#include <iostream> //input/output objects
#include <string> //enables string data type
#include <cstdlib> //stadndard library
#include <ctime> //enables rand
#include <iomanip> //enables stream manipulation
#include <fstream> //enables file io
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

//Global Constants - Array Size Initialization
const int ROW=11,
          COL=2;

//Function prototypes
string setBoard(string user, string&);
string checkInput(int, bool&, string&);
void printInstructions();
void saveScore(float, string);
void printScore(float, string);
void sortScores(string[][COL], int);

//execution begins here
int main()
{
//passes in the appropriate values to set the board for the difficulty
//selected by the user.
  string begnner(4, '.'),
         easy(6, '.'),
         interm(7, '.'),
         hard(8, '.');
    string guess, //the player's guess will be stored
           spot(4,'.'), //where letters will be randomly assigned
           chkSpot, //checks how accurate the player's guess is
           again="y", //variable that user input will determine if he plays again
           choices, //Where list of valid choices will be stored for the difficulty
           accuraO = (4,""), //where Os and os will be sorted
           accura=(4,""), //Where Os and os will be stored
           dif, //variable where user input to determine difficulty will be stored
           cont,
           name; //User will enter their name to save their score.
    bool win, //Keeps game in a loop until character wins.
         quit; //keeps menu in loop until user chooses to quit
    int numOf, //number of valid choices
        oCount=0, //where number of os will be stored
        oOCount=0; //where number of Os will be stored
    float score=0; //where score will be kept
    ifstream file; //Where high-score data will be read from.

    RESTART: //will take back to beginning of menu loop
    do{
        //sets win = false so that the game will keep looping until player
        //wins and/or decides to quit the program.
        win=false;

        //sets quit to false so menu will keep looping until player decides to
        //leave
        quit=false;

        //Prompts user to select difficulty or leave program.
        cout<<"Welcome to MASTERMIND!"<<endl;
        cout<<"What difficulty do you want to select?"<<endl;
        cout<<"1 = Beginner"<<endl;
        cout<<"2 = Easy"<<endl;
        cout<<"3 = Intermediate"<<endl;
        cout<<"4 = Hard"<<endl;
        cout<<""<<endl;
        cout<<"5 = VIEW HIGH-SCORES!"<<endl;
        cout<<"9 = INSTRUCTIONS"<<endl;
        cout<<"- = DELETE HIGH-SCORES!"<<endl;
        cout<<"+ = Cheat! (Only works when you input it during a game)"<<endl;
        cout<<""<<endl;
        cout<<"Input anything else to quit program: ";
        getline(cin,dif);

        //Passes in strings of a length relevant to the difficulty selected.
        //Also sets score based on difficulty.
        switch (dif[0])
        {
            case '1': {spot=setBoard(begnner, choices);
            numOf=4;
            score=100;
            break;}
            case '2': {spot=setBoard(easy, choices);
            numOf=6;
            score=300;
            break;}
            case '3': {spot=setBoard(interm, choices);
            numOf=7;
            score=375;
            break;}
            case '4': {spot=setBoard(hard, choices);
            numOf=8;
            score=480;
            break;}
            case '5': {printScore(0,"\0");
            goto RESTART;
            break;}
            case '-': {
                       ofstream outfile("names.txt");
                       outfile.close();

                       ofstream outfile1("scores.txt");
                       outfile1.close();

                       cout<<"The scoreboard is now CLEARED"<<endl;
                       cout<<"Enter anything to continue: ";
                       getline(cin,cont);
            goto RESTART;
            break;}
            case '9': {printInstructions(); //calls function to print instructions
            goto RESTART; //goes to beginning of menu loop
            break;}
            default: {
                win=true; //sets win to true to break out of loop
                again="n"; //sets again to n to break out of loop
            }
    }


    do{
        //this if will skip the whole block that checks the user's input for the
        //right letters if user decides to quit.

        if (again!="n"){
        guess=checkInput(numOf, quit, spot);
        if(quit==true)
        {
            break;
        }

    //for loop checks each spot to see how it corresponds with the player's
    //guess, and then will assign O or X to a variable that will output
    //during the game so that the player can know how accurate his guess was
        for (int j=0; j<4; j++)
        {
            (guess[j]==spot[j]) ? (chkSpot[j]='O') : (chkSpot[j]='X');

            if(guess[j]==spot[j])
            {
                accura+="O";
                oOCount++; //increases value per every O assigned
            }
            else if ((spot.find(guess[j])!= string::npos)&&guess[j]!=spot[j])
            {
                accura+="o";
                oCount++; //increases value per every o assigned
            }
            else if (spot.find(guess[j])==string::npos)
            {
                accura+=" "; //puts in a blank when neither an O or o isn't assigned
            }
        }

