STUDY  GUIDE
Global Geography
Auburn University
Spring 2012
J. Norwood


1. Which of the following statements about the physical environment of the Austral
realm is false?
A) New Zealand has earthquakes and volcanoes, Australia does not.
B) Australia’s rocks are much older than those of New Zealand.
C) Australia’s highest mountains are the Great Dividing Range, while New Zealand
has a spine of much higher mountains.
D) New Zealand has a moderate, moist climate. Australia’s climates vary from tropical, to Mediterranean, to desert.
E) New Zealand has a plateau interior, while Australia’s interior is mostly desert.

2.The animals found in Australia who carry their young in pouches are collectively known as:
A) Marsupials
B) Kangaroos
C) Platypuses
D) Maoris
E) Tasmanians

3. __________ is the study of flora and fauna in spatial perspective.
A) Biology
B) Zoogeography
C) marsupial studies
D) Biogeography
E) plant geography

4. Wallace’s Line refers to:
A) the point in Australia where earthquakes are particularly severe
B) the line separating Australian species from non-Australian species
C) the midpoint of the Great Dividing Range
D) the point at which Australian waters are divided from New Zealand waters
E) the dividing line between the aboriginal and modern Australian territories

5. Native Australians are known as:
A) Maoris
B) Cook Islanders
C) Aborigines
D) Indians
E) Guineans



6. Native Australians came to the landmass _________ years ago:
A) 1,000,000
B) 50,000
C) after the Europeans
D) 10,000,000
E) 1,000

7. Australia is seeing its most significant growth in immigration from:
A) East Asia
B) New Zealand
C) India
D) South America
E) United States

8. For many years, Australia had an immigration policy that:
A) allowed only white people to enter the country
B)  forced Aborigines to move to Africa
C) encouraged migration from Japan
D) allowed only former criminals to move into the country
E) only allowed relatives of gold miners to enter the country

9. Today, about _______% of Australia’s population is from the British Isles
A) 10
B) 33
C) 90
D) 1
E) 67

10. Which of the following is not one of Australia’s three major problems mentioned in the text?
A) Aboriginal issues
B) Environmental degradation
C) Immigration issues
D) border disputes
E) all of the above are major Australian problems mentioned in the text

11. Which of the following statements is false?
A) Australia’s total population is modest in size.
B) The largest core area of Australia is on the southeastern coast.
C) Most Australians live in rural areas.
D) Much of Australia is arid or semiarid.
E) The capital of Australia is Canberra.





12. Which of the following cities is located nearest the Australian capital of Canberra?
A) Perth
B) Melbourne
C) Auckland
D) Oakland
E) Wellington

13. The governmental structure of Australia is that of a:
A) federal republic
B) unitary state
C) socialist society
D) monarchy
E) communist society

14. Australia’s major trading partner is:
A) England
B) the United States
C) New Zealand
D) India
E) Japan

15. The island off the south coast of Australia is known as:
A) Tasmania
B) Canberra
C) Sydney
D) New Guinea
E) Christmas Island

16. Most of the core area of Australia is in the:
A) northwest
B) northeast
C) southwest
D) southeast
E) central part of the country

17. About ___ % of Australians live in cities or towns.
A) 20
B) 40
C) 85
D) 10
E) 12





18. The Australian capital city is:
A) Canberra, a federal district
B) Sydney, which is half way between Melbourne and Adelaide
C) located in the Northern Territory
D) located just west of the Great Dividing Range
E) Auckland, just to the south of Wellington

19. The rural areas of Australia are known as the:
A) Backward Zone
B) Outlands
C) Aboriginal Territories
D) Northern Territory
E) Outback

20. Australia’s big three income earners are:
A) wool, meat, and wheat
B) oil, natural gas, and coal
C) citrus, tea, and coffee
D) barley, rice, and wheat
E) none of the above

21. Which of the following is true?
A) Australia’s population is quickly approaching 100 million.
B) Only one-third of Australia’s population is of British-Irish origin.
C) The aborigines are gradually losing rights.
D) Australia has very few natural resources.
E) All of the above are false.

22.The agricultural activity most closely associated with Australia’s moistest environment is:
A) dairying
B) sheep raising
C) wheat farming
D) growing sugar beets
E) oasis agriculture

23. Australia had recognized Indonesia’s occupation of which area?
A) East Timor
B) Luzon
C) Malaysia
D) Brunei
E) Singapore





24. A minority group of Polynesian ancestry in New Zealand is the:
A) Aborigine
B) Maori
C) Kiwi
D) Micronesian
E) none of the above

25. The interior of New Zealand:
A) contains rugged highlands that are sparsely populated
B) exhibits a dry land climate much like Australia’s interior
C) contains the island’s capital, largest city, and fertile outback
D) is home to more than half of the country's Indonesian aborigines
E) is the site of the capital of Wellington


26. Which of the following is not an Old World culture hearth?
A) the Indus Valley
B) the Ganges Delta
C) Mesopotamia
D) the Mecca area of the Arabian Peninsula
E) the lower Nile Valley



27. Which area was least influenced by the spread of Islam?
A) Yemen
B) Bosnia
C) Northern Italy
D) Northern Nigeria
E) Turkestan


28. What is the difference between expansion diffusion and relocation diffusion?
A) In the case of expansion diffusion, a phenomenon originates in an area, remains strong there, and spreads outward; in relocation diffusion, the phenomenon is carried by migrants to a distant location and diffuses from there.
B) In the case of relocation diffusion, a phenomenon originates in an area, remains strong there, and spreads outward; in expansion diffusion, the phenomenon is carried to a distant location and diffuses from there.
C) Expansion diffusion involves direct contact; relocation diffusion requires a mobile host that transmits the diffused innovations at different locales.
D) Expansion diffusion continues endlessly; relocation diffusion is a staged process affecting an even larger area in periodic waves.
E) Relocation diffusion requires an agent such as radio or television; expansion diffusion takes place by direct contact.




