2017-03-25 Saturday: 5 Travel

Greg Malivuk
greg.malivuk@gmail.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2017-03-25 Saturday: 5 Travel”
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Homework: 3-4 test
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Stand up and ask your classmates questions to find people who have done these things. If the sentence is true about a person, write their name, and ask at least one more question for additional information. Try not to write any one name more than twice.
What question should you ask to find this information?
1 Have you (ever) been to Australia?
2 Have you (ever) taught someone a new skill?
3 Have you always been interested in extreme sports?
4 Have you (ever) seen a shooting star?
5 Have you recently returned from a trip?
6 Have you eaten something very unusual?
7 Have you ever liked adventure?
8 Have you ridden a roller coaster?
9 Have you visited another country alone?
10 Have you had an unusual accident?
11 Have you ever done anything dangerous?
12 Have you decided to try something adventurous this year?
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What tense are these questions in?
- present perfect, because they’re about things that happened at some non-specific time in the past, and which could happen (again) in the future
What tense were your additional question in?
- simple past, because they’re about something that happened at a specific finished time in the past
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Grammar: simple past vs. present perfect
Have you eaten breakfast this morning? - I think you might still eat breakfast (and it’s still morning now).
Did you eat breakfast this morning? - The time for breakfast this morning is finished now. (It may or may not still be morning, but I don’t think you will eat breakfast if you haven’t yet.)
I have had one cup of coffee today (and I might have more later).
I had one cup of coffee today (and now I’m done with coffee for the day).
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If the time expression is for a completely finished time, we use simple past:
I went to Spain in 1998. I visited Florida last year. I had a nice lunch yesterday.
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p. 59 part 7 - With a partner, complete the paragraph with the correct forms of the verbs (simple past or present perfect).
1 have also flown (Their career is not finished, so they might flow over other places in the future.)
2 has done
3 once spent (He’s not still walking the Pacific coast now, so this is a finished action.)
4 didn’t have
5 filled (4 and 5 are about the same 11-month journey that 3 is about.)
6 has used (“over the years” = during his career, which is not finished)
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p. 59 part 9 - Do we use these expressions with present perfect, with simple past, or with both?
present perfect: already, since, so far, this month, in the last ten years, for
simple past: in 2009, last summer, yesterday, once, a few years ago, for
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“for” tells us how long something is, was, or will be
for + length of time
We can use it in any tense:
I studied Russian for one year. = The year is finished. I am not studying Russian now.
I have studied Russian for one year. = I’m still studying now, and I started one year ago.
I am studying Russian for one year. = I’m studying now, and I’m in the middle of one year total.
I will study Russian for one year. = The whole year will happen in the future. I haven’t started yet.
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part 10 - Complete these sentences so they are true for you, then share your answers with your partner.
How much time do you spend reading emails every day? (2 hours, 30 minutes, etc.)
How many times do you check emails every day? (once, twice, three times, etc.)
4 I’ve already finished my book this month. (= I read one book a month, and I finished this month’s book a bit sooner than expected.)
5 I had a great vacation almost one year ago.
6 I once worked in a factory for the summer.
7 I ate an apple at lunchtime. = This happened during a specific lunchtime (e.g. yesterday).
  I have slept at lunchtime. = Sleeping at lunchtime is an experience I have had in my life.
8 After I left school, I ate lunch with my friends. (This happened after I left school one particular day.)
  After I left school, I found a new job. (This happened after I left school permanently, for example because I graduated or I dropped out.)
  Since I left school, I have worked at three different jobs. (This happened between the time I left school (permanently) and now.)
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BREAK
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p. 60 - Where do you think these pictures are from?
Ireland and Iceland are islands, but all three words should be pronounced differently.
part 1 - Where (from the pictures or other places) can you find these features?
exotic = different or unusual, especially from far away. From an English perspective, this usually includes tropical areas but not, for example, Ireland.
unspoiled = not spoiled or ruined by too many people or buildings
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Read the article about different types of vacation. Have you tried this style of vacation?
safaris, bush camping, cultural tours, historical tours, cruises, backpacking
(In many cases, “bush” means the same as “wilderness”.)
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Grammar: present perfect and present perfect continuous
I wrote many books. = I wrote them in the past and I won’t write any more.
I have written many books. = I wrote those books in the past but I might write more in the future.
I have been writing many books. = I am still writing those books (and will continue into the future).
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present perfect = have/has + past participle
continuous = [be] + verb(ing)
present perfect continuous = have/has + been + verb(ing)
(past perfect continuous = had + been + verb(ing))
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What’s the difference between these two sentences?
- I’m thinking about moving to a new apartment. (I’m thinking about it now, but maybe it’s a new idea.)
- I’ve been thinking about moving to a new apartment. (I’m thinking about it now, and it’s not a new idea.)
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p. 61 part 8 - Match the activities with the results, and then write sentences with the present perfect and the present perfect continuous.
1 e - We’ve been tracking elephants today. We’ve taken some amazing photos.
2 a - We’ve been lying by the pool and I’ve finished my book.
3 b - I’ve been looking for a cheap deal but I haven’t found one.
4 c - I’ve been touring European cities and I’ve seen dozens of churches.
5 f - I’ve been following the coastal path. I’ve walked ten miles.
6 d - I’ve been visiting local markets. I’ve spent a fortune.
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(on a bed): lie - lay - lain - lying
(don’t tell the truth): lie - lied - lied - lying
(transitive verb): lay - laid - laid - laying
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The sun rises. I raise my hand in class.
I sit down at my desk. I set my bag on the floor.
I lie in bed. I lay the baby down to sleep.
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When was the last time you sent someone a postcard? Why do people still send them?
p. 65 - Read the postcard from Sydney and answer the questions in part 1.
1 She came from Bangkok to Sydney.
2 friends - “my uncle in Brisbane” probably means the reader doesn’t know this person. To family, it would probably be “Uncle Tom in Brisbane”.
3 people are fantastic, beaches are “out of this world”
4 surfing, Opera House, boat trip
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part 2a - Find examples of each of these informal things in the postcard.
abbreviations: bc, pics, ps (“P.S.” isn’t necessarily informal, but writing it as “ps” is)
comments in parentheses: (wow!), (fell off every time!)
contractions: haven’t
exclamation marks: [all of them]
informal expressions: out of this world, Hi, wow
listing items: (no “and” in the list of things she has done so far)
leaving out words: [many]
part 2c - What words were left out in the postcard?
(I) finally made it
(The) weather here (is) glorious
(The) beaches (are) out of this world
(I) have been surfing
(I) fell off every time
(I’ve seen) no kangaroos / (There are) no kangaroos
(I) haven’t been out of (the) city
(I got a) text from my uncle in Brisbane -- (he) has found me a job
(There are) new pics up on Flickr
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part 2d - What words can we leave out of these sentences?
1 Weather sunny and very hot.
2 Been touring typical places -- exhausting!
3 People here very kind and have helped a lot.
4 Took some photos of koalas--so cute!
5 Haven’t heard from Suri yet.
6 Taking bus to Brisbane bc flying too expensive.
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Homework: Write a postcard like the example on p. 65. (It can be from Boston or from another city you’ve been to or would like to visit.)
	p. 74 parts 3, 4, 5, 7 (about the article on p. 75)

Next week the topic is food and it’s the last day of the session. Bring some snack food from your country to share.