#include <stdio.h>
void draw()
{
    int x;
    int length;
    int middleOfSquare;

    printf("Enter a number: ");
    scanf("%d", &x);

    length = 2 * x + 1;
    middleOfSquare = x + 1;


    /*
    this loop moves between
    the "rows" of the square
    */


    for (int i = 1; i <= length; i++)
    {

        /*
        this loop moves between
        the "columns" of the square
        */

        for (int j = 1; j <= length; j++)
        {

            //checks if this is the place to put X(the middle)
            if (i == middleOfSquare && j == middleOfSquare)
                printf("X");


            //checks if this is one of the corners
            else if ((i == 1 && j == 1)
                || (i == 1 && j == length)
                || (i == length && j == 1)
                || (i == length && j == length))
                printf("+");


            //checks if this is the main diagonal
            else if (i == j)
                printf("\\");


            //checks if this is the second diagonal
            else if (i + j - 1 == length)
                printf("/");


            //checks if this is the top or bottom side
            else if (i == 1 || i == length)
                printf("-");


            //checks if this is the left or right side
            else if (j == 1 || j == length)
                printf("|");


            //if its not all of the above, we need to print space
            else printf(" ");


        }

        //enter
        printf("\n");


    }
}

void isEvenLength()
{
    //even=1,odd=0

    int isEven = 1;
    char c;

    printf("Enter text: ");
    scanf(" %c", &c);


    while (c != '\n')
    {
        if (isEven)
            isEven = 0;
        else isEven = 1;

        scanf("%c", &c);
    }


    if (isEven)
        printf("Your text's length is even ");


    else printf("Your text's length is odd ");
    printf("\n");

}

void identifyText()
{

    //sets previousC to something(doesnt matter)

    char c,firstC,previousC=' ';
    int isLegit = 1, isConst = 1,isIncreasing=0,isDecreasing=0;

    printf("Enter text: ");
    scanf(" %c", &firstC);
    c = firstC;

    while ((c!='\n'))
    {
        //checks if legit
        if (c < 'a' || c > 'z')
            isLegit = 0;


        //check if current letter is like the first one, if not the word isnt const
        if (c != firstC)
            isConst = 0;


        //checks if this letter is bigger than the last, if yes then there is an increasment in the word
        if ((previousC != ' ')&&(c - previousC > 0))
            isIncreasing = 1;


        //checks if this letter is smaller than the last, if yes then there is a decreasment in the word
        if ((previousC != ' ')&&(c - previousC < 0))
            isDecreasing = 1;


        previousC = c;
        scanf("%c", &c);

    }

    if (!isLegit)
        printf("your text is invalid ");


    else if (isConst)
        printf("your text is constant ");


    //if there are increasment is decreasment, then the word is mixed
    else if (isIncreasing && isDecreasing)
        printf("your text is mixed ");


    else if (isIncreasing)
        printf("your text is increasing ");


    else printf("your text is decreasing ");
    printf("\n");


}

void hexToDec()
{
    char c;
    int tempNum;

    //num will be our number in dec form
    int num = 0, isLegit = 1,placeInNum=0;
    printf("Enter a reversed number in base 16: ");
    scanf(" %c", &c);

    while ((c != '\n'))
    {
        tempNum = 0;

        //this ifs give the letter an int value
        if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
            tempNum = c - 'A' + 10;

        else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
            tempNum = c - 'a' + 10;

        else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
            tempNum = c - '0';

        //if we couldnt find a good value, then the letter is invalid
        else
        {
            isLegit = 0;
            printf("Error! %c is not a valid digit in base 16\n", c);
        }


        //multyplies the number by 16^(index)
        for (int i = 0; i < placeInNum; i++)
        {
            tempNum = tempNum * 16;
        }


        num += tempNum;
        placeInNum++;
        scanf("%c", &c);

    }


    if (isLegit)
        printf("%d \n", num);

}

void baseToDec()
{

    char c;
    int tempNum, base;


    //num will be our number in dec form
    int num = 0, isLegit = 1, placeInNum = 0;
    printf("Enter a base (2-10): ");
    scanf("%d", &base);
    printf("Enter a reversed number in base %d: ",base);
    scanf(" %c", &c);


    while ((c != '\n'))
    {
        tempNum = 0;

        //this if gives the letter an int value
        if (c >= '0' && c <= '0'+base-1)
            tempNum = c - '0';


        //if we couldnt find a good value, then the letter is invalid
        else
        {
            isLegit = 0;
            printf("Error! %c is not a valid digit in base %d\n", c,base);
        }


        //multyplies the number by (base)^(index)
        for (int i = 0; i < placeInNum; i++)
        {
            tempNum = tempNum * base;
        }


        num += tempNum;
        placeInNum++;
        scanf("%c", &c);


    }

    if (isLegit)
        printf("%d \n", num);

}

void bitCount()
{
    int number, openBitCounter = 0, numOfBits = 32;

    //we want to save number, so we will opearte on tempNum
    int tempNum;
    int isNeg = 0;
    printf("Enter a number: ");
    scanf("%d", &number);
    tempNum = number;


    //if the num if neg, we will not the bits, and at the end we will substruct openBitCounter from the numOfBits
    if (tempNum < 0)
    {
        tempNum = ~tempNum;
        isNeg = 1;
    }


    while (tempNum != 0)
    {
        if (tempNum % 2 == 1)
            openBitCounter += 1;
        tempNum /= 2;
    }


    if (isNeg)
        openBitCounter = numOfBits - openBitCounter;


    printf("The bit count of %d is %d ", number, openBitCounter);
    printf("\n");
}

void main()
{
    int choice;
    do
    {

        printf("Choose an option:\n1: Draw\n2: Even or Odd\n3: Text type\
                \n4: Hex to Dec\n5: Base to Dec\n6: Count bits\n0: Exit\n");

        scanf("%d", &choice);
        switch (choice)
        {

        case 1: draw();
            break;


        case 2: isEvenLength();
            break;


        case 3: identifyText();
            break;


        case 4: hexToDec();
            break;


        case 5: baseToDec();
            break;


        case 6: bitCount();
        case 0: break;



        default: printf("Wrong option!\n");

        }

    }

 while (choice != 0);

}