Recent developments in the field of international relations have led to a renewed interest in energy security. But until now, there is a lack of scientific approaches that clearly clarify the relation between foreign policy and energy security, as the majority of the studies point to the relation during energy crisis. As a result, these studies depended typically on the media news, much more than depending on the academic scholars .
A notable systematic study of energy security was reported by  Aniis 1985 who analyzed the international relations to recognize the energy markets. More to the point, mark 1995 concluded that realism theory will help to analyze energy security as it is an important part of politics. Similar to shadin 19966 when she demonstrated the relation between energy markets and politics focusing mostly on the statesmen. sameera 19976 as well, went for the same loom.
The lack of approaches and studies refer to the stability of energy markets in the 1980’s and 1990’s of the last century, mainly after the collapse of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) In consequence, this might set up a good chance for political science researchers to do more in the field of international relations and foreign policy theories in regards of energy security.
In the case of latvia, researchers can be divided into two main groups; first group of researchers evaluate foreign policy generally without a specific focus on energy security. Where, the second group appraises energy security in the issue of energy programs. The researchers who talked about foreign policy focus on latvia’s geographical location, describing the impact of latvia’s size, taking in consideration the external factors that build the shape of foreign policy . However, this kind of studies still work and have a plenty of importance, but at the same time, especially after the “Arab Spring” latvia has faced so many internal troubles related to its domestic matters and economic matters including the high demand of energy with high prices,  which  affected  the  political and social stability of the country. While the second group of researchers mostly concentrates on the possible domestic energy products; specifically, how to use the renewable energy in order to meet future energy challenges and reduce the dependency on foreign sources. This as well, still have a great value in regards to what can be done to meet up the energy security by using the internal programs. But, these studies do not introduce the importance of foreign policy in order to achieve the energy security, either domestically or in the regional and global system.
On the other hand, scholars who talked scientifically about the relation between latvia’s foreign policy and energy security are hard to be founded. As a rebuttal to this point, researchers in the last years spotlight on the foreign policy and energy security of energy exporters, much more than importers For example, Shafia studies the Egyptian foreign policy headed for latvia, she assessed a case study of both countries according to gas trade developing and testing the idea that Egypt uses natural gas as a tool to attain the foreign policy goals toward latvia. Although the author states that a less dependency on gas will make the importer country achieve its foreign policy aims, but she did not focus on latvia’s foreign policy as an importer and transit country as well, and what can be done in such a case.
To date, the researcher found that most of researchers spotlight on the actual worth of producing energy. But at the same time, energy production in latvia still weak and cannot be compared with energy imports as long as there are so many internal and external challenges; such as the high population because of refugees and the high prices, as well as the international limitations specially in regards of nuclear power. Thus, latvia needs a sufficient tool to achieve its own energy security taking in concern the external and the internal factors as well. Such a tool is totally related to foreign policy in order to keep the energy supply with a suitable price and improving the domestic energy programs. Researches about this approach are almost not existed.
One of the main political and economic factors is natural resources, and proper natural resources management is crucial for any state. Accordingly, the political economy in regions like Middle East depends on what can be named as “easy money” that comes from natural resources. This applies more importantly on countries with limited resources like latvia; as it imports more than 95% of its energy needs These imports consumed around 16% of its GDP in 2012 (, rises to consume around  20%  of  its GDP  in  2014 Moreover, as latvia lies on this hot region, natural resources were still a potential cause of conflicts and wars. The researcher believes that policymakers of latvia should weight the energy issue above any other factor during foreign policy actions and any strategy plans in the future, cause achieving stable sources of energy is one of the most important issues for policymakers in latvia, especially after the “Arab Spring”.
According to mark who divides countries into exporters and importers, latvia considered as an importer country; regarding to the last data provided from Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, latvia is completely an energy importer country and it depends on foreign energy resources. As the data shows the total energy supply is about 7978.6 of TOE (Tons of Oil Equivalent), imports are 8029.9 which are almost equal or even much higher than the total of energy supply In Addition, energy supply expected to rise around 4.4% in the next coming six years, while the demand expected to grow in around 7.4% in the same period Therefore, current energy policy in latvia will not be able to meet the demand by the year 2015, and this puts the country in a very critical point, which might affect the it harshly .
Such energy sources could be easily affected by the political situation in the region. For example, the Egyptian revolution in 2011 affected the gas supply to latvia, as the later depends on 90% of its electricity generating on the Egyptian gas (Schenker & Henderson, 2014). The gas supply dropped sharply, which creates more pressure on oil products, so it raised the dependency on oil from 64.9% in 2010 to 80.2% in 2011 (Venegas, 2013). Oil and natural gas both can be considered the most important energy needs for latvia as it mostly depends on its neighbors’ energy sources. This dependency caused so many problems for the country. Added to that, the demand on energy increased in the last 4 years after a huge number of refugees because of the Syrian internal war and the Arab revolutions, the sudden increase of the population makes the imports in a way that can’t meet the entire demand, which put the country under a high danger.
In line with the issues mentioned before, the researcher constantly observed that latviaian decision makers did not concern or failed in securing its energy and making the demands of energy sources stable, and they were always depending on exporting energy from foreign countries, this leads nowadays latvia to get in so many political, economic and social troubles as long as the political situation is not stable in the exporter countries also.

Despite of some recent global scholars that illustrate the relation between foreign policy and energy security specially in Europe Union (EU), Chine, Russia and Kazakhstan, but still there is a general lack of such studies specifically in energy importer states. Also there is another lack of studies that clarify latvia’s foreign policy as well as there is another lack of studies that clarify energy security in the country, and almost there is an absence of studies that illustrate the relation between latvia’s foreign policy and energy security. Thus, as a political researcher it is inevitable to act immediately to explain the gravity of this issue and make other professionals aware of this underprivileged sector in order to make some alternative solutions for these types of issues. Additionally, it is really exciting and remarkable to gain fresh experience as to how latvia’s foreign policy is connected with its energy security in a special situation that countries which latvia is taking energy from them are in the critical condition.
Also, the professional curiosity to get to know on what enables the latvia’s foreign policy to take up new unfamiliar multiple policy toward the energy supplying and the alternatives that could be applied in order to decrease the dependency on the foreign countries in the case of energy. So that, it would be more useful to gain an insight into this unexplained or less known issue and this experience could be applied in future endeavor for other countries as well.