2020-02-19 Grammar: conditionals

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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Homework: p. 34 exercise 3 - Circle the verbs and verb phrases, underline the adverbs and adverb phrases, and be sure you know which words they modify.
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Positions of adverbials:
- frequency adverbs usually go before the main verb (but after the first auxiliary verb)
	He usually studies. I am usually studying at 6. They have always lived there.
- adverbs of manner usually go after the main verb and the object (but can be before the main verb if the object is long)
	You can see him clearly. (NOT “You can see clearly him.”)
	You can clearly see the man with the yellow hat and the black leather jacket.
	(probably not “You can see the man with the yellow hat and the black leather jacket clearly.”)
- adverbial phrases can go at the beginning or the end of the sentence, purpose is usually last
	(Use a comma after the phrase if it’s at the beginning of the sentence.)
	I go running in the morning in order to lose weight.
	(“I go running in order to lose weight in the morning.” = I want to lose weight in the morning, so I go running.)
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One common type of adverbial clause is the conditional. (See handout)

The only “special” rule for real conditionals is that we don’t use future grammar for future conditions.
	If it rains tomorrow, I will bring an umbrella.

For unreal conditionals, we backshift the condition clause to the past or the past perfect, and we use unreal modals like “would”, “could”, and “might” in the result clause.

Unreal conditionals imagine hypothetical situations that didn’t or won’t happen. The real situation is the opposite (switch affirmative and negative).
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If I won the lottery tomorrow, I would quit my job.
= I won’t win the lottery tomorrow, so I won’t quit my job.

If I were rich, I would live in a big house.
= I’m not rich, so I don’t live in a big house.

If you had studied, you would have passed the test.
= You didn’t study, so you didn’t pass the test.

If I had studied more, I wouldn’t be so nervous about today’s test.
= I didn’t study enough, so I am nervous about today’s test.
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I ate that entire pizza, so I got sick.
-> If I hadn’t eaten that entire pizza, I wouldn’t have gotten sick.
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https://www.teach-this.com/downloads/1048-complete-the-conditional/file
- Think of a logical way to complete each sentence on the “Student A” page.
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Homework (optional): write a sentence about the real situation for each conditional
example:
1 I didn't study very hard, so I didn't pass the test.