#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>

/* MySQL Connector/C++ specific headers */
#include <driver.h>
#include <connection.h>
#include <statement.h>
#include <prepared_statement.h>
#include <resultset.h>
#include <metadata.h>
#include <resultset_metadata.h>
#include <exception.h>
#include <warning.h>

#define DBHOST "tcp://127.0.0.1:3306"
#define USER "root"
#define PASSWORD "admin"
#define DATABASE "test"

#define NUMOFFSET 100
#define COLNAME 200
#define EXIT_FAILURE 1
#define EXIT_SUCCESS 0

using namespace std;
using namespace sql;

static void retrieve_data_and_print (ResultSet *rs, int type, int colidx, string colname) {

    /* retrieve the row count in the result set */
    cout << "\nRetrieved " << rs -> rowsCount() << " row(s)." << endl;

    cout << "\nCityName" << endl;
    cout << "--------" << endl;

    /* fetch the data : retrieve all the rows in the result set */
    while (rs->next()) {
        if (type == NUMOFFSET) {
                       cout << rs -> getString(colidx) << endl;
        } else if (type == COLNAME) {
                       cout << rs -> getString(colname) << endl;
        } // if-else
    } // while

    cout << endl;

} // retrieve_data_and_print()

static void retrieve_dbmetadata_and_print (Connection *dbcon) {

    if (dbcon -> isClosed()) {
        throw runtime_error("DatabaseMetaData FAILURE - database connection closed");
    }

    cout << "\nDatabase Metadata" << endl;
    cout << "-----------------" << endl;

    cout << boolalpha;

    /* The following commented statement won't work with Connector/C++ 1.0.5 and later */
    //auto_ptr < DatabaseMetaData > dbcon_meta (dbcon -> getMetaData());

    DatabaseMetaData *dbcon_meta = dbcon -> getMetaData();

    cout << "Database Product Name: " << dbcon_meta -> getDatabaseProductName() << endl;
    cout << "Database Product Version: " << dbcon_meta -> getDatabaseProductVersion() << endl;
    cout << "Database User Name: " << dbcon_meta -> getUserName() << endl << endl;

    cout << "Driver name: " << dbcon_meta -> getDriverName() << endl;
    cout << "Driver version: " << dbcon_meta -> getDriverVersion() << endl << endl;

    cout << "Database in Read-Only Mode?: " << dbcon_meta -> isReadOnly() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Transactions?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsTransactions() << endl;
    cout << "Supports DML Transactions only?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsDataManipulationTransactionsOnly() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Batch Updates?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsBatchUpdates() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Outer Joins?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsOuterJoins() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Multiple Transactions?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsMultipleTransactions() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Named Parameters?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsNamedParameters() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Statement Pooling?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsStatementPooling() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Stored Procedures?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsStoredProcedures() << endl;
    cout << "Supports Union?: " << dbcon_meta -> supportsUnion() << endl << endl;

    cout << "Maximum Connections: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxConnections() << endl;
    cout << "Maximum Columns per Table: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxColumnsInTable() << endl;
    cout << "Maximum Columns per Index: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxColumnsInIndex() << endl;
    cout << "Maximum Row Size per Table: " << dbcon_meta -> getMaxRowSize() << " bytes" << endl;

    cout << "\nDatabase schemas: " << endl;

    auto_ptr < ResultSet > rs ( dbcon_meta -> getSchemas());

    cout << "\nTotal number of schemas = " << rs -> rowsCount() << endl;
    cout << endl;

    int row = 1;

    while (rs -> next()) {
        cout << "\t" << row << ". " << rs -> getString("TABLE_SCHEM") << endl;
        ++row;
    } // while

    cout << endl << endl;

} // retrieve_dbmetadata_and_print()

static void retrieve_rsmetadata_and_print (ResultSet *rs) {

    if (rs -> rowsCount() == 0) {
        throw runtime_error("ResultSetMetaData FAILURE - no records in the result set");
    }

    cout << "ResultSet Metadata" << endl;
    cout << "------------------" << endl;

    /* The following commented statement won't work with Connector/C++ 1.0.5 and later */
    //auto_ptr < ResultSetMetaData > res_meta ( rs -> getMetaData() );

