2021-04-06 BWH

Greg Malivuk
greg.malivuk@gmail.com
https://pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from past classes
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- Some weekend between now and the end of the session, we can try to meet downtown in Boston for a Freedom Trail walk.
Maryam - can’t go because she’s in California
Laura - preference for Tuesday during class time
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meet

“I would like to meet you on Sunday.” - This sounds like it would be meeting for the first time.
“I would like to meet you for coffee on Sunday.” - This is probably just arranging a meeting between people who already know each other.
“Let’s meet on Sunday.” - This could be either the first time or getting together with a friend.
“Let’s meet up on Sunday.” - This definitely sounds like getting together with a friend.

“I’m looking forward to meeting you.” - I’m going to meet you for the first time.
“I’m looking forward to seeing you.” - We’ve met before.

(“meet with” sounds like it’s a meeting or appointment)
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Less Common Tenses/Forms

future perfect: I will have lived here for five years in July.
- We might use this to describe future milestones. (Now I’ve lived here for four years and nine months, for example, which isn’t a round or interesting number.)
- We also might use it while making plans that depend on or relate to other things being done first.
	Yeah, I can get together on the 30th. I will have been fully vaccinated by then.
- You could use “be going to” instead of “will”, but it’s a bit strange.
future perfect continuous - I think I would only use this to say how long something will have been happening at a future time (mostly for milestones).
	She will have been writing for 10 years in August.

perfect continuous passive: This is almost never used, and if it is, it’s probably with “get” instead of “be” for the passive form. (We don’t like the sound of “been being”, so we prefer “been getting” if possible.)
	I’ve been getting paid too little on my last several paychecks. (not “I’ve been being”)
	(It’s not necessary to use continuous here, but the continuous form emphasizes repetition.)
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in/on/at

in - in vehicles where you can’t walk around (in a car, in a small boat or plane)
on - on vehicles where you can walk around (on a bus, on a large boat or plane)

“in the street” emphasizes that something or someone is standing where cars usually go
“on the street” can include related or nearby surfaces or areas
	“There are many people in the streets.” - This brings up an image of a protest or demonstration.
	“There are people on the street.” - They might simply be on the sidewalk going between shops.
	(Your house is on a particular street.)


“He’s in the hospital.” = He’s a patient. He’s sick or injured.
“He’s at the hospital.” = That is his location. He might be visiting or work there.
There’s a similar distinction between in school / at (the) school, in church / at (the) church, and in jail / at the jail.
	- If you are there to “participate” in whatever the location does, you are in that place.
	- If you’re there for some other reason (e.g. visiting, working, picking up a forgotten jacket), use at

Note: many of these distinctions exist mainly when the verb is “be”. If you explicitly talk about working or studying somewhere, the preposition matters less or not at all.
Also: “school”, “church”, “jail”, and related words (like “college”, “mosque”, and “prison”) can be used without “the”. If you use “the”, it’s back to just meaning the building, just like “the store” or “the bank”.
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“home”
- Sometimes this is an adverb: She’s going home.
- Usually there’s no article: I live at home. He’s at home today. Let’s talk at home.
- “the home” might mean homes in general: “It was mostly the man who worked outside the home.”
- “the home” could also mean a specific home, such as a nursing home: “She’s back at the home.” = She lives in a particular home that we don’t need to name because we both understand which one.
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“on the other hand” - This is the way we say it, so “in the other hand” is wrong even though it seems like it should make perfect sense. (You can think of it as being “on the right-hand side” or “on the left-hand side”, rather than something you’re holding in your hands.)
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on the bus - a passenger
in the back of the bus - a passenger in one of the rear seats
in back of the bus - behind the bus, for example in another car
on the back of the bus - outside the bus, either on top or on the rear surface
(“front” works the same way)

“the” means it’s part of the thing, without “the” means it’s outside the thing
	front, back, (top), north, south, east, west, northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest
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Future topics:

pronunciation (rules?) - especially for communicating with patients and children

Use of borrowed words

say/tell (and other often confused pairs)

tense overview/review (auxiliaries and prepositions, e.g.)

how to form good complex sentences (including punctuation)

American (pop) culture - entertainment
(patriotism - and flag underwear???)