library(stringr)
texts <- c("I doubt it! :)", ";) disagree, but ok.", "No emoticons here!!!")
smileys <- c(":)","(:",";)",":D")
str_extract_all(texts, fixed(smileys))

Warning message:
In stri_extract_all_fixed(string, pattern, simplify = simplify,  :
longer object length is not a multiple of shorter object length```

texts %>% map(~ str_extract_all(.x, fixed(smileys)))