    ResultSetMetaData *res_meta = rs -> getMetaData();

    int numcols = res_meta -> getColumnCount();
    cout << "\nNumber of columns in the result set = " << numcols << endl << endl;

    cout.width(20);
    cout << "Column Name/Label";
    cout.width(20);
    cout << "Column Type";
    cout.width(20);
    cout << "Column Size" << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < numcols; ++i) {
        cout.width(20);
        cout << res_meta -> getColumnLabel (i+1);
        cout.width(20);
        cout << res_meta -> getColumnTypeName (i+1);
        cout.width(20);
        cout << res_meta -> getColumnDisplaySize (i+1) << endl << endl;
    }

    cout << "\nColumn \"" << res_meta -> getColumnLabel(1);
    cout << "\" belongs to the Table: \"" << res_meta -> getTableName(1);
    cout << "\" which belongs to the Schema: \"" << res_meta -> getSchemaName(1) << "\"" << endl << endl;

} // retrieve_rsmetadata_and_print()


int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {

    Driver *driver;
    Connection *con;
    Statement *stmt;
    ResultSet *res;
    PreparedStatement *prep_stmt;
    Savepoint *savept;

    int updatecount = 0;

    /* initiate url, user, password and database variables */
    string url(argc >= 2 ? argv[1] : DBHOST);
    const string user(argc >= 3 ? argv[2] : USER);
    const string password(argc >= 4 ? argv[3] : PASSWORD);
    const string database(argc >= 5 ? argv[4] : DATABASE);

    try {
        driver = get_driver_instance();

        /* create a database connection using the Driver */
        con = driver -> connect(url, user, password);

        /* alternate syntax using auto_ptr to create the db connection */
        //auto_ptr  con (driver -> connect(url, user, password));

        /* turn off the autocommit */
        con -> setAutoCommit(0);

        cout << "\nDatabase connection\'s autocommit mode = " << con -> getAutoCommit() << endl;

        /* select appropriate database schema */
        con -> setSchema(database);

        /* retrieve and display the database metadata */
        retrieve_dbmetadata_and_print (con);

        /* create a statement object */
        stmt = con -> createStatement();

        cout << "Executing the Query: \"SELECT * FROM City\" .." << endl;

        /* run a query which returns exactly one result set */
        res = stmt -> executeQuery ("SELECT * FROM City");

        cout << "Retrieving the result set .." << endl;

        /* retrieve the data from the result set and display on stdout */
        retrieve_data_and_print (res, NUMOFFSET, 1, string("CityName"));

        /* retrieve and display the result set metadata */
        retrieve_rsmetadata_and_print (res);

        cout << "Demonstrating Prepared Statements .. " << endl << endl;

        /* insert couple of rows of data into City table using Prepared Statements */
        prep_stmt = con -> prepareStatement ("INSERT INTO City (CityName) VALUES (?)");

        cout << "\tInserting \"London, UK\" into the table, City .." << endl;

        prep_stmt -> setString (1, "London, UK");
        updatecount = prep_stmt -> executeUpdate();

        cout << "\tCreating a save point \"SAVEPT1\" .." << endl;
        savept = con -> setSavepoint ("SAVEPT1");

        cout << "\tInserting \"Paris, France\" into the table, City .." << endl;

        prep_stmt -> setString (1, "Paris, France");
        updatecount = prep_stmt -> executeUpdate();

        cout << "\tRolling back until the last save point \"SAVEPT1\" .." << endl;
        con -> rollback (savept);
        con -> releaseSavepoint (savept);

        cout << "\tCommitting outstanding updates to the database .." << endl;
        con -> commit();

        cout << "\nQuerying the City table again .." << endl;

        /* re-use result set object */
        res = NULL;
        res = stmt -> executeQuery ("SELECT * FROM City");

        /* retrieve the data from the result set and display on stdout */
        retrieve_data_and_print (res, COLNAME, 1, string ("CityName"));

        cout << "Cleaning up the resources .." << endl;

        /* Clean up */
        delete res;
        delete stmt;
        delete prep_stmt;
        con -> close();
        delete con;

    } catch (SQLException &e) {
        cout << "ERROR: SQLException in " << __FILE__;
        cout << " (" << __func__<< ") on line " << __LINE__ << endl;
        cout << "ERROR: " << e.what();
        cout << " (MySQL error code: " << e.getErrorCode();
        cout << ", SQLState: " << e.getSQLState() << ")" << endl;

        if (e.getErrorCode() == 1047) {
            /*
            Error: 1047 SQLSTATE: 08S01 (ER_UNKNOWN_COM_ERROR)
            Message: Unknown command
            */
            cout << "\nYour server does not seem to support Prepared Statements at all. ";
            cout << "Perhaps MYSQL < 4.1?" << endl;
        }

        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    } catch (std::runtime_error &e) {

        cout << "ERROR: runtime_error in " << __FILE__;
        cout << " (" << __func__ << ") on line " << __LINE__ << endl;
        cout << "ERROR: " << e.what() << endl;

        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}