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- Greg Malivuk
- gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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- To see if a suffix changes the stress, put it on words with different stress patterns:
- employ - verb with stress on the second syllable
- manage - verb with stress on the first syllable
- -er: employer, manager - “er” doesn’t change the stress
- -ment: employment, management - “ment” doesn’t change the stress
- -able: employable, manageable - “able” doesn’t change the stress
- Typically, if a suffix moves the stress, it moves it later in the word (toward or to the suffix)
- nation - noun with stress on the first syllable
- national - “al” doesn’t move stress (*but it does change the pronuncation of the ‘a’)
- nationality - “ity” moves the stress to the syllable before it
- - This also tells you where the stress should be in an unfamiliar word ending in “ity”.
- “echogenicity”
- specify -> specific - “ic” moves the stress to the syllable before it
- (specificity)
- specification -> “ion” moves the stress to the syllabe before it
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- p. 51 exercise 1B - Without listening, put a circle where you think the primary stress is in each word.
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- Review: What do we change about the pronunciation when we change the stress?
- ex: desert / dessert
- - higher tone (this is the most important and noticeable change)
- - longer vowel
- - louder voice (this is the least important change)
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- Reduced vowels (schwa)
- photograph -> photography (The stressed syllable is before the “graphy” ending.)
- - In both words, the unstressed ‘o’ is pronounced like a schwa /ə/
- PHO tə graph / phə TO grəph y
- The most common vowel sound in English is the schwa, because most vowels get pronounced like this when they don’t have stress. (/o/ and /i/ at the end of a word are exceptions)
- potato = pə ta to
- misogyny = mə so gə ny
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- p. 53 exercise 3A - listen and repeat the words
- exercise 4A - circle the vowels that are pronounced as schwa
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- Homework: p. 54 exercise 5 - put the words from the box in the correct column based on stress
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