PowerText

//-----------------------------------------
//          PowerText
// More info/instructions:
//  http://powerhoof.com/PowerText
//  dave@powerhoof.com
//  @DuzzOnDrums
//----------------------------------------

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using PowerTools;
using PowerTools.PowerTextUtils;

namespace PowerTools
{

#region Class: PowerText

/** <summary>
Usage:
- Create a new PowerText().
- Call Parse(string inputText); to parse the input text.
- Call GetString(string groupName); to generate a string from the name of a group.

See http://tools.powerhoof.com for examples
*/
public class PowerText
{
    #endregion
    #region Definitions

    // Matches any nonspace character between two semicolons, eg. :ANIMAL:
    static readonly Regex s_regexGroup = new Regex(@"^:(?<group> \S+?):", RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace | RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);

    // Matches a stuff on a line within a group. This is probably insantely inefficient :D
    static readonly Regex s_regexLine = new Regex(
            @"(^//.*) |"                        // Comments are a line starting with '//'
            + @"(^\[(?<weight>\d*\.?\d+)\]) | " // Weight is a group that's just got a number in it at the start of a line (this controls how often that string will be used)
            + @"(?<empty>\[\s*\]) | "           // Empty line is ignored unless it has [] on it
            + @"(?<ps> \[\#\]) | "              // Start of pluralized denoted by [#] (eg: I have [#]40 hat[s])
            + @"(?<pe> \[\\\#\]) | "             // End of pluralized denoted by [\#] (eg: I have [#]40 hat[s])
            + @"(?<s>\[s\]) | (?<es>\[es\]) | (\[/(?<plr> \w+)\]) | "  // Plurals are [s], [es] or [/PluralOfPreviousWord]
            + @"(\[(?<ref> \S+?)\]) | "          // Ref (reference to another group) is nonspace character between brackets eg. [ANIMAL] // TODO: Check why that 2nd ? is in there...
            + @"(?<text> [^\[\r]+)",             // Text is anything that's not a new line.
        RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace | RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);

    // Matches first letter of line, or first letter after a full stop or equivalent
    static readonly Regex s_regexCapital = new Regex(@"((?<=^\W*)\w) | ((?<=[.:!?]\s*)\w)", RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace | RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);

    // Matches a followed by space and a vowel (unless directly after non-whitespace, ie the end of a word)
    static readonly Regex s_regexAn = new Regex(@"(?<!\S)a(?=\s+[aeiou])", RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace | RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);

    static readonly char[] LINEDELIM = {'\n'};

    static readonly string MATCH_GROUP = "group";
    static readonly string MATCH_EMPTY = "empty";
    static readonly string MATCH_WEIGHT = "weight";
    static readonly string MATCH_REF = "ref";
    static readonly string MATCH_TEXT = "text";
    static readonly string MATCH_PLURALISE_START = "ps";
    static readonly string MATCH_PLURALISE_END = "pe";
    static readonly string MATCH_PLURAL_S = "s";
    static readonly string MATCH_PLURAL_ES = "es";
    static readonly string MATCH_PLURAL = "plr";

    #endregion
    #region Vars: private

    Dictionary<string, PowerTextNodeGroup> m_groups = new Dictionary<string, PowerTextNodeGroup>();

    #endregion
    #region Funcs: public

    /// Find a string from the group name (the thing between the colons. eg. :WeaponName: )
    public string GetString(string groupName)
    {
        string result = string.Empty;
        PowerTextNodeGroup group = null;
        if ( m_groups.TryGetValue(groupName.ToUpper(), out group) )
        {
            bool plural = false;
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            group.Build(builder, ref plural);
            result = builder.ToString();
            result = PostProcess(result);
        }
        return result;
    }


    /// Takes the input text and parses it. Do this before "GetString"
    public void Parse(string text)
    {
        string[] textLines = text.Split(LINEDELIM,10000);

        PowerTextNodeGroup currentGroup = null;
        PowerTextNodeLine currentLine = null;

        for (int i = 0; i < textLines.Length; ++i )
        {
            string lineText = textLines[i];
            Match groupMatch = s_regexGroup.Match(lineText);
            if ( groupMatch.Success )
            {
                // Parse group name
                    string groupName = groupMatch.Groups[MATCH_GROUP].Value;
                currentGroup = FindOrCreateGroup(groupName);
            }
            else if ( currentGroup != null )
            {
                // Add node for line
                currentLine = new PowerTextNodeLine();

                bool lineHasContent = false;
                PowerTextNodeString lastStringNode = null;

