//lab 1

#!/usr/bin/perl
#

$file = $ARGV[0];   #takes in the command line argument

open(FH, $file) || die "Error - Could not open $file"; #opens the file or dies

@contents  = <FH>;

@words = format_input(@contents);

%wordcount = create_hash(@words);

@sorted_words = sort_words(%wordcount);

$average_length = average_length(@sorted_words);

output(@sorted_words, $average_length, $file);



#format_input
#
#splits the input file into different lines, converts the words to lowercase
#and returns a list of the words
sub format_input{
  foreach $L(@contents){
    chomp($L);              #perldoc -f chomp
    $L = lc($L);            #converts all the word to lower case for comparison
    $L =~ s/[[:punct:]]//g; #removes punctuation from the words
  }
  $text = "@contents"; #changes the list of lines into one big string
  @words = split(/ /, $text); #splits the string up by each word
  return @words;
}

#create_hash
#
#associates the list of words with a list of counts that counts how many times
#each word appears.
#
#
sub create_hash{
  foreach $L(@words){       #for each word determines if it is unique or not
    if($wordcount{$L}==0){  #counts each word
      $wordcount{$L}++;
    }
    else{$wordcount{$L}++;}
  }
  $wordcount{""}=0;         #changes the count of the blankspaces to zero
  return %wordcount;        #quick fix for not counting blankspaces in the hash
                            #could just use regex here...
}

sub sort_words{             #uses perl's built in sort function to sort the hash
  @sorted_words = sort { $wordcount{$b} <=> $wordcount{$a}  } keys %wordcount;
  return @sorted_words;     #sorts the hash by value (count of each word)
}

#average_length
#
#finds the average length of each word by taking the length of each
#element of the list and then dividing by the total length of the list
#

sub average_length{
  foreach $L(@sorted_words){
    $count += length $L;
  }
  $average_length = ($count/(scalar @sorted_words));
  return $average_length;
}

#Nicely formatted output for the assignment
#
#
sub output{
  print "An analysis of $file:\n------------------------------------------\n";
  print "There are ".scalar(@sorted_words)." unique words in the file.\n\n";
  print "The average length of each word is $average_length\n\n";
  print "The 5 most common words are:\n";
  for($i=0;$i<5;$i++){
    print "\"@sorted_words[$i]\" occured $wordcount{@sorted_words[$i]} times.\n";
  }
  print "-------------------------------------------\n";
}
close(FH);

#!/usr/bin/perl
#
#game_guess.pl
#

#check_guess
#
#makes sure that the guess is a valid guess
#i.e. that the guess is between 0..10
sub check_guess{
  @bin = (0 .. 10);  #bin of possible guesses
  $guessd = @_[0];
  $flag = ($guessd ~~ @bin);
  while($flag < 1){   #asks the user for another guess
    print "I don't have that many fingers...guess again:\n";
    $guessd = <>;     #won't count guesses out of range in total guess
    $flag = ($guessd ~~ @bin);
  }
  $flag = 0;
  return $guessd;
}

$secret = int(rand(11));  #randomly picks the number of fingers
$count = 0;               #behind back


do {print "How many fingers am I holding behind my back?\n";
  $guess = <>;
  $guess = check_guess($guess);
  if($guess > $secret){
    print "Your guess is too high\n";
  }
  elsif($guess < $secret){
    print "Your guess is too low\n";
  }
  $count++;

  if(($count % 5)==0){      #after every 5 guesses, randomly picks a new integer
    $secret = int(rand(11));
  }

} while($guess != $secret);

#congratulatory message after you are right
print "Correct! I was holding $secret fingers behind my back, it took you $count tries to guess though!\n";

#!/usr/bin/perl
#Takes in your name as a command line argument.  Prints out your name
#and counts the number of characters in your name
#
#Reverses all the characters in your name
#Prints your initials
#And prints your name backwards

#Takes in the command line argument as your name

$name = join(" ", @ARGV);     #takes the list of command line arguments as string
$namecount = join("", @ARGV);
@initials = @ARGV;
for(@ARGV){             #reverses each part of your name
  $_ = reverse $_;
}
$reversed = join(" ", @ARGV);   #joins together reversed name
for(@initials){                 #generates your initials from the string
  $_ = uc(substr($_,0,1));
}
$initials = join(".", @initials);
$backwards = reverse($name);      #generates your name backwards


#output commands...
#subtracts 1 for the \n character.  alternatively, could use the perl
#command chomp() (perldoc -f chomp) to remove this character...

print "Hello $name\nYou have ".(length($namecount))." characters in your name\n";
print "Reversed: $reversed\n";
print "Your initials are $initials.\n";
print "Your name backwards is $backwards\n";

#!/usr/bin/perl
#
#calculates how many days it will be until your next birthday
#


$bmonth = 11; #default birthday month, November
$bday = 27;   #default birthday day

@current_time = localtime();  # ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst)
@daysinmonth = (31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31); #defines the number of days months

$total_bday = num_birthday($bmonth, $bday, $daysinmonth); #enumerates birthday
$total_day  = num_today(@current_time, $daysinmonth);     #enumerates current day

$days_until_birthday = has_birthday_passed($total_bday, $total_day, @current_time); #has your birthday already passed this year?
$days_until_birthday = leap_year($days_until_birthday, @current_time, $bmonth); #is there a leap day in between today and your birthday?

output($bmonth, $bday, $days_until_birthday, @current_time); #prints information

#num_birthday
#
#counts the number of days from 1/1 to your birthday
sub num_birthday{
  for($i = 0; $i< ($bmonth-1); $i++){
    $total_bday += $daysinmonth[$i];
  }

  $total_bday += $bday;
  return $total_bday;
}

#num_today
#
#counts the number of days since 1/1
sub num_today{
  for($i = 0; $i< ($current_time[4])-1; $i++){
    $total_day +=$daysinmonth[$i];
  }
  $total_day +=$current_time[3];
  return $total_day;
}

#has_birthday_passed
#
#checks if your birthday has already occurred this year
#if it has, we use 365-(difference), otherwise we can just
#use the different in days

sub has_birthday_passed{
  if($total_bday < $total_day){
   $days_until_birthday = 365 - abs($total_bday - $total_day);
  }
  else{
   $days_until_birthday = abs($total_bday - $total_day);
  }
  return $days_until_birthday;
}

#leap_year
#
#every leap year is defined as a year which is divisible by 4 but not 100
#if your birthday hasn't occurred yet this year, checks if the current year is a
#leap year.
#
#if your birthday has already occurred this year, checks if the next year is a leap
#year

sub leap_year{
  if($bmonth > $current_time[4]){
   if((@current_time[5] % 4 == 0) && (@current_time[5] % 100 != 0)){
    $days_until_birthday++;
   }
  }
  elsif(((@current_time[5]+1) % 4 == 0) && ((@current_time[5]+1) % 100 != 0)){
   $days_until_birthday++;
  }
  return $days_until_birthday;
}

#output
#
#formats the output nicely.  if today is your birthday, it prints happy birthday
#otherwise it will print the number of days until your birthday

sub output{
  if(($bmonth-1 == @current_time[4]) && ($bday == @current_time[3])){
    print "Happy Birthday!\n";
  }
  else{
   print "If your birthday is on $bmonth/$bday, it is $days_until_birthday days until your birthday\n";
  }
}