auto iter = my_map.find(key);
if ((iter != my_map.end()) && (iter->second == expected)) {
    // Something wonderful has happened
}

if (iter->second == expected)

auto iter = my_map.find(key);
if ((iter != my_map.end()) && (iter->second == expected)) {
    // Something wonderful has happened
}

if ( p != NULL && *p == 4 ) {}