        //puts an amount of os corresponding to the oCount in the front of string
        for(int i=0; i<oCount; i++)
        {
            accuraO+="o";
        }

        //after the os are put in, this does the same thing as above, only with
        //Os. The Os will always be after the os
        for(int i=0; i<oOCount; i++)
        {
            accuraO+="O";
        }

    //if statement checks if user guessed the letters assigned to each
    //spot on the board correctly. If the player is successful, tell em.
    //if not, tell em.
            if (chkSpot[0]=='O'&&chkSpot[1]=='O'&&chkSpot[2]=='O'&&chkSpot[3]=='O')
            {
                cout<<"YOU WIN"<<endl;

                cout<<"|| [OOOO] || ";
                cout<<"== [OOOO]"<<endl;
                cout<<endl;

                //Outputs final score
                cout<<"Your final score is "<<setprecision(4)<<score<<"!"<<endl;

                //Prompts user to type in the name that will be associated with
                //the score.
                cout<<"Enter your name, you mastermind: ";

                getline(cin,name);
                while(name.size()>14)
                {
                    cout<<"Input up to 14 LETTERS only"<<endl;
                    cout<<"Enter your name: ";
                    getline(cin,name);

                }
                cout<<endl;

                //Calls saveScore function to save score.
                saveScore(score, name);


                //Sets win = true so that game loop will break
                win=true;
                cout<<"Would you like to play again on a new board? Enter 'y' for yes, ";
                cout<<"or anything else to quit: ";

                getline(cin,again);

            }
            else
            {
                //Outputs the board to show what the user got right and the
                //list of their choices
                cout<<"|| ["<<"?"<<"]["<<"?"<<"]["<<"?"<<"]["<<"?"<<"] || ";
                if(numOf!=4){
                    cout<<"== ["<<accuraO<<"]";
                }
                else
                {

                    cout<<"== ["<<chkSpot[0]<<chkSpot[1]<<chkSpot[2]<<chkSpot[3]<<"]";
                }
                cout<<"   -- CHOICES: "<<choices<<" -- Enter '1' to return to the menu."<<endl;
            }
        //resets score, oCount, oOcount, accura & accuraO
        score-=score*0.07;
        oCount=0;
        oOCount=0;
        accuraO = (4, "");
        accura = (4, "");
        }
    }while(win==false);  //loop will keep players guessing until they win.
}while(again=="y"||again=="Y"); //loop will keep players in menu until they-
                                //decide to quit
    return 0;
}//end of main

string setBoard(string user, string &choices){
    string spot(user.size(),'.'), //where letters will be randomly assigned
           chkSpot; //checks how accurate the player's guess is
    int boardSet, //where random number assignment (1-4) will be stored
        repeat[user.size()]={}; //tests for number repetition
    bool exists=false;
    srand(time(NULL));

    //Will assign list of valid choices depending on what difficulty the user
    //chooses
    switch(user.size())
    {
        case 4: {choices="Q W A S"; break;}
        case 6: {choices="Q W A S E D"; break;}
        case 7: {choices="Q W A S E D R"; break;}
        case 8: {choices="Q W A S E D R F"; break;}
    }

    //for loop for randomizing the board
    for (int i=0; i<4; i++)
    {
        //sets exist to true at the start of each loop.
        exists=true;

        //gets a random number in-between 1 and the number denoting
        //the length of the string passed in by the user selected difficulty
        boardSet=(rand() % user.size()) + 1;

        //Tests a user character to see if it's already been used
        //(AKA, if it's already been stored in repeat[])
        for(int j=0; j<4; j++)
        {
            if(boardSet==repeat[j])
            {
                //if there is a repeat variable, set exists to false
                exists=false;
            }
        }

        //first if test will test if the random number is identical to any previous random number.
        //if the random number IS equal to any previous ones, it will decrement 'i'
        if (exists==false)
        {
            //(bgrList.find(guess[i])== string::npos) (PREVIOUS VERSION ^)