                MatchCollection lineMatches = s_regexLine.Matches(lineText);
                foreach( Match lineMatch in lineMatches )
                {
                    if ( lineMatch.Success && lineMatch.Groups == null )
                        continue;

                    if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_EMPTY].Success)
                    {
                        lineHasContent = true;
                        currentLine.Append( (PowerTextNodeString)(string.Empty) );
                    }
                    if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_WEIGHT].Success)
                    {
                        lineHasContent = true;
                            float.TryParse(lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_WEIGHT].Value, out currentLine.m_weight);
                    }
                    if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_REF].Success)
                    {
                        lineHasContent = true;
                            currentLine.Append( FindOrCreateGroup(lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_REF].Value) );
                    }
                    if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_TEXT].Success )
                    {
                        string value = lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_TEXT].Value;
                        if ( string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) == false )
                        {
                            lineHasContent = true;
                            lastStringNode = (PowerTextNodeString)value;
                            currentLine.Append( lastStringNode );
                        }
                    }
                    if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_PLURALISE_START].Success )
                    {
                        lineHasContent = true;
                        currentLine.Append( new PowerTextNodePluralFlag(true) );
                    }
                    if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_PLURALISE_END].Success )
                    {
                        currentLine.Append( new PowerTextNodePluralFlag(false) );
                    }

                    // Parse "plural" stuff
                    if ( lastStringNode != null )
                    {
                        if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_PLURAL_S].Success ) lastStringNode.SetPlural(PowerTextNodeString.ePluralType.s);
                        if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_PLURAL_ES].Success ) lastStringNode.SetPlural(PowerTextNodeString.ePluralType.es);
                        if ( lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_PLURAL].Success )
                        {
                            string value = lineMatch.Groups[MATCH_PLURAL].Value;
                            if ( string.IsNullOrEmpty(value) == false )
                            {
                                lastStringNode.SetPlural(PowerTextNodeString.ePluralType.Custom, value);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if ( lineHasContent )
                    currentGroup.AddOption(currentLine);
            }
        }
    }

    /// Sets a text variable by name (in the script, write [name] to use the variable)
    public void SetVariable(string name, string value)
    {
        ParseGroup(name, value);
    }

    /// Sets an int variable by name, marking it as plural if it's not 1 (in the script, write [name] to use the variable)
    public void SetVariable(string name, int value)
    {
        if ( value != 1 )
            ParseGroup(name, value.ToString()+"[#]");
        else
            ParseGroup(name, value.ToString());
    }


    #endregion
    #region Funcs: Private

    PowerTextNodeGroup FindOrCreateGroup(string name)
    {
        PowerTextNodeGroup node = null;
        name = name.ToUpper();
        if ( m_groups.TryGetValue(name, out node) )
        {
            return node;
        }
        node = new PowerTextNodeGroup();
        m_groups.Add(name, node);
        return node;
    }

    PowerTextNodeGroup ParseGroup(string name, string lines)
    {
        PowerTextNodeGroup group = FindOrCreateGroup(name);
        return group;
    }

    string PostProcess( string text )
    {
        // Capitalise first alphanumeric of sentance, or after . ; - ! ?
        text = s_regexCapital.Replace(text, ReplaceCapital);

        // Change a to an
        return s_regexAn.Replace(text,ReplaceAn);
    }

    string ReplaceAn(Match match)
    {
        return string.Concat(match.ToString(),'n');
    }

    string ReplaceCapital(Match match)
    {
        return match.ToString().ToUpper();
    }
    #endregion
}



#region Class: PowerTextNodes

// Interface to PowerTextNode with generic function to generate the string
public interface IPowerTextNode
{
    void Build( StringBuilder builder, ref bool pluralize );
    float GetWeight();
}

// Node that returns random node from list
public class PowerTextNodeGroup: IPowerTextNode
{
    public List<IPowerTextNode> m_options = null;
    ShuffledIndex m_shuffledIndex;
    float m_maxWeight = 1;

    public void Build( StringBuilder builder, ref bool plural )
    {
        if ( m_options == null || m_options.Count <= 0 )
            return;

        if ( m_shuffledIndex == null ) m_shuffledIndex = new ShuffledIndex(m_options.Count);

        for ( int i = 0; i <= m_shuffledIndex.Length*2; ++i ) // Loop through shuffled list until find an entry that satisfies weight constraint (only necessary if all have weight of zero).
        {
            m_shuffledIndex.Next();
            float weight = m_options[m_shuffledIndex].GetWeight();
            if ( weight >= m_maxWeight || (weight > 0.0f && weight >= Random.value * m_maxWeight) )
            {
                m_options[m_shuffledIndex].Build(builder, ref plural);
                break;
            }
        }

