lm() -> [c:l(M) || M <- mm()].

mm() -> modified_modules().

modified_modules() ->
    [M
     || {M, _} <- code:all_loaded(),
        module_modified(M) == true].

module_modified(Module) ->
    case code:is_loaded(Module) of
      {file, preloaded} -> false;
      {file, Path} ->
          CompileOpts = proplists:get_value(compile,
                                            Module:module_info()),
          CompileTime = proplists:get_value(time, CompileOpts),
          Src = proplists:get_value(source, CompileOpts),
          module_modified(Path, CompileTime, Src);
      _ -> false
    end.

module_modified(Path, PrevCompileTime, PrevSrc) ->
    case find_module_file(Path) of
      false -> false;
      ModPath ->
          case beam_lib:chunks(ModPath, ["CInf"]) of
            {ok, {_, [{_, CB}]}} ->
                CompileOpts = binary_to_term(CB),
                CompileTime = proplists:get_value(time, CompileOpts),
                Src = proplists:get_value(source, CompileOpts),
                not (CompileTime == PrevCompileTime) and
                  (Src == PrevSrc);
            _ -> false
          end
    end.

find_module_file(Path) ->
    case file:read_file_info(Path) of
      {ok, _} -> Path;
      _ ->
          %% may be the path was changed
          case code:where_is_file(filename:basename(Path)) of
            non_existing -> false;
            NewPath -> NewPath
          end
    end.