            //decrements i so that the for loop will run an extra loop so that it can
            //assign a number that hasn't already been taken
            i--;
        }
        //if the random number is unique, it assigns it to a spot on the board
        else{
        //each number 1-4 corresponds to a letter that will be assigned to a spot
        //on the board
        switch (boardSet)
        {
            case 1: {
                spot[i]='Q'; //Assigns Q to a spot
            break;
            }
            case 2: {
                spot[i]='W'; //Assigns W to a spot
                break;
            }
            case 3: {
                spot[i]='A'; //Assigns A to a spot
                break;
            }
            case 4: {
                spot[i]='S'; //Assigns S to a spot
                break;
            }
            case 5: {
                spot[i]='E'; //Assigns E to a spot
                break;
            }
            case 6: {
                spot[i]='D'; //Assigns D to a spot
                break;
            }
            case 7: {
                spot[i]='R'; //Assigns R to a spot
                break;
            }
            case 8: {
                spot[i]='F'; //Assigns F to a spot
                break;
            }
        }//ends switch
        chkSpot[i]=spot[i]; //Assigns letter to check for if the user guessed correctly.
        repeat[i]=boardSet; //assigns number in repeat variable so it can test for future repeats
        }//ends else statement

    }//ends for loop
    //outputs the board
    cout<<"|| ["<<"?"<<"]["<<"?"<<"]["<<"?"<<"]["<<"?"<<"] || ";
    cout<<"== [????]";
    cout<<"   -- CHOICES: "<<choices<<" -- Enter '1' to return to the menu."<<endl;

    return spot; //returns the string which holds the positions of the letters
                 //on the board.
}

string checkInput(int num, bool &quit, string &spot)
{
    bool check; //variable to check if input is valid
    string guess, //user's guess
           vldList, //where valid list of characters will be stored.
           repeat=(4, "");
    //assigns the string of valid characters to a variable that will be searched
    //when it comes to checking if the user input is valid
    switch(num)
    {
        case 4: {vldList="QWASqwas1+"; break;}
        case 6: {vldList="QWASEDqwased1+"; break;}
        case 7: {vldList="QWASEDRqwasedr1+"; break;}
        case 8: {vldList="QWASEDRFqwasedrf1+"; break;}
    }

     do{
            //if nothing is invalid about the user input, this bool allows
            //the program to pass through the loop
            check=true;

            //Prompts user to enter guess
            cout<<"Enter: ";
            getline(cin,guess);

            if(guess=="1")
            {
                quit=true;
            }
            else if(guess=="+")
            {
                cout<<"THE ANSWER IS: "<<spot<<endl;
            }

             //Checks for valid input
            while((guess.size()!=4)&&(guess!="1"))
            {
                cout<<"Invalid input. Please type in the four valid letters only. NO REPEATS"<<endl;
                getline(cin,guess);
            }

            //converts lowercase inputs to uppercase
        for(int u=0; u<4; u++){
            switch(guess[u])
            {
            case 'q': {guess[u]='Q'; break;}
            case 'w': {guess[u]='W'; break;}
            case 'a': {guess[u]='A'; break;}
            case 's': {guess[u]='S'; break;}
            case 'e': {guess[u]='E'; break;}
            case 'd': {guess[u]='D'; break;}
            case 'r': {guess[u]='R'; break;}
            case 'f': {guess[u]='F'; break;}
            }
        }

            //Goes through the user inputted characters one by one, searches
            //to see if any character doesn't match up with the valid list of
            //characters.
            for(unsigned int i=0; i<guess.size(); i++)
            {
                if (vldList.find(guess[i])== string::npos)
                {
                    check=false;
                }
            }

            //check = false if user types in 2 of the same chars
            for (unsigned i=0; i<guess.size()-1; i++)
            {   if (guess.find(guess[i], i+1) != string::npos)
                check=false;
            }

            //if any erroneous character was found in previous for loop, this while
            //will run giving the player an invalid input message
            if(check==false)
            {
                cout<<"Invalid input. Please type in four valid letters only. NO REPEATS"<<endl;
            }

        }while(check==false);  //will loop if the input was invalid
        return guess; //returns the user's BACKGROUND CHECKED guess
}

void printInstructions(){
    string cont,    //pauses after instructions print until user inputs anything
           contents; //where file data will be stored
    ifstream textFile;

