Advertisement
Not a member of Pastebin yet?
Sign Up,
it unlocks many cool features!
- Greg Malivuk
- gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes.
- ---
- Homework: units 5-6 test (If you graduate today, you don’t have to do the test.)
- ---
- With your partner, design the interior of a tiny house. (around 20 m2, 1.5 floors maximum = you can have a loft area, e.g. for a bed, but not a complete second floor)
- ---
- p. 82 part 1 - Which of these features are necessary when you look for a place to live? Which are important but not necessary? Which don’t matter? Then add other necessary things.
- Make sure you understand the difference between these pairs of words:
- garden/yard
- - The yard is the large space around a house. It can have a garden in it or it can be just grass.
- balcony/porch/terrace
- - A balcony is on a higher floor over air, a terrace is on a higher floor over other rooms, and a porch is on the ground floor and you can enter and exit the house through it.
- ---
- p. 83 part 4 - Listen to the audio about houses and shelters and complete the sentences. Ignore the numbers in the audio.
- 1 bad weather
- 2 more basic
- 3 shelter
- 4 brick or stone
- 5 house
- 6 your home
- 7 design
- 8 cities
- ---
- Grammar: comparatives and superlatives
- ---
- comparatives
- - to compare two things or groups of things
- “short” adjectives (1 syllable, or 2 if the second one is just -y or -le)
- cheap -> cheaper
- big -> bigger
- nice -> nicer
- happy -> happier
- “long” adjectives (3+ syllables, or 2 if the secondd one is big)
- careful -> more careful/less careful
- interesting -> more interesting/less interesting
- paired comparatives: to show that two things change together
- The colder the climate, the warmer your house needs to be.
- The bigger your house, the more expensive it is to heat.
- The more, the merrier. (If more people come, it will be happier.)
- repeated comparatives: to show that something continues to change
- Homes in cities are getting smaller and smaller.
- Housing in Boston is getting more and more expensive. (repeat “more”, not the adjective)
- equatives
- - to show that two things are (or aren’t) the same
- I am as tall as my dad. = We are the same height.
- I am not as tall as my dad. = I am shorter than my dad.
- superlatives
- - to compare one thing to all the things (in the same category)
- -er -> -est
- more -> most
- less -> least
- Superlatives almost always use “the”, because you’re talking about one specific thing.
- ---
- p. 83 part 7 - Rewrite the sentences (to have the same meaning) using the words in parentheses and beginning with the words in bold.
- 1 Houses are less appropriate for local conditions.
- 2 A cave house is not as small as you think.
- 3 An igloo is not as cold inside as you might think.
- 4 New houses are getting more and more expensive every year.
- 5 My tent is the best in the camp.
- 6 This house is the oldest one.
- 7 A house on stilts survives more easily in floods.
- 8 You can put up a ger more quickly than a brick house.
- ---
- BREAK
- ---
- We can make adverb comparisons the same way. Adverbs almost always take “more” and “less”, except for fast/faster, hard/harder, late/later, early/earlier.
- ---
- Irregular comparatives and superlatives:
- good/well -> better -> best
- bad -> worse -> worst
- ---
- p. 84 part 2 - Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box.
- 1 atmosphere
- 2 public transportation
- 3 financial
- 4 modern
- 5 built-up (this describes an area with a lot of buildings, not necessarily tall; “up” doesn’t mean “tall” in this case, it means “complete”)
- 6 skyscrapers
- 7 residents (= people that live somewhere; “residence” = place where people live)
- 8 neighborhoods (areas or regions in a city, especially residential)
- ---
- Read “Before New York”
- https://welikia.org/explore/mannahatta-map/
- ---
- Grammar: other ways to talk about the past (especially things that were true for a while)
- used to
- - things that were true for a while in the past and are not true now
- - if it’s still true, or if it only happened once, you can’t use “used to”
- I used to live in Mexico. - true for 1 year, now I don’t live in Mexico
- *I used to teach English. - I still teach English, so this sentence is incorrect.
- I have taught English for many years.
- I didn’t use to live in Boston. - true for 25 years, but now I live in Boston
- *I didn’t use to live in New York. - true all my life, including now, so this sentence is incorrect
- I have never lived in New York.
- Where did you use to live? I used to live in Michigan.
- would
- - repeated actions (for a while) in the past
- - if it happened once or happened for a long time without repeating, you can’t use “would”
- We would go swimming every day. - repated for a while in the past
- *We would have a pool. - this isn’t repeated, so it’s incorrect
- - “would” is very common for describing everyday life in the past; it’s often nostalgic
- ---
- p. 85 exercise 9 - Rewrite the sentences with “used to” if possible.
- 1 New York used to be a lot greener than it is now.
- 2 There used to be a lot of forests and natural landscapes.
- 3 Residents didn’t use to live in a large city. (Early residents don’t live anywhere now.)
- 4 People used to hunt beavers for their skins.
- 5 (no change - just happened once)
- 6 What originally used to be in the area where Fifth Avenue is now?
- Which sentence could also use “would”?
- - People would hunt beavers for their skins. (This is an action that was repeated many times.)
- ---
- part 11 - Complete the sentences so they’re true for you, using the correct grammar.
- 1 Before I studied here, I used to live in Italy.
- 2 When I was in elementary school, I would play baseball every day.
- 3 Before I moved here, my family threw a party for me. / my family used to eat every Sunday dinner together.
- 4 During the first vacation I can remember, I went to Las Vegas.
- (“first vacation” happened once, so whatever you say about it should be simple past)
- 5 Whenever I had a test at school, I would study. / I would get nervous. / I would cry. / I would cheat.
- 6 In my family, on weekends we would go to church and then go for dinner.
- 7 The first time I left home, I cried a lot. (“first time” is one time -> simple past)
- 8 As a child, I used to play piano a little bit.
- ---
- I cried like a baby. = I cried (more recently) similarly to how a baby cries.
- I cried as a baby. = I cried when I was a baby.
- ---
- Homework: Write a promotional description of your current city for people who might want to live there. Use the text on p. 89 as an example.
- Also: read p. 99 and do p. 98 parts 2, 3, 4
Advertisement
Add Comment
Please, Sign In to add comment
Advertisement