29. Shi’ite Muslims constitute the great majority of the population of:
A) Egypt
B) Israel
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Turkey
E) Iran



30. About 85% of Muslims consider themselves:
A) Imams
B) Shi’ite
C) Asian Orthodox
D) Sharia
E) Sunni

31. The dominant form of Islam in Saudi Arabia is:
A) Sunni
B) Wahhabism
C) Shi’ite
D) Reformed
E) Maronite


32. The empire that ruled over much of Southwest Asia prior to World War I was the:
A) Ottoman
B) Persian
C) Byzantine
D) British
E) Russian

33. Which of the following countries is not a major oil producer?
A) Kuwait
B) Azerbaijan
C) Iraq
D) Iran
E) Turkey

34. The North Africa/Southwest Asia realm contains about __________ percent of the world’s oil reserves.
A) 10
B) 36
C) 63
D) 77
E) 91

35. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A) The overwhelming majority of Egypt’s people live within a dozen miles of the Nile.
B) The Blue Nile originates in Ethiopia.
C) The largest of all Nile River control projects is the Aswan High Dam.
D) Egypt’s largest city, Cairo, is located on the shores of Lake Nasser in Upper Egypt.
E) The White Nile originates in East Africa.

36. The city of __________ is located at the confluence of the White Nile and Blue Nile, and serves as the capital of __________.
A) Khartoum/Sudan
B) Timbuktu/Ethiopia
C) Cairo/Egypt
D) Kabol/Afghanistan
E) Basra/Iraq

37. The Aswan High Dam is located on the:
A) Shatt-al-Arab
B) Nile River
C) Jordan River
D) Suez Canal
E) The Tigris River

38. Egypt’s peasant farmers are known as:
A) Shatt-al-Arabs
B) fellaheen
C) Shi’ites
D) the Toilers of the Tell
E) Bedouins

39. Which of the following is not located in the vicinity of the Nile Delta?
A) Alexandria
B) Aswan High Dam
C) Cairo
D) Suez Canal
E) Lower Egypt

40. The upstream country that could control the flow of the Nile River into Egypt is:
A) Iraq
B) Sudan
C) Israel
D) Libya
E) Chad





41. Darfur Province, the recent scene of a massive ethnic cleansing, is located in the central-west of:
A) Egypt
B) Sudan
C) Libya
D) Turkey
E) Chad

42. Which of the following is not located within the Maghreb region?
A) the Atlas Mountains
B) Casablanca
C) the countries that were once called the Barbary states
D) the Mecca area of the Arabian Peninsula
E) the area known as The Tell

43. The western North African countries of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco are collectively called:
A) the Maghreb
B) the African Transition Zone
C) the Middle East
D) the Tell
E) the Levant

44. Which of the following oil producers does not border the Persian Gulf?
A) Libya
B) Kuwait
C) Iran
D) Saudi Arabia
E) United Arab Emirates

45. The major mountain range in North Africa is the:
A) Sahara Highlands
B) Atlas Mountains
C) Libyan Alps
D) Sinai
E) Golan Heights

46. Which of the following statements is false?
A) Morocco became embroiled in a territorial dispute when it annexed Western Sahara.
B) Algeria has been a nation into which many people have been migrating in the past 10 years.
C) In Algeria, oil revenues have replaced farm produce as the major export.
D) Thriving commercial agriculture is found in all three Maghreb states.
E) The entire Atlas mountain range is contained within the Maghreb states.

47. Of India’s over 1 billion population, just over_____ million are Muslims.
a) 6
b) 28
c) 65
d) 150
e) 800


48 . The major river of Pakistan is the:
a) Tigris
b) Ganges
c) Brahmaputra
d) Indus
e) Irrawaddy


49. The lava covered plateau that extends across most of southern India is known as the:
a) Punjab
b) Himalayas
c) Sind
d) Deccan
e) Kashmir

50. The area known as the “land of the five rivers” is:
a) Punjab
b) Hindustan
c) Assam
d) Pakistan
e) none of the above

51. The caste system is most associated with which of the following religions:
a) Judaism
b) Islam
c) Buddhism
d) Hinduism
e) Christianity

52. The power penetrating India from the west in the tenth century was:
a) Roman
b) Greek
c) Islam
d) Chinese
e) British


53. In 1947, British India was partitioned into which of the following states?
a) the Punjab and Assam
b) India and Pakistan
c) Kashmir and Afghanistan
d) Ceylon and Sri Lanka
e) Bangladesh and East Pakistan

54 . Centrifugal forces:
a) tend to pull a state together, unifying it and increasing its cohesion
b) determine the effectiveness with which the boundary system functions to control the population
c) affect the binding function of the capital city
d) have the effect of dividing a state, promoting disunity and internal fragmentation
e) pull a state from representative to authoritarian forms of government


55. In India, a leading centrifugal force has been:
a) Hinduism
b) the caste system
c) education
d) the cultural force of political leadership
e) democracy

56. The priestly caste in India is known as the:
a) Hindus
b) Brahmans
c) Harijans
d) Sikhs
e) Dalits

57. The untouchable caste in India is known as the:
a) Hindus
b) Harijans
c) Brahmans
d) Sikhs
e) Tamils

58. The small group of islands 400 miles south of India are the:
a) Ceylonese
b) Sri Lankans
c) Maldives
d) Dravidians
e) Colombos