function isInArray(array, value, caseSensitive)
    if(caseSensitive == nil or caseSensitive == false) and type(value) == "string" then
        local lowerValue = value:lower()
        for _, _value in ipairs(array) do
            if type(_value) == "string" and lowerValue == _value:lower() then
                return true
            end
        end
    else
        for _, _value in ipairs(array) do
            if (value == _value) then return true end
        end
    end

    return false
end

function doSetItemActionId(lols, actionid)
return doItemSetAttribute(lols, "aid", actionid)
end
function comparePos(pos1, pos2)
    return (pos1.x == pos2.x and pos1.y == pos2.y and pos1.z == pos2.z)
end

function doPlayerGiveItem(cid, itemid, amount, subType)
    local item = 0
    if(isItemStackable(itemid)) then
        item = doCreateItemEx(itemid, amount)
        if(doPlayerAddItemEx(cid, item, true) ~= RETURNVALUE_NOERROR) then
            return false
        end
    else
        for i = 1, amount do
            item = doCreateItemEx(itemid, subType)
            if(doPlayerAddItemEx(cid, item, true) ~= RETURNVALUE_NOERROR) then
                return false
            end
        end
    end

    return true
end

function doPlayerGiveItemContainer(cid, containerid, itemid, amount, subType)
    for i = 1, amount do
        local container = doCreateItemEx(containerid, 1)
        for x = 1, getContainerCapById(containerid) do
            doAddContainerItem(container, itemid, subType)
        end

        if(doPlayerAddItemEx(cid, container, true) ~= RETURNVALUE_NOERROR) then
            return false
        end
    end

    return true
end

function doPlayerTakeItem(cid, itemid, amount)
    return getPlayerItemCount(cid, itemid) >= amount and doPlayerRemoveItem(cid, itemid, amount)
end

function doPlayerSellItem(cid, itemid, count, cost)
    if(not doPlayerTakeItem(cid, itemid, count)) then
        return false
    end

    if(not doPlayerAddMoney(cid, cost)) then
        error('[doPlayerSellItem] Could not add money to: ' .. getPlayerName(cid) .. ' (' .. cost .. 'gp).')
    end

    return true
end

function doPlayerWithdrawMoney(cid, amount)
    if(not getBooleanFromString(getConfigInfo('bankSystem'))) then
        return false
    end

    local balance = getPlayerBalance(cid)
    if(amount > balance or not doPlayerAddMoney(cid, amount)) then
        return false
    end

    doPlayerSetBalance(cid, balance - amount)
    return true
end

function doPlayerDepositMoney(cid, amount)
    if(not getBooleanFromString(getConfigInfo('bankSystem'))) then
        return false
    end

    if(not doPlayerRemoveMoney(cid, amount)) then
        return false
    end

    doPlayerSetBalance(cid, getPlayerBalance(cid) + amount)
    return true
end

function doPlayerAddStamina(cid, minutes)
    return doPlayerSetStamina(cid, getPlayerStamina(cid) + minutes)
end

function isPremium(cid)
    return (isPlayer(cid) and (getPlayerPremiumDays(cid) > 0 or getBooleanFromString(getConfigValue('freePremium'))))
end

function getMonthDayEnding(day)
    if(day == "01" or day == "21" or day == "31") then
        return "st"
    elseif(day == "02" or day == "22") then
        return "nd"
    elseif(day == "03" or day == "23") then
        return "rd"
    end

    return "th"
end

function getMonthString(m)
    return os.date("%B", os.time{year = 1970, month = m, day = 1})
end

function getArticle(str)
    return str:find("[AaEeIiOoUuYy]") == 1 and "an" or "a"
end

function doNumberFormat(i)
    local str, found = string.gsub(i, "(%d)(%d%d%d)$", "%1,%2", 1), 0
    repeat
        str, found = string.gsub(str, "(%d)(%d%d%d),", "%1,%2,", 1)
    until found == 0
    return str
end

function doPlayerAddAddons(cid, addon)
    for i = 0, table.maxn(maleOutfits) do
        doPlayerAddOutfit(cid, maleOutfits[i], addon)
    end

    for i = 0, table.maxn(femaleOutfits) do
        doPlayerAddOutfit(cid, femaleOutfits[i], addon)
    end
end

