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main.c
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#include <stdio.h>
int main(void){
   printf("hello world\n");
   return 0;
}

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Makefile
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all: main.c
$(CC) -o maintest main.c


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My Process

Note: I installed the SDK into /usr/local/angstrom, I didn't use the default path which was /usr/local/oecore-x86_64/
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1. ~$ cd /usr/local/angstrom

2. /usr/local/angstrom$ source environment-setup-cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-angstrom-linux-gnueabi

3. /usr/local/angstrom$ cd ~

4. ~$ make --dry-run
arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-gcc  -march=armv7-a -mthumb-interwork -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=neon -mtune=cortex-a8 --sysroot=/usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-angstrom-linux-gnueabi -o maintest main.c

5. ~$ make
arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-gcc  -march=armv7-a -mthumb-interwork -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=neon -mtune=cortex-a8 --sysroot=/usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-angstrom-linux-gnueabi -o maintest main.c
arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-gcc: error while loading shared libraries: __vdso_time: invalid mode for dlopen(): Invalid argument
make: *** [main] Error 127

6. If I use the hack from http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-general-1/glibc-backward-compatibility-4175445005/ I get a little further.  See below:

~$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/lib/:/lib /usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/usr/bin/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-angstrom-linux-gnueabi/arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi-gcc main.c -S
/usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/usr/bin/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-angstrom-linux-gnueabi/../../libexec/cortexa8hf-vfp-neon-angstrom-linux-gnueabi/gcc/arm-angstrom-linux-gnueabi/4.7.4/cc1: error while loading shared libraries: __vdso_time: invalid mode for dlopen(): Invalid argument

I get the same for qmake2:

~$ which qmake2
/usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/usr/bin/qmake2
~$ qmake2 --version
qmake2: error while loading shared libraries: __vdso_time: invalid mode for dlopen(): Invalid argument

But the hack generates:

~$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/lib/:/lib /usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /usr/local/angstrom/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/usr/bin/qmake2 --version
QMake version 2.01a
Using Qt version 4.8.4 in /usr/local/oecore-x86_64/sysroots/x86_64-angstromsdk-linux/usr/lib

I hope this helps.