using System;
using System.Linq;

namespace GenericConsoleApp
{
    public class GenericException : Exception
    {
        public GenericException(string message)
            : base(message)
        {
        }
    }

    public class GenericException<T> : GenericException
    {
        private T mValue;

        public GenericException(string message, T value)
            : base(message)
        {
            mValue = value;
        }

        public T Value
        {
            get { return mValue; }
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            HandleException<int>();
            HandleException<object>();
            HandleException<Exception>();
            HandleException<Program>();

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        static void HandleException<T>()
            where T : new()
        {
            try
            {
                ThrowException<T>();
            }
            catch (GenericException ex)
            {
                Type exceptionType = ex.GetType();

                if (exceptionType.IsGenericType)
                {
                    // Find the type of the generic parameter
                    Type genericType = ex.GetType().GetGenericArguments().FirstOrDefault();

                    if (genericType != null)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("Caught exception of type '{0}'.", genericType.FullName);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Failed to handle specific exception.");
            }
        }

        static void ThrowException<T>()
            where T : new()
        {
            throw new GenericException<T>(
                string.Format("Exception of type '{0}' has been thrown.", typeof(T).FullName),
                new T()
            );
        }
    }
}