internal delegate T Instantiate<out T>(/*parameters*/) where T : Vehicle;

internal interface IVehicle{/*...*/}
public class Vehicle
{
    //constructor is not protected. so this cant be intertied from outside assembly.
    internal Vehicle(/*parameters*/){ }
}
public class Car : Vehicle
{
    internal Car(/*parameters*/) : base(/*parameters*/) { }
}

/// <summary>
/// Choose from one of predefined containers to create your vehicle from factoy.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">type of vehicle</typeparam>
public class InstanceContainer<T> where T : Vehicle
{
    internal InstanceContainer(Instantiate<T> instance) // internal
    {
        GetInstance = instance;
    }

    // delegate which creates new instance of T
    internal Instantiate<T> GetInstance { get; }
}

/// <summary>
/// Choose this to create car from factory.
/// </summary>
public static InstanceContainer<Car> CarInstance { get; } = new InstanceContainer<Car>(CreateCar);

private static readonly Instantiate<Car> CreateCar = (/*parameters*/) => new Car(/*parameters*/);

// ... others options like Plane, Ship etc

public static T CreateVehicle<T>(/*parameters,*/ InstanceContainer<T> instance) where T : Vehicle
{
    T obj;
    //...
    // At some point:
        obj = instance.GetInstance(/*parameters*/);
    //...
    return obj;
}

VehicleFactory.CreateVehicle(/*parameters,*/ VehicleFactory.CarInstance);

// turns long name into short one!
using VehicleInstance = Factories.VehicleFactory.InstanceContainer<Factories.Goods.Vehicle>

//...
//...

VehicleInstance instance;
// instance will be choosen based on some conditions. like this:
if(true)
    instance = VehicleFactory.CarInstance; // we got magic co-variant here!
else
    instance = VehicleFactory.PlaneInstance;

VehicleFactory.CreateVehicle(/*parameters,*/ instance);

public interface IContainer<out T>
{
    // empty!
}

internal class InstanceContainer<T> : IContainer<T> where T : Vehicle
{
    internal InstanceContainer(Instance<T> instance)
    {
        GetInstance = instance;
    }

    internal Instance<T> GetInstance { get; }
}

// works fine!
public static IContainer<Car> CarInstance { get; } = new InstanceContainer<Car>(CreateCar);

public static T CreateVehicle<T>(/*parameters,*/ IContainer<T> instance)
{
    T obj;
    //...
    // At some point:
        obj = ((InstanceContainer<T>)instance).GetInstance(/*parameters*/); // runtime error.
    //...
    return obj;
}