8x2 Time Lapse

#!/usr/bin/python
#
# 8x2 time lapse for the Raspberry Pi, By @AverageManVsPi
# AverageManVsRaspberryPi.com
# This project uses a ProtoCam prototyping board - goo.gl/YsaaDu
#
# The wiring for the LCD is as follows:
# 1 : GND
# 2 : 5V
# 3 : Contrast (0-5V)*
# 4 : RS (Register Select)
# 5 : R/W (Read Write)       - GROUND THIS PIN! We do not want the LCD to send anything to the Pi @ 5v
# 6 : Enable or Strobe
# 7 : Data Bit 0             - NOT USED
# 8 : Data Bit 1             - NOT USED
# 9 : Data Bit 2             - NOT USED
# 10: Data Bit 3             - NOT USED
# 11: Data Bit 4
# 12: Data Bit 5
# 13: Data Bit 6
# 14: Data Bit 7
# 15: LCD Backlight +5V
# 16: LCD Backlight GND

#import
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import os
import datetime

# Define GPIO to LCD mapping
LCD_RS = 17
LCD_E  = 18
LCD_D4 = 21
LCD_D5 = 22
LCD_D6 = 23
LCD_D7 = 24

# Define GPIO for button Controls
LEFTBUTTON = 11 #GPIO 11 (BCM)
RIGHTBUTTON = 9 #GPIO 9 (BCM)
GREENLED = 14 #GPIO 14 (BCM)

# Define some device constants
LCD_WIDTH = 8    # Maximum characters per line
LCD_CHR = True
LCD_CMD = False

LCD_LINE_1 = 0x80 # LCD RAM address for the 1st line
LCD_LINE_2 = 0xC0 # LCD RAM address for the 2nd line

# Timing constants
E_PULSE = 0.00005
E_DELAY = 0.00005

def main():
  GPIO.setwarnings(False) #Turn off annoying GPIO warnings
  GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)       # Use BCM GPIO numbers
  GPIO.setup(LCD_E, GPIO.OUT)  # E
  GPIO.setup(LCD_RS, GPIO.OUT) # RS
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D4, GPIO.OUT) # DB4
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D5, GPIO.OUT) # DB5
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D6, GPIO.OUT) # DB6
  GPIO.setup(LCD_D7, GPIO.OUT) # DB7

  GPIO.setup(LEFTBUTTON, GPIO.IN) # set left button to input
  GPIO.setup(RIGHTBUTTON, GPIO.IN) # set right button to input
  GPIO.setup(GREENLED, GPIO.OUT) # set LED GPIO 14 to output

  # Initialise display
  lcd_init()

  # Initial splash screen
  lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_1, LCD_CMD)
  lcd_string("ProtoCam",2)
  lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_2, LCD_CMD)
  lcd_string("Rules!",2)
  time.sleep(2.5) #Little breather
  menu() #go to menu()



def menu(): #main menu
  time.sleep(0.5)
  while(1):
   if ( GPIO.input(LEFTBUTTON) == True): #if left button clicked, go to still() to take a still shot
    tlapse()
   if ( GPIO.input(RIGHTBUTTON) == True): #if right button clicked, go to video() to take a vid
    menu()
   else:
    lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_1, LCD_CMD)
    lcd_string("^ Start",1)
    lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_2, LCD_CMD)
    lcd_string("Back ^",3)

def tlapse(): # the first part of the code here generates the date and time string which will be our picture filename, ensuring a different file name every time.
  var = 0 #var starts a 0
  while var < 840: #var adds '1' after every shot, so I'm setting a maximum number of shots here
    timelastchecked = 0 #
    if time.time() >= timelastchecked:
      timelastchecked = time.time()+2
      imagecount = ""
      f=os.popen("ls -l | grep ^- | wc -l") #this command counts the files in the directory
      for i in f.readlines():
       imagecount += i
       imagecount = imagecount[0:-1] #the part at the end chops a character off the end of the string
       imagecount = imagecount.zfill(4) #this makes the number a 4 digit numbers

       lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_1, LCD_CMD)
       lcd_string("T-Lapse",3) #the '1' is align left, 2 is align center, 3 is align right
       lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_2, LCD_CMD)
       lcd_string(imagecount,3) #our image count, aligned right

       utc_datetime = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
       s=utc_datetime.strftime("%d_%m_%Y_%H-%M-%S.jpg") #this is our filename string
       filename = s #our string is now called 'filename'
       GPIO.output(GREENLED, True) #LED on
       os.system('raspistill -o ' + filename + ' ') #take a still using the filename set above
       GPIO.output(GREENLED, False) #LED off
       var = var + 1
       time.sleep(25)


# Everything after this is LCD setup 'stuff' - apart from the very last part
def lcd_init():
  # Initialise display
  lcd_byte(0x33,LCD_CMD)
  lcd_byte(0x32,LCD_CMD)
  lcd_byte(0x28,LCD_CMD)
  lcd_byte(0x0C,LCD_CMD)
  lcd_byte(0x06,LCD_CMD)
  lcd_byte(0x01,LCD_CMD)

def lcd_string(message,style):
  # Send string to display
  # style=1 Left justified
  # style=2 Centred
  # style=3 Right justified

  if style==1:
    message = message.ljust(LCD_WIDTH," ")
  elif style==2:
    message = message.center(LCD_WIDTH," ")
  elif style==3:
    message = message.rjust(LCD_WIDTH," ")

  for i in range(LCD_WIDTH):
    lcd_byte(ord(message[i]),LCD_CHR)

def lcd_byte(bits, mode):
  # Send byte to data pins
  # bits = data
  # mode = True  for character
  #        False for command

  GPIO.output(LCD_RS, mode) # RS

  # High bits
  GPIO.output(LCD_D4, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D5, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D6, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D7, False)
  if bits&0x10==0x10:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D4, True)
  if bits&0x20==0x20:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D5, True)
  if bits&0x40==0x40:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D6, True)
  if bits&0x80==0x80:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D7, True)

  # Toggle 'Enable' pin
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)
  GPIO.output(LCD_E, True)
  time.sleep(E_PULSE)
  GPIO.output(LCD_E, False)
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)

  # Low bits
  GPIO.output(LCD_D4, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D5, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D6, False)
  GPIO.output(LCD_D7, False)
  if bits&0x01==0x01:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D4, True)
  if bits&0x02==0x02:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D5, True)
  if bits&0x04==0x04:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D6, True)
  if bits&0x08==0x08:
    GPIO.output(LCD_D7, True)

  # Toggle 'Enable' pin
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)
  GPIO.output(LCD_E, True)
  time.sleep(E_PULSE)
  GPIO.output(LCD_E, False)
  time.sleep(E_DELAY)

#This part leaves a message on the LCD once the script is exited, and cleans up GPIO
try:
  main()
except:
  print "Exit - cleaning up GPIO"

  lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_1, LCD_CMD)
  lcd_string("Camera",2)
  lcd_byte(LCD_LINE_2, LCD_CMD)
  lcd_string(" Off",2)

  GPIO.cleanup()