ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b4de1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1       60053   482372608   83  Linux
/dev/sda2           60053       60802     6010881    5  Extended
/dev/sda5           60053       60802     6010880   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 8010 MB, 8010194944 bytes
247 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1021 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 15314 * 512 = 7840768 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000aa28e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1   *           1        1021     7817766    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo chroot /mnt
root@ubuntu:/# pwd
/
root@ubuntu:/# ls
bin   cdrom  etc   initrd.img  lost+found  mnt	proc  sbin     srv  tmp  var
boot  dev    home  lib	       media	   opt	root  selinux  sys  usr  vmlinuz
root@ubuntu:/# grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Installation finished. No error reported.
root@ubuntu:/# sudo update-grub2
sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu
Generating grub.cfg ...
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-38-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-38-generic
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel?
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
Failed to set up list of device-mapper major numbers
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
/proc/devices: fopen failed: No such file or directory
grep: /proc/mounts: No such file or directory
done
root@ubuntu:/#