we're going to pollute

340
00:16:10,390 --> 00:16:13,750
closure to each other we're going to
have to grow more food closer where we

341
00:16:13,750 --> 00:16:14,570
live

342
00:16:14,570 --> 00:16:18,470
about the injured at three thousand
miles caesar salad

343
00:16:18,470 --> 00:16:19,880
is coming to an end

344
00:16:19,880 --> 00:16:24,000
uh... we're going to have to we had a
railroad system that the bald galleons

345
00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:25,350
would be ashamed up

346
00:16:25,350 --> 00:16:27,490
we gotta do better than that

347
00:16:27,490 --> 00:16:30,500
that we should have started two days
before yesterday

348
00:16:30,500 --> 00:16:33,940
we are fortunate that the newer minister
were there

349
00:16:33,940 --> 00:16:37,870
for the last ten years excavating all
that information

350
00:16:37,870 --> 00:16:41,050
that was thrown in the garbage by our
parents' generation

351
00:16:41,050 --> 00:16:43,830
after world war two because we're going
to need it ever going to learn how to

352
00:16:43,830 --> 00:16:44,989
reconstruct towns

353
00:16:44,989 --> 00:16:46,730
we're going to need a get back

354
00:16:46,730 --> 00:16:50,980
this body of methodology in principle
and still

355
00:16:50,980 --> 00:16:53,899
in order to relearn how to compose

356
00:16:53,899 --> 00:16:59,329
meaningful places places that are
integral that allowed that are living

357
00:16:59,329 --> 00:16:59,970
organisms

358
00:16:59,970 --> 00:17:02,380
in the sense that they can save all the
organs

359
00:17:02,380 --> 00:17:08,250
of our civic life in our communal life
deployed in an integral fashion

360
00:17:08,250 --> 00:17:12,020
so that the other though the residences
makes sense

361
00:17:12,020 --> 00:17:14,209
deployed in relation to the places of
business

362
00:17:14,209 --> 00:17:17,819
of culture and of governance

363
00:17:17,819 --> 00:17:21,100
we're going to have to relearn what the
building blocks of these things are

364
00:17:21,100 --> 00:17:26,310
thestreet the block how to compose
public space that's both large and small

365
00:17:26,310 --> 00:17:27,420
the courtyard

366
00:17:27,420 --> 00:17:29,240
the civic square

367
00:17:29,240 --> 00:17:31,399
time and how to really make use

368
00:17:31,399 --> 00:17:33,350
of of this property

369
00:17:33,350 --> 00:17:38,010
we can see some of the first ideas for
retrofitting some of the

370
00:17:38,010 --> 00:17:39,659
catastrophic property that we have in
the

371
00:17:39,659 --> 00:17:41,419
america had the dead malls

372
00:17:41,419 --> 00:17:43,140
what are we going to do with them

373
00:17:43,140 --> 00:17:45,970
widening in point of fact most of them
are not going to make it they're not

374
00:17:45,970 --> 00:17:47,360
going to be retrofitted

375
00:17:47,360 --> 00:17:49,730
they're going to be that salvage yards
of the future

376
00:17:49,730 --> 00:17:53,250
some of them we're going to fix though
we're going to fix them by imposing back

377
00:17:53,250 --> 00:17:57,760
on them street unblock systems and
returning two d

378
00:17:57,760 --> 00:18:01,420
building lot as the normal increments of
development

379
00:18:01,420 --> 00:18:02,860
and if we're lucky

380
00:18:02,860 --> 00:18:07,700
the result will be redif applied town
centres and neighborhood centers

381
00:18:07,700 --> 00:18:10,550
in our existing towns and cities in by
the way

382
00:18:10,550 --> 00:18:13,279
are chosen cities are where they are and
ben

383
00:18:13,279 --> 00:18:18,030
grew where they work because they occupy
all the important sites

384
00:18:18,030 --> 00:18:21,270
baat and most of them are still going to
be there though the scale of them

385
00:18:21,270 --> 00:18:23,769
is probably going to be

386
00:18:23,769 --> 00:18:24,710
diminished

387
00:18:24,710 --> 00:18:26,210
we got a lot of work to do

388
00:18:26,210 --> 00:18:29,470
we're not going to be rescued by the
hyper car we're not going to be rescued

389
00:18:29,470 --> 00:18:32,559
by alternative fuels no amount

390
00:18:32,559 --> 00:18:34,740
or combination of alternative fuels

391
00:18:34,740 --> 00:18:37,750
is going to allow us to continue running
what were running

392
00:18:37,750 --> 00:18:39,200
the way we're running it

393
00:18:39,200 --> 00:18:43,870
we're going to have to do everything
very differently and america's not

394
00:18:43,870 --> 00:18:44,450
prepared

395
00:18:44,450 --> 00:18:46,040
we are sleepwalking

396
00:18:46,040 --> 00:18:47,250
into the future

397
00:18:47,250 --> 00:18:49,040
we're not ready for what's coming at us

398
00:18:49,040 --> 00:18:50,890
i so i urge you all

399
00:18:50,890 --> 00:18:52,710
to do what you can

400
00:18:52,710 --> 00:18:56,690
life in the really uh... is the
mid-twenties twenty-first century is

401
00:18:56,690 --> 00:18:57,870
going to be about

402
00:18:57,870 --> 00:18:59,340
living local like

403
00:18:59,340 --> 00:19:01,900
be prepared to be good neighbors

404
00:19:01,900 --> 00:19:07,190
be prepared to find it vocations that
heart make yourself that make you useful

405
00:19:07,190 --> 00:19:10,430
to your neighbors and your fellow
citizens were one final thanks

406
00:19:10,430 --> 00:19:12,560
cutting very disturbed about this for
years but

407
00:19:12,560 --> 00:19:15,650
i think it's particularly important in
this audience

408
00:19:15,650 --> 00:19:21,540
please please stop referring to
yourselves as consumers

409
00:19:21,540 --> 00:19:24,419
consumers are different than citizens

410
00:19:24,419 --> 00:19:27,600
consumers do not have a obligations

411
00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:28,960
responsibilities and duties

412
00:19:28,960 --> 00:19:31,090
to their fellow human beings

413
00:19:31,090 --> 00:19:34,360
and as long as you're using that word
consumer in the public discussion you

414
00:19:34,360 --> 00:19:35,610
will be degrading

415
00:19:35,610 --> 00:19:37,940
the quality of the the discussion we're
having

416
00:19:37,940 --> 00:19:41,940
and we're going to continue include list
going into this very difficult future

417
00:19:41,940 --> 00:19:44,100
that we face so thank you very much

418
00:19:44,100 --> 00:19:48,549
please go out and do what you can to
make this in land buffalo places they're

419
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:50,100
worth caring about

420
00:19:50,100 --> 00:19:52,130
and it and the nation that will be worth
defending