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- Greg Malivuk
- gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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- Please bring your America Now books for the rest of the week.
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- p. 80 - What do you think “extreme commuting” is?
- - In the book it’s defined as a commute that’s more than 90 minutes each way.
- What are some reasons for such long commutes?
- - family lives far from school or work
- - expensive housing near school or work
- - school and work are far from each other
- - city planning/organization issues
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- part 4c - Listen and answer the questions.
- 1 6am
- 2 bike, bus, train, foot
- 3 8:30 (train @ 7:15, arrives in NYC 1 hour later, 15 minutes walking)
- part 4d - Listen again and complete the sentences. What do they have in common?
- 1 I’ll be leaving - future continuous
- 2 I’m about to get
- 3 my train leaves - simple present
- 4 It’s due to arrive
- 5 I’m meeting - present continuous
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- simple present = it’s definitely going to happen because it’s a scheduled event
- present continuous = it’s almost definitely going to happen because it’s been arranged
- future continuous = plans with somewhat uncertain timing (you’ll probably be in the middle of the action at that time, but don’t know when you’ll start or finish)
- When will you grade our tests? - Sounds more demanding/impatient; asks for a specific time when the action will be completed.
- When will you be grading our tests? - Sounds less demanding; asks for a time when the action may be in progress. (It’s less demanding because it doesn’t imply completion.)
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- Word for pairs of similar words:
- synonym = different words with the same/similar meaning
- (scared/afraid)
- homonym = same sound and(/or?) spelling, but different meaning
- (due to/due to, too/too, right/right/right)
- homograph = same spelling, but different sound and meaning
- (tear/tear, row/row, wind/wind, wound/wound)
- homophone = same sound, but different spelling and meaning
- (there/they’re/their, write/rite/wright/right, to/two/too)
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- (Sometimes “homonym” is understood as a more general term than “homograph” or “homophone”, and sometimes it’s more specific.)
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- p. 80 part 3a - Write the correct homophone for the bold words.
- 1 weight
- 2 board
- 3 brake
- 4 fare
- 5 peace
- 6 caught (these are not homophones for me)
- 7 aloud
- 8 waste
- 9 sweet
- 10 peer
- 11 cereal
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- In British English, pairs like raw/roar and law/lore are homophones, but not in American English.
- In American English (but not British), “ladder” and “latter” are homophones.
- In the southern US, “pin” and “pen” are homophones.
- In much of the US, “caught” and “cot” are homophones.
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- Note that many of the words in part 3 also have other (homonym) meanings for one or both spellings.
- - fair = just and equal
- - fair = festival/event, like a market for something
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- We also have words that are “almost homographs”, with very similar spellings but quite different pronunciations.
- suit/suite
- debt/debit
- through/tough/thorough/thought/though/trough
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- A “well-designed” pronunciation-based writing system shouldn’t have homographs that are pronounced differently. (Or if it does, they may only be differences in stress.)
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- http://ncf.idallen.com/english.html - poem about English spelling/pronunciation
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- Homework: find your book and bring it tomorrow
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