    //opens file
    textFile.open("instructions.txt");
    if (textFile) { //If file opened successfully, continue with what you wanna do
        while (textFile >> contents) { //While there is MORE input to read from the file, do whatever
            cout << contents <<" "; //display data from file
        }
    } else cout << "Error opening file."; //If it doesn't open, display error

    //close and clear file
    textFile.close();
    textFile.clear();
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<endl;
    //waits for user input to continue back to menu
    cout<<"Enter anything to continue: ";
    getline(cin,cont);

    return;
}

void saveScore(float score, string name){
    ofstream file;

    file.open("scores.txt", fstream::app);
    file<<score<<" \n";
    file.close();

    file.open("names.txt", fstream::app);
    file<<name<<" \n";
    file.close();

    return;
}

void printScore(float score, string name){
    string hiScore[ROW][COL];
    string cont;
    int num=0;
    ifstream scores,
             names;
    ofstream outfile, outfile1;


        //Opens files
        scores.open("scores.txt");
        names.open("names.txt");

         cout<<"TEST PRINT SCORES before storing file values into array"<<endl;
    for(int i=num-1; i>=0; i--)
            {
                cout<<setprecision(4)<<atoi(hiScore[i][0].c_str())<<endl;
            }

            cout<<endl;


        //stores values from file into array
        for(int i=0; i<ROW; i++)
        {
            scores>>hiScore[i][0];
            names>>hiScore[i][1];

            if(static_cast<int>(hiScore[i][1][0])>65&&static_cast<int>(hiScore[i][1][0])<122)
            {
               num++;
            }
        }
            cout<<"TEST PRINT SCORES after storing file values into array"<<endl;
    for(int i=num-1; i>=0; i--)
            {
                cout<<setprecision(4)<<atoi(hiScore[i][0].c_str())<<endl;
            }

            cout<<endl;
            if(score!=0){
    if(score>atoi(hiScore[9][0].c_str())/**&&static_cast<int>(hiScore[9][0][0])>48&&static_cast<int>(hiScore[9][0][0])<58**/)
    {
        ostringstream ss;
        ss<<score;
        hiScore[9][0]=ss.str();
        hiScore[9][1]=name;
    }
            }
            cout<<"TEST PRINT SCORES after swap"<<endl;
    for(int i=num-1; i>=0; i--)
            {
                cout<<setprecision(4)<<atoi(hiScore[i][0].c_str())<<endl;
            }

            cout<<endl;

        //Calls function to sort scores
        sortScores(hiScore, num);

        //Closes files
        scores.close();
        names.close();


        if(score!=0){
            //Clears files
            ofstream file("names.txt")  ;
                     file.close();
            ofstream file1("scores.txt");
                     file1.close();
                     cout<<endl;
                     //cout<<"CHECK TO SEE IF FILES WERE CLEARED: ";
                     //getline(cin,cont);
        }

        if(score==0){
            //Prints scoreboard
            cout<<"                  SCOREBOARD"<<endl;
            for(int i=num-1; i>=0; i--)
            {
                cout<<setw(15)<<hiScore[i][1]<<"                ";
                cout<<setprecision(4)<<atoi(hiScore[i][0].c_str())<<endl;
            }

                cout<<endl;

            cout<<endl;

            outfile.open("scores.txt");
            outfile1.open("names.txt");

            //Puts new sorted array into file.
            for(int i=ROW-1; i>0; i--){

            outfile<<hiScore[i][0]<<" \n";
            outfile1<<hiScore[i][1]<<" \n";
                }

            outfile1.close();
            outfile.close();
        }

        cout<<endl;

        cout<<"Enter anything to continue: ";
        getline(cin,cont);
        cout<<endl;
        cout<<endl;

    return;
}

void sortScores(string scores[][COL], int num){


    for(int i=0; i<(num-1); i++)
    {
        for(int j=i+1; j<num; j++)
        {
            string temp, temp1;

            if(atoi(scores[i][0].c_str())>atoi(scores[j][0].c_str()))
            {
                temp=scores[i][0];
                scores[i][0]=scores[j][0];
                scores[j][0]=temp;

                temp1=scores[i][1];
                scores[i][1]=scores[j][1];
                scores[j][1]=temp1;
            }
        }
    }

    cout<<"TEST PRINT SCORES after sort (within function)"<<endl;
    for(int i=num-1; i>=0; i--)
            {
                cout<<setprecision(4)<<atoi(scores[i][0].c_str())<<endl;
            }

            cout<<endl;

    return;
}