function getTibiaTime(num)
    local minutes, hours = getWorldTime(), 0
    while (minutes > 60) do
        hours = hours + 1
        minutes = minutes - 60
    end

    if(num) then
        return {hours = hours, minutes = minutes}
    end

    return {hours =  hours < 10 and '0' .. hours or '' .. hours, minutes = minutes < 10 and '0' .. minutes or '' .. minutes}
end

function doWriteLogFile(file, text)
    local f = io.open(file, "a+")
    if(not f) then
        return false
    end

    f:write("[" .. os.date("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S") .. "] " .. text .. "\n")
    f:close()
    return true
end

function getExperienceForLevel(lv)
    lv = lv - 1
    return ((50 * lv * lv * lv) - (150 * lv * lv) + (400 * lv)) / 3
end

function doMutePlayer(cid, time)
    local condition = createConditionObject(CONDITION_MUTED, (time == -1 and time or time * 1000))
    return doAddCondition(cid, condition, false)

end

function doSummonCreature(name, pos)
    local cid = doCreateMonster(name, pos, false, false)
    if(not cid) then
        cid = doCreateNpc(name, pos)
    end

    return cid
end

function getPlayersOnlineEx()
    local players = {}
    for i, cid in ipairs(getPlayersOnline()) do
        table.insert(players, getCreatureName(cid))
    end

    return players
end

function getPlayerByName(name)
    local cid = getCreatureByName(name)
    return isPlayer(cid) and cid or nil
end

function isPlayer(cid)
    return isCreature(cid) and cid >= AUTOID_PLAYERS and cid < AUTOID_MONSTERS
end

function isPlayerGhost(cid)
    return isPlayer(cid) and (getCreatureCondition(cid, CONDITION_GAMEMASTER, GAMEMASTER_INVISIBLE, CONDITIONID_DEFAULT) or getPlayerFlagValue(cid, PLAYERFLAG_CANNOTBESEEN))
end

function isMonster(cid)
    return isCreature(cid) and cid >= AUTOID_MONSTERS and cid < AUTOID_NPCS
end

function isNpc(cid)
    -- Npc IDs are over int32_t range (which is default for lua_pushnumber),
    -- therefore number is always a negative value.
    return isCreature(cid) and (cid < 0 or cid >= AUTOID_NPCS)
end

function isUnderWater(cid)
    return isInArray(underWater, getTileInfo(getCreaturePosition(cid)).itemid)
end

function doPlayerAddLevel(cid, amount, round)
    local experience, level, amount = 0, getPlayerLevel(cid), amount or 1
    if(amount > 0) then
        experience = getExperienceForLevel(level + amount) - (round and getPlayerExperience(cid) or getExperienceForLevel(level))
    else
        experience = -((round and getPlayerExperience(cid) or getExperienceForLevel(level)) - getExperienceForLevel(level + amount))
    end

    return doPlayerAddExperience(cid, experience)
end

function doPlayerAddMagLevel(cid, amount)
    local amount = amount or 1
    for i = 1, amount do
        doPlayerAddSpentMana(cid, getPlayerRequiredMana(cid, getPlayerMagLevel(cid, true) + 1) - getPlayerSpentMana(cid), false)
    end

    return true
end

function doPlayerAddSkill(cid, skill, amount, round)
    local amount = amount or 1
    if(skill == SKILL__LEVEL) then
        return doPlayerAddLevel(cid, amount, round)
    elseif(skill == SKILL__MAGLEVEL) then
        return doPlayerAddMagLevel(cid, amount)
    end

    for i = 1, amount do
        doPlayerAddSkillTry(cid, skill, getPlayerRequiredSkillTries(cid, skill, getPlayerSkillLevel(cid, skill) + 1) - getPlayerSkillTries(cid, skill), false)
    end

    return true
end

function isPrivateChannel(channelId)
    return channelId >= CHANNEL_PRIVATE
end

function doBroadcastMessage(text, class)
    local class = class or MESSAGE_STATUS_WARNING
    if(type(class) == 'string') then
        local className = MESSAGE_TYPES[class]
        if(className == nil) then
            return false
        end

        class = className
    elseif(class < MESSAGE_FIRST or class > MESSAGE_LAST) then
        return false
    end

    for _, pid in ipairs(getPlayersOnline()) do
        doPlayerSendTextMessage(pid, class, text)
    end