    }

    public float GetWeight() { return 1.0f; }

    public void AddOption(IPowerTextNode node)
    {
        if ( m_options == null )
            m_options = new List<IPowerTextNode>();
        m_options.Add(node);
        m_maxWeight = Mathf.Max(m_maxWeight, node.GetWeight());
    }

}

// Node that returns a bunch of nodes concatenated (eg: "hello " + [name] + " how are you today?" is 3 PowerTextNodeLines)
public class PowerTextNodeLine: IPowerTextNode
{
    public List<IPowerTextNode> m_strings;

    public float m_weight = 1;

    public void Build( StringBuilder builder, ref bool plural )
    {
        if ( m_strings == null )
            return;
        for ( int i = 0; i < m_strings.Count; ++i )
            m_strings[i].Build(builder, ref plural);
    }

    public float GetWeight() { return m_weight; }

    public void Append(IPowerTextNode node)
    {
        if ( m_strings == null )
            m_strings = new List<IPowerTextNode>();
        m_strings.Add(node);
    }
}

public class PowerTextNodeString : IPowerTextNode
{
    // Text nodes can have an alternate plural, migth j ust append 's' or 'es' or might replace the whole word
    public enum ePluralType
    {
        None,
        s,
        es,
        Custom
    }

    string m_string = null;
    ePluralType m_pluralType = ePluralType.None;
    string m_pluralString = null;

    public PowerTextNodeString(string str) {m_string = str;}
    public static implicit operator PowerTextNodeString(string str)
    {
        return new PowerTextNodeString(str);
    }

    public void SetPlural( ePluralType type, string customString = null )
    {
        m_pluralType = type;
        m_pluralString = customString;
    }

    public void Build( StringBuilder builder, ref bool plural )
    {
        // Check if it should make the text end with a plural
        if ( m_pluralType != ePluralType.None && plural )
        {
            if ( m_pluralType == ePluralType.Custom )
            {
                // Custom plural means it'll replace the entire last word (eg:  life/lives)
                int pos = m_string.LastIndexOf(' ');
                if ( pos > 0 && pos < m_string.Length )
                    builder.Append(m_string.Substring(0,pos));
                builder.Append(m_pluralString);
            }
            else if ( m_pluralType == ePluralType.s )
            {
                builder.Append(m_string);
                builder.Append('s');
            }
            else if ( m_pluralType == ePluralType.es )
            {
                builder.Append(m_string);
                builder.Append("es");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            builder.Append(m_string);
        }
    }

    public float GetWeight() { return 1.0f; }
}

public class PowerTextNodePluralFlag : IPowerTextNode
{
    bool m_pluralize = false;
    public PowerTextNodePluralFlag(bool pluralize) { m_pluralize = pluralize; }
    public void Build( StringBuilder builder, ref bool pluralize ) { pluralize = m_pluralize; }
    public float GetWeight() { return 1.0f; }
}


#endregion

}

#region Class: Utils

// Utils- Normally these would be in seperate file.

namespace PowerTools.PowerTextUtils
{

public class ShuffledIndex
{
    int m_current = -2; // -2 so if next() is called first, it'll still reshuffle the first time because the index will still be invalid
    int[] m_ids = null;

    public ShuffledIndex(int count)
    {
        m_ids = new int[count];
        for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i )
        {
            m_ids[i] = i;
        }
    }

    public int Next()
    {
        m_current++;
        return (int)this;
    }

    public static implicit operator int(ShuffledIndex m)
    {
        if ( m.m_ids.Length == 0 )
            return -1;
        if ( m.m_current < 0 || m.m_current >= m.m_ids.Length )
        {
            int previousValue = m.m_ids[m.m_ids.Length - 1];

            m.m_ids.Shuffle();
            m.m_current = 0;

            // Check if it's repeating the last value and if so, swap the first elements around so you don't get 2 in a row (only if more than 1 element)
            if ( m.m_ids.Length > 1 && previousValue == m.m_ids[0] )
                Utils.Swap(ref m.m_ids[0], ref m.m_ids[1]);
        }
        return m.m_ids[m.m_current];
    }

    public int Length { get{ return m_ids.Length; } }
}

public static class Utils
{
    // Extention method to shuffle an array
   public static void Shuffle<T>( this T[] list )
   {
        T temp;
        int j = 0;
        int count = list.Length;
        for ( int i = count - 1; i >= 1; --i )
        {
            j = Random.Range(0,i+1);
            // swap
            temp = list[i];
            list[i] = list[j];
            list[j] = temp;
        }
    }

    // Usually I have this in a util class it's pretty useful :)
    public static void Swap<T>(ref T lhs, ref T rhs)
    {
        T temp;
        temp = lhs;
        lhs = rhs;
        rhs = temp;
    }
}

}
#endregion