2019-02-27 Grammar: gerund forms

Homework: p. 96 exercise 8 - Write these sentences about yourself.
1 I often neglect to make my lunch.
2 I learned to speak English in English class.
3 I can’t afford to buy a car.
4 I would never hesitate to accept help.
5 I would refuse to kill someone.
6 I think I deserve to receive some vacation.
7 I tend to keep silent in a room full of strangers.
8 I would pretend to be a princess when I was a child.
9 People in this class appeared to lack good English skills.
10 I would never care to meet Michael Jackson.
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p. 108 step 1 - Ask your partners about these things (try to add two for each person for each column)
(This handout is about gerunds. After “enjoy”, use the verb+ing form!)
I enjoy sleeping late.
I enjoy not waking up early.
I don’t enjoy doing laundry, but I have to every weekend.
I don’t enjoy drinking alcohol, so I just eat gummy vitamins instead.
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-Cy -> -Cies (consonant+y -> consonant+ies: party-parties, study-studies)
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Gerunds
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These can also be affirmative or negative, active or passive, simple or perfect.
(We don’t typically use progressive gerunds.)
+/-: I enjoy sleeping. I enjoy not waking up.
active/passive: I enjoy hearing other people. I enjoy being heard by other people.
	I enjoy telling people what to do. I don’t enjoy being told what to do.
simple/perfect: I worry about failing. I worry about having failed.
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p. 109 exercise 2 - Use gerund phrases to restate each sentence.
1 I like being asked for my suggestions about ways to improve my language skills.
2 Your teacher really appreciates your having been so careful with this homework.
3 Mary suspected John of planning to contact Charlie’s old girlfriend.
4 The teacher didn’t plan on the students’ having forgotten the grammar rules.
5 I think that John is disappointed about not being selected. / about not having been selected.
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His smoking bothers me. I wish he’d do it somewhere else.
- gerunds function like nouns, so we use possessives to say who does the gerund action
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I saw him driving. = I saw him while he was driving.
I saw his driving. = I saw the way that he drives. (Maybe I didn’t actually see him at all, but I recognized the car.)
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Without mentioning a person before the gerund, it might mean the subject does it, or it might mean the action in general.
I enjoy running. = I run, and I enjoy it.
I approve of running. = I approve of anyone in general doing this activity.

I don’t mind singing, I just can’t stand your singing.
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Homework: p. 111 exercise 4 - Underline the gerund phrase and draw an arrow to the person doing the action.