    print("> Broadcasted message: \"" .. text .. "\".")
    return true
end

function doPlayerBroadcastMessage(cid, text, class, checkFlag, ghost)
    local checkFlag, ghost, class = checkFlag or true, ghost or false, class or TALKTYPE_BROADCAST
    if(checkFlag and not getPlayerFlagValue(cid, PLAYERFLAG_CANBROADCAST)) then
        return false
    end

    if(type(class) == 'string') then
        local className = TALKTYPE_TYPES[class]
        if(className == nil) then
            return false
        end

        class = className
    elseif(class < TALKTYPE_FIRST or class > TALKTYPE_LAST) then
        return false
    end

    for _, pid in ipairs(getPlayersOnline()) do
        doCreatureSay(cid, text, class, ghost, pid)
    end

    print("> " .. getCreatureName(cid) .. " broadcasted message: \"" .. text .. "\".")
    return true
end

function doCopyItem(item, attributes)
    local attributes = ((type(attributes) == 'table') and attributes or { "aid" })

    local ret = doCreateItemEx(item.itemid, item.type)
    for _, key in ipairs(attributes) do
        local value = getItemAttribute(item.uid, key)
        if(value ~= nil) then
            doItemSetAttribute(ret, key, value)
        end
    end

    if(isContainer(item.uid)) then
        for i = (getContainerSize(item.uid) - 1), 0, -1 do
            local tmp = getContainerItem(item.uid, i)
            if(tmp.itemid > 0) then
                doAddContainerItemEx(ret, doCopyItem(tmp, true).uid)
            end
        end
    end

    return getThing(ret)
end

function doSetItemText(uid, text, writer, date)
    local thing = getThing(uid)
    if(thing.itemid < 100) then
        return false
    end

    doItemSetAttribute(uid, "text", text)
    if(writer ~= nil) then
        doItemSetAttribute(uid, "writer", tostring(writer))
        if(date ~= nil) then
            doItemSetAttribute(uid, "date", tonumber(date))
        end
    end

    return true
end

function getItemWeightById(itemid, count, precision)
    local item, count, precision = getItemInfo(itemid), count or 1, precision or false
    if(not item) then
        return false
    end

    if(count > 100) then
        -- print a warning, as its impossible to have more than 100 stackable items without "cheating" the count
        print('[Warning] getItemWeightById', 'Calculating weight for more than 100 items!')
    end

    local weight = item.weight * count
    return precission and weight or math.round(weight, 2)
end

function choose(...)
    local arg, ret = {...}

    if type(arg[1]) == 'table' then
        ret = arg[1][math.random(#arg[1])]
    else
        ret = arg[math.random(#arg)]
    end

    return ret
end

function doPlayerAddExpEx(cid, amount)
    if(not doPlayerAddExp(cid, amount)) then
        return false
    end

    local position = getThingPosition(cid)
    doPlayerSendTextMessage(cid, MESSAGE_EXPERIENCE, "You gained " .. amount .. " experience.", amount, COLOR_WHITE, position)

    local spectators, name = getSpectators(position, 7, 7), getCreatureName(cid)
    for _, pid in ipairs(spectators) do
        if(isPlayer(pid) and cid ~= pid) then
            doPlayerSendTextMessage(pid, MESSAGE_EXPERIENCE_OTHERS, name .. " gained " .. amount .. " experience.", amount, COLOR_WHITE, position)
        end
    end

    return true
end

function getItemTopParent(uid)
    local parent = getItemParent(uid)
    if(not parent or parent.uid == 0) then
        return nil
    end

    while(true) do
        local tmp = getItemParent(parent.uid)
        if(tmp and tmp.uid ~= 0) then
            parent = tmp
        else
            break
        end
    end

    return parent
end

function getItemHolder(uid)
    local parent = getItemParent(uid)
    if(not parent or parent.uid == 0) then
        return nil
    end

    local holder = nil
    while(true) do
        local tmp = getItemParent(parent.uid)
        if(tmp and tmp.uid ~= 0) then
            if(tmp.itemid == 1) then -- a creature
                holder = tmp
                break
            end

            parent = tmp
        else
            break
        end
    end

    return holder
end

function valid(f)
    return function(p, ...)
        if(isCreature(p)) then
            return f(p, ...)
        end
    end
end