2019-08-10 Saturday : 7 Living space

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
2019-08-10 Saturday: 7 Living spaces
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-turtle-shells-evolved-twice-judy-cebra-thomas
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With your partner, design and draw a plan for a tiny house. (around 20 meters^2, up to 1.5 floors)
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Vocabulary: hosue features
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p. 82 part 1 - Which of these things are necessary for you in a place to live?
Make sure you understand the differences:
balcony / terrace / porch
garden / yard
The “central” in “central heating” and “central air-conditioning” means there’s one machine to make hot or cold air for the whole house.
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In the US, houses like the “terraced” picture are sometimes called row houses.
What are some possible advantages of the other three types of houses in the pictures?
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p. 83 part 4 - Listen and complete the sentence. (Ignore the numbers in the audio.)
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Grammar: comparatives and superlatives
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comparative: between two things
	Use the -er form or “more” or “less”
	Use “than” after the comparative
superlative: one among many things
	Use the -est form or “most” or “least”
	Use “the” before the superlative
equative (used for comparisons between two things)
	Use as...as
	“not as...as” means “less than”
	Especially common with short adjectives, where “less” sounds strange.
	Instead of “less big than”, we use “not as big as”.
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For comparatives and superlatives
- Use -er or -est for “short” adjectives
	(one syllable, or two if the second is just -y or -le)
- Use “more” or “most” for “long” adjectives
	(three or more syllables, or two if the second is something else)
(Use “more” or “most” for all two-syllable adverbs, unless it’s the same as the adjective.)
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Double comparatives - to show that a change continues over time
“Kids are growing up faster and faster.”
“Houses are getting more and more expensive.”

Paired comparatives - to show that two things change together
“The bigger the house is, the more expensive it is to heat.”
“The more, the merrier.” (“merry” = “happy”, like “Merry Christmas”)
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p. 83 part 7 - Rewrite these sentences with the words in parentheses. They should start with the bold words.
1 Houses are less appropriate for local conditions.
2 A cave house isn’t as small as you think.
3 An igloo isn’t as cold inside as you might think.
4 New houses are more and more expensive every year.
5 My tent is the best in the camp. (...the best of all the tents in the camp.)
6 This house is the oldest.
7 A house on stilts survives more easily in floods.
8 You can put up a ger more quickly than a brick house.
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BREAK
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How can we compare Boston and NYC?
NYC has more big buildings than Boston. (The number is higher.)
NYC has bigger buildings than Boston. (The size is larger.)
Boston is cleaner than NYC.
Boston is smaller and prettier than NYC.
NYC’s subway runs longer than Boston’s.
NYC is not as ugly as you think.
Boston Common is not as big as Central Park.
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Vocabulary: city features
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p. 84 part 2 - Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box (some words aren’t used).
1 atmosphere
2 public transportation
3 financial
4 modern
5 built-up (= There are buildings everywhere, NOT necessarily tall buildings.)
6 skyscrapers
7 residents
8 neighborhoods
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Read “Before New York”
roam = wander around with no particular goal (especially with “freely” for animals)
pristine = “pure” and new; untouched
https://welikia.org/explore/mannahatta-map/

(https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2014/07/02/awesome-tool-lets-you-watch-boston-grow-over-the-years - tool for Boston that uses historical maps)
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Grammar: other ways to talk about the past
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used to = something that was true for a while in the past but is not true now
	- NOT for something that happened once
	- NOT for something that is still true now
would = an action that was repeated for a while in the past
	- NOT for something that happened once
	- NOT for states or conditions (e.g. “be”, “have”, “live”)
	- YES for describing (reminiscing about) everyday life in the past
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p. 85 part 9 - If possible, rewrite these sentences with “used to”.
1 New York used to be a lot greener than it is now.
2 There used to be a lot of forest and natural landscapes.
3 Residents didn’t use to live in a large city.
4 People used to hunt beavers for their skin. (“used to” is fine if we understand the context of NYC)
5 (no “used to”, because this happened once)
6 What originally used to be in the area where Fifth Avenue is now?
Which sentence can also be rewritten with “would”?
- People would hunt beavers for their skin.
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part 11 - Complete these sentences so they’re true for you in a conversation with your parter.
1 I used to work at a coffee shop.
2 I used to play basketball.
3 Before I moved here, my family didn’t approve of my choice to come here.
4 On the first vacation that I remember, I went to the beach.
5 I would get very nervous.
6 We would meet for a barbecue.
7 I cried a lot. (“the first time” happened once)
8 I used to fight with my brothers.
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Vocabulary: “like” and “as”
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I cried like a baby. = Sometime more recently, I cried similarly to how a baby cries.
I cried as a baby. = When I was a baby, I cried.

as [something] - the subject is or was that thing
like [something] - the subject is similar to that thing

New York is great as a place to visit, but not as a place to live.
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Sometimes, “such as” = “like” = “for example”
There are many good restaurants, such as Tamascal and Cheesecake Factory.
There are many good restaurants, like Tamascal and Cheesecake Factory.
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p. 89 part 6 - Complete the sentences with “like” and “as”.
1 As
2 like
3 as
4 like
5 Like (It is similar to all good cafes in this way.)
6 like
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Read about Sandgate. What type of website is it probably from?
dwell = live in or occupy a place
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Homework: Write a promotional description of your current city or neighborhood, like the one on p. 89.
	Also: read p. 99 and do parts 2, 3, 4 on p. 98