#include <array>
#include <numeric>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>

template<int N>
constexpr int determinant(const std::array<std::array<int, N>, N>& a) {
    int det = 0;
    std::array<int, N> perm;
    std::iota(perm.begin(), perm.end(), 0);
    int cnt = 0;
    do {
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            std::cout << i << " " << perm[i] << "\n";
            det += pow(-1, cnt) * a[i][perm[i]];
        }
        ++cnt;
        std::cout << "\n";
    } while (std::next_permutation(perm.begin(), perm.end()));
    return det;
}