The rise of the state was significant for the early civilizations because it led to the wide application and adoption of written language.  Written language enabled people to more effectively communicate importants ideas such as laws, religion, etc.  Writing also enabled the infantile development of book keeping which enabled rulers to keep track of currency/resources.  The development of state also provided a more balanced and logical infrastructure for society than that of kinships/monarchies.

Egypt: "the gift of the Nile" is quite significant due to the fact that it provides insight into the idea that geography can shape societal norms and overall happiness. Egypt can also be contrasted to Mesopotamia that was at the wrath of the "gods", seasons, and outside attackers.  Egypt was also highly influential due to following societies due to technological/literary developments.

Paneb is significant because the store and criminal provided a contrast to the seeemingly harmonious life of Egyptians in the early civilizations.  Paneb also helps demonstrate the intimate interweavings of a small close-knit village (or even "suburb").  Paneb was highly regarded because of his profession, so this also gives us an insight into the importance of tomb workers and their hirearchical positions.

Nubia is significant because it expanded the already existing grasp of Egypt.  This also opened venues of trade and communication that would have been otherwise non-existant.  This alliance also opened up the Nubian people to a more advanced society so they could further develop their literature and overall infrastructure.