TCP/IP

TCP/IP also known as Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is the communication protocol for communication between different computers via the internet. This set of protocols also states how devices such as computers should connect to the internet and states how the data should flow between them. TCP is the different communications between applications on the computer such as the internet browser and other network software, Whereas IP is the different communications between computers and how data is transferred between them. The TCP breaks down the packets of data before they are sent and also analyses the packets of data as they arrive to the computer. The IP is the part that sends the packets of data to the right destination. Other sections related to TCP/IP are:
•UDP (User Datagram Protocol) The simple communication between different applications
•ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)Used for errors and different statistics
•DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Used for dynamic addressing

TCP/IP is split into 4 main layers
•Layer 1 - Network Access
•Layer 2 - Internet
•Layer 3 - Transport
•Layer 4 - Application

There is also OSI short for Open System Interconnection and it defines a network framework to impliment protocols into seven layers. The controls are passed from one layer to the next. The layers are as follows:
•Layer 1 - Physical
•Layer 2 - Data Link
•Layer 3 - Network
•Layer 4 - Transport
•Layer 5 - Session
•Layer 6 - Presentation
•Layer 7 - Application

All of these layers work together making the OSI,a ISO standard for worldwide communications work.