// 1. Proširi drugi zadatak iz vježbe br. 3 (predložak klase stog) tako da se podigne
// iznimka StogExc izvedena iz osnovne klase exception u slučaju da se pokuša
// umetnuti element na pun stog ili skinuti element sa praznog stoga.Napisati
// odgovarajuću main funkciju, koja će sadržavati blokove pokušaja i hvatanja.
 
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
 
using namespace std;
 
// ---------------------------------------
 
class StackException : public exception
{
private:
    char* msg;
public:
    StackException(char* txt) : msg(txt) {}
    virtual const char* what() const throw()
    {
        return msg;
    }
};
 
class StackFull : public StackException
{
public:
    StackFull() : StackException("Stack is full.") {}
};
 
class StackEmpty : public StackException
{
public:
    StackEmpty() : StackException("Stack is empty.") {}
};
 
// ---------------------------------------
 
template <typename Type>
class Stack {
private:
    Type* mData;
    int mSize;
    int mTop;
public:
    Stack(int size) : mSize(size) {
        mTop = -1;
        mData = new Type[mSize];
    }
 
    Stack(const Stack& ref) {
        mTop = ref.mTop;
        mSize = ref.mSize;
        mData = new Type[mSize];
        for (int i = 0; i < mSize; i++) {
            mData[i] = ref.mData[i];
        }
    }
 
    ~Stack() {
        delete[] mData;
    }
 
    Type& operator[](int idx) {
        return mData[idx];
    }
 
    Stack& operator=(const Stack& ref) {
        if (this != &ref) {
            mSize = ref.mSize;
            mData = new Type[mSize];
            for (int i = 0; i < mSize; i++) {
                mData[i] = ref.mData[i];
            }
        }
        return *this;
    }
 
    bool push(const Type& x) {
        if (mTop >= (mSize - 1)) {
            throw StackFull();
            return false;
        }
        else {
            mData[++mTop] = x;
            cout << x << " pushed into stack\n";
            return true;
        }
    }
 
    Type pop() {
        if (mTop < 0) {
            throw StackEmpty();
            return 0;
        }
        else {
            Type x = mData[mTop--];
            return x;
        }
    }
 
    void top() {
        cout << mData[mTop] << endl;
    }
};
 
// ---------------------------------------
 
int main() {
    try {
        Stack<int> first(10);
        Stack<double> second(7);
        Stack<int> third = first;
        std::srand((unsigned int)time(0));
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int random = (int)rand() * 10 / (int)RAND_MAX;
            first.push(random);
        }
        cout << first.pop() << endl;
        first.top();
 
        for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
            double random = (double)rand() * 10 / (double)RAND_MAX;
            second.push(random);
        }
        cout << second.pop() << endl;
        second.top();
 
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int random = (int)rand() * 10 / (int)RAND_MAX;
            third.push(random);
        }
        cout << third.pop() << endl;
        third.top();
    }
    catch (StackFull &iznimka)
    {
        cout << iznimka.what() << endl;
    }
    catch (StackEmpty &iznimka)
    {
        cout << iznimka.what() << endl;
    }
    catch (...)
    {
        cout << "Error!" << endl;
    }
 
    return 0;
}
 
// 2. Proširi klasu razlomak iz vježbe br. 2 tako da se podigne iznimka u slučaju
// konstruiranja razlomka sa nazivnikom = 0. U mainu napisati blokove pokušaja i
// hvatanja iznimke.
 
#include <iostream>
 
using namespace std;
 
// ---------------------------------------
 
class Razlomak
{
    friend Razlomak operator- (const Razlomak&, const Razlomak&);
    friend Razlomak operator+ (const Razlomak&, const Razlomak&);
    friend Razlomak operator* (const Razlomak&, const Razlomak&);
    friend Razlomak operator/ (const Razlomak&, const Razlomak&);
    friend ostream& operator<< (ostream&, Razlomak&);
    friend istream& operator>> (istream&, Razlomak&);
    friend bool operator== (const Razlomak&, const Razlomak&);
    friend bool operator!= (const Razlomak&, const Razlomak&);
private:
    int b;
    int n;
public:
    Razlomak(int x, int y) {
        if (y == 0) {
            throw "Nazivnik ne moze biti 0";
        }
        else {
            b = x;
            n = y;
        }
    }
 
    Razlomak& operator= (const Razlomak& ref)
    {
        b = ref.b;
        n = ref.n;
        cout << "Pozvan operator pridruzivanja" << endl;
        return *this;
    }
};
 
// ---------------------------------------
 
Razlomak operator+ (const Razlomak& r1, const Razlomak& r2)
{
    return Razlomak(r1.b + r2.n + r2.b*r1.n, r1.n*r2.n);
}
 
Razlomak operator- (const Razlomak& r1, const Razlomak& r2)
{
    return Razlomak(r1.b + r2.n - r2.b*r1.n, r1.n*r2.n);
}
 
Razlomak operator* (const Razlomak& r1, const Razlomak& r2)
{
    return Razlomak(r1.b + r2.b, r1.n*r2.n);
}
 
Razlomak operator/ (const Razlomak& r1, const Razlomak& r2)
{
    return Razlomak(r1.b*r2.n, r1.n*r2.b);
}
 
ostream& operator<< (ostream& izlaz, Razlomak& ref)
{
    izlaz << ref.b << "/" << ref.n;
    return izlaz;
}
 
istream& operator>> (istream& ulaz, Razlomak& ref)
{
    char a;
    ulaz >> ref.b >> a >> ref.n;
    return ulaz;
}
 
bool operator== (const Razlomak& r1, const Razlomak& r2)
{
    return r1.b*r2.n == r1.n*r2.b;
}
 
bool operator!= (const Razlomak& r1, const Razlomak& r2)
{
    return !(r1 == r2);
}
 
// ---------------------------------------
 
int main() {
    try {
        Razlomak A(4, 3);
        Razlomak B(5, 0);
 
        cout << A + B << endl;
    }
    catch (char *iznimka) {
        cout << iznimka << endl;
    }
    catch (...) {
        cout << "Error!" << endl;
    }
 
    return 0;
}