2018-01-13 Saturday: 2 Performance

Greg Malivuk
greg.malivuk@gmail.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2018-01-13 Saturday: 2 Performance”
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Homework: write a similar company profile for a company you imagine (DO NOT copy sentences from existing websites); include the same three sections as the example on p. 17
	also: read p. 27 and do p. 26 parts 3, 4, 5
part 3
1 1, 2, 4
2 5
3 3
part 4
1 flamenco in Japan
2 Italian food in Denmark, McDonalds everywhere, Lebanese food in India
3 Barbie in 30 national varieties
4 more than ⅕ of the people in the world speak “at least some” English
5 Sesame Street in China
part 5 - b
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p. 21 part 2 - With your partner, decide which word doesn’t fit with the others, and why.
1 dance - all the others are people
2 play - all the others are people
3 dancer - the others are events
4 act - the others are people
5 singer - the others are groups
6 clown - the others are types of performance or creative works
7 drummer - the others are types of music
8 hiking - the others are ways of performing
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Write down all the different types of music you can think of in 60 seconds.
Then compare your lists with your partners. Use some of the expressions on p. 22 part 1 to share your opinion about some of the types of music you wrote down.
Do you have a favorite or least favorite type of music?
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genre = a type of music, movie, book, game, etc.
subgenre = a more specific type of entertainment within a larger genre
	rock -> heavy metal -> death metal -> symphonic death metal
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Where do these types of music come from?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pC4DDkye8FU (blues)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAT2oeaR3yk (bossa nova)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W2E4_CwL-Wg (charanga)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=on9lKHZc5jA (fado)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqxJMCQxb_Q (flamenco)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkOkDI3RFvM (hoomii)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdB-8eLEW8g (reggae)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7HL5wYqAbU (taiko drumming)
part 2 - Choose the answers
1 c
2 d
3 b
4 g
5 f
6 e
7 a
8 h
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part 3 - Look these words up in a dictionary if you don’t know them. Then think of one genre, artist, or song that can be described with each one.
catchy - pop, reggaeton
cheerful - gospel, samba, reggae
lively - salsa
melancholy - fado, some jazz
melodic - (lots of catchy music is also melodic)
moving - religious music, ballads, many movie soundtracks
repetetive - electronic, reggaeton
rhythmic - reggaeton, taiko drumming
tuneless - taiko drumming, percussion
unusual - hoomii
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part 4 - Listen to the radio program and complete the sentences.
1 influences
2 six
3 Zulu
4 British
5 singer
6 Belgium (In American English, we’d say “Zap Mama is a group from Belgium.”)
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part 5 - Listen again and fix the mistakes in each sentence.
1 Manu Chao has not been successful in the English-speaking world.
2 World fusion has become better-known since the release of Paul Simon’s album Graceland.
3 Peter Gabriel has been part of WOMAD since it began.
4 Zap Mama has had several international hits.
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Grammar: present perfect
- Why is present perfect used in these sentences?
- They are about things that started in the past but are still true now (and could happen more or change in the future).
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for + length of time (two weeks, ten years, many years, three hours, six months, a long time, a while)
since + starting point (2001, this morning, I was a child, March, I was 5 years old)
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BREAK
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p. 23 part 11 - With your new partner, complete these sentences with your own information and then compare your answers.
1 I have lived here for three months.
2 I have been at my current job since October.
3 I have known my best friend since I was a teenager.
4 I haven’t listened to my mother for ages.
5 I have always wanted to travel around the world.
6 I have never had pink hair.
7 I have studied English since I was a child.
8 I have been in this class for six weeks. / for almost three hours.
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just: actions completed recently
	I have just finished lunch and now I have to do the dishes.
	(This is also common with simple past.)
already: something that has happened sooner than expected
	I have (already) eaten lunch (already).
yet: something that is expected soon
	Have they gotten married yet? (If not, I think they will soon.)
	She hasn’t (yet) had her baby (yet). (But she will soon.)
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Take 2 minutes to write as many different kinds of dance as you can think of. Then compare this list with your partners’.
Why do people dance?
- to have fun
- to get exercise
- for a living / to earn money
- because they love it
- for teamwork
- to express their feelings
- to meet new people
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Grammar: gerunds and infinitives
- gerund = verb+ing form used like a noun (subject, object of verbs and prepositions)
	Subjects are almost always gerunds:
		Dancing is a good way to meet people.
		Smoking cigarettes is bad for your health.
		Listening to music helps me relax.
		(Gerunds are singular subjects with the “it” form of verbs.)
		I like listening to music because it (listening to music) helps me relax.
	Objects of prepositions are always gerunds:
		You can meet new people by taking a dance class.
		I’m interested in learning new things.
		I look forward to relaxing after work.
- infinitive = to + base form (sometimes subject, object of verbs, after adjectives, to express purpose)
	After adjectives are usually infinitives:
		It’s important to eat healthy.
		I’m glad to meet you.
		The weather is too cold to go swimming.
	To express purpose, always use infinitives:
		I’m studying English (in order) to travel.
		I went to the store to buy milk.
		Who did you go with to buy milk? (“to buy” is after a preposition, but not the object)
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Both gerunds and infinitives can be objects of verbs.
- Some verbs are always followed by the gerund.
	I enjoy dancing. I don’t mind dancing with strangers. I can’t imagine dancing for an audience.
- Some verbs are always followed by the infinitive.
	I want to dance. She needs to practice more. She’s learning to dance the tango. I hope to succeed.
- Some verbs are followed by the gerund or object+infinitive.
	This school doesn’t permit speaking Spanish. This school doesn’t permit students to speak Spanish.
- Some verbs can be followed by gerunds or infinitives with the same meaning.
	I like dancing. = I like to dance. He hates cooking. = He hates to cook. Start learning. = Start to learn.
- Some verbs can be followed by gerunds or infinitives with different meanings. (see handout)
	Generally, the gerund means the action really happened (or will happen before the main verb), and the infinitive means it might happen or it will happen after the main verb.)
	I remembered to lock the door. (First I remembered, then I locked the door.)
	I remember locking the door. (First I locked the door, then I remembered.)
	I stopped to eat fast food. (First I stopped (another action), then I ate fast food.)
	I stopped eating fast food. (First I ate fast food, then I stopped (quit).)
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p. 25 part 8 - Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Then tell your partner which sentences you agree with and why.
1 doing (enjoy + gerund)
2 Painting (subject)
3 to be (after an adjective)
4 changing (imagine + gerund)
5 to learn (after an adjective)
6 to play (learn + infinitive)
7 trying (after a preposition)
8 to find (seem + infinitive)
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p. 30-31 “Taiko master”
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Homework: units 1-2 test (The link is in your email.)