data = RandomReal[{-1, 1}, {10^4, 2}];
show = False;

Checkbox[Dynamic@show]

Dynamic[
   If[  TrueQ@show, Length[data], "not shown"],
   SynchronousUpdating -> False
]

Graphics[{
  Dynamic[
    If[TrueQ@show, Line[data], {}],
    SynchronousUpdating -> False
  ]},
  PlotRange -> 1, Frame -> True]

Graphics[{
   Dynamic[
     If[TrueQ @ show, Line[data], {}],
     SynchronousUpdating -> False
   ]},
   PlotRange -> 1,
   Frame -> True,
   BaseStyle -> CacheGraphics -> False
]