How to Create a Bootable Pen drive in Ubuntu CLI (for Ubuntu ISO)

Note: (Balena Etcher GUI software can also be used) To create a Linux bootable USB, format the USB using the EXT4 file system. For Windows, use FAT32.

# Format USB in different file system (Replace /dev/sdX with the appropriate identifier for your USB drive.)
EXT4 File System: sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX
FAT32 File System: sudo mkfs.vfat -n "USB_LABEL" /dev/sdX
NTFS File System: sudo mkfs.ntfs -f /dev/sdX
exFAT File System: sudo mkfs.exfat /dev/sdX

Command to create any bootable disk with specific ISO: (ensure usb file system)
sudo dd bs=4M if=Windows10.iso of=/dev/sda status=progress oflag=sync

# Detailed commands
# Step 1: List the USB Stick
sudo fdisk -l
lsblk

# Step 2: Unmount the USB Disk
sudo umount /dev/sda*

# Step 3: Create EXT4 Filesystem
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda

# Step 4: Create Bootable USB
sudo dd if=ubuntu.iso of=/dev/sda status=progress

How to Create a Bootable Pendrive in Ubuntu CLI (for Windows 10 ISO)

# Step 1: Unmount the Disk
sudo umount /dev/sda*

# Step 2: Create FAT32 Filesystem
sudo mkfs.vfat -n "WINDOWS10" /dev/sda1

# Step 3: Write ISO to USB
sudo dd bs=4M if=Windows10.iso of=/dev/sda status=progress oflag=sync

# Explanation of Syntax
- dd: Data duplicator utility.
- bs=4M: Sets the block size to 4 megabytes, meaning dd will read and write data in chunks of 4 MB at a time.
- oflag=sync: Ensures that dd writes all output data in a synchronized manner.
- mkfs: Command to create a file system.