essay- is a short nonfiction work that conveys a central idea or key concept about a specific topic

its also expresses its author’s point of view, or perspective, on the topic.
speech is a nonfiction work that a speaker delivers to an audience
an author always has a purpose or reason for writing
the writing includes details to include in an essay or speech based on his or her purpose
central idea- is the author’s main or central point
style-is the author’s distinct approach to writing
Structure- is the organizational pattern the author uses to develop present his or her ideas
style includes syntax ( sentence structure, length and variety) and diction (word choice)
Rhetorical Device- are patterns of word choice, syntax and meaning used to emphasize
tone- is the author's emotional attitude toward his or her subject and audience
an expository essay- explains a topic by providing information about it or by exploring an idea related to it
a persuasive essay, or argument, attempts to convince readers to accept the writer's point of view on an issue or to take a particular course of action
a reflective essay- presents experience that inspired the writer’s thoughts or feelings about a topic.
a narrative essay- tells the story of real events or experience
a descriptive essay provides specific details to create an impression of a person, object or an experience
Address- a formal, prepared speech that is usually delivered by someone of importance
Lecture- a prepared, often formal speech that informs or instructs an audience
Talk- an informal speech delivered in a conversational style
Sermon- a prepared, often formal speech intended to teach or inspire
presentation- a prepared speech about a topic; may include visual  aids
Extemporaneous speech- a speech development
Chronological order- present events in the order in which they happen
Spatial order- presents details from left to right, bottom to top, near to far, and so on.
list organization- presents connected details consecutively or sorts them
compare and contrast organization groups ideas according to their similarities and difference
cause and effect organization- shows how one event causes another
Problem and solution organization identifies  the story