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- PSYA3 2011
- Relationships
- Formation, Maintenance and Breakdown
- Sexual Selection and Human Reproductive Behaviour
- Childhood and Cultural Influences on Romantic Relationships
- Aggression
- Socio-Psychological Explanations of Aggression
- Biological (Genetic and Neural) Explanations of Aggression
- Evolutionary Explanations of Aggression
- Eating
- Influences on Eating Behaviour
- Biological Explanations of Food Preferences
- Biological and Evolutionary Explanations of Obesity
- Maintenance of Relationships
- Social Exchange Theory Thaibaut and Kelley (1959): A series of exchanges between individuals. Each person tries to maximise their rewards (sexual gratification, companionship, etc) and minimise the costs (abuse, time, energy spent).
- Rusbult and Zembrodt: Longitudinal study of 30 relationships over 7 months: Increase or decrease in rewards led to increase or decrease in satisfaction, respectively. Changes in cost has little impact. CL Alt was a strong influence.
- CL (formed by past relationships) & CL Alts (formed by current alternative relationships) affect success of relationship.
- Could explain why some people stay in abusive relationships (low CL/Alt).
- CL Alt intentionally lowered by people in relationships.
- Equity Theory Walster et al. (1978): Assumes that people aim to achieve fairness in their relationships and feel distressed if they perceive unfairness. Inequity results in dissatisfaction for both partners.
- Clark and Mills (1979) identified two different styles of couples : the ‘communal couple’ and the ‘exchange couple’. Exchange couples kept score of equity, while communal couples not as much, and had a higher regard for each other.
- Prins et al. (1999) found a difference in reactions to difference in reactions to inequity between genders: Women more likely to cheat. Theory
- Breakdown of Relationships
- Model of Breakdown Rollie & Duck (2002): Relationship Breakdown occurs in 6 stages;
- 1. Dissatisfaction, problems with the relationship are noticed - “I can't take this anymore”
- 2. Intrapsychic Process, reasoning to leave - “I have revery right to leave”
- 3. Dyadic Process, negotiation between partners - “Let's talk it over”
- 4. Social Processes, 'going public' - “It's over between me and him”
- 5. Grave dressing, coping with break-up - “It's time to move on”
- 6. Resurrection, retrospective reflection, maturation - “What I learned, things will be different”
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