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Tomcat Server.xml
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<Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>


Web.xml
--------
<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>


  <filter>
    <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>


HTML-meta tags
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
      xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets"
      xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core"
      xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
      xmlns:p="http://primefaces.org/ui">

    <h:head>
        <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=UTF-8' />
     </h:head>

JDBC-connection(Datasource)
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<beans:property name="url"
            value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Vehiculos?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />


JDBC-connection(hibernateProperties)
------------------------------------
<beans:prop key="hibernate.connection.useUnicode">true</beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="hibernate.connection.characterEncoding">UTF-8</beans:prop>
                <beans:prop key="hibernate.connection.charSet">UTF-8</beans:prop>


MySQL database and tables
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CREATE DATABASE Vehiculos;

CREATE TABLE `Provincias` (
  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `nombre` varchar(80) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)ENGINE = INNODB CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;


MySQL server configuration
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   [client]
   port=3306
   default-character-set=utf8

   [mysql]
   default-character-set=utf8


1 error insert to table
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mysql> INSERT INTO Provincias VALUES (1, 'Álava');
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: 'xB5lava' for column 'nombre' at row 1