import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String s = "(Yeahhhh) I have finally made it to the (top)";

        {
            long chars = 0;
            Pattern p = Pattern.compile("[()]");

            // warmup
            chars += lengthReplaceAll(s, p);

            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) {
                chars += lengthReplaceAll(s, p);
            }
            System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - start + "ms");
            System.out.println(chars);
        }

        {
            long chars = 0;

            // warmup
            chars += lengthCharAt(s);

            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) {
                chars += lengthCharAt(s);
            }
            System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - start + "ms");
            System.out.println(chars);
        }

        {
            long chars = 0;

            // warmup
            chars += lengthCharAt2(s);

            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) {
                chars += lengthCharAt2(s);
            }
            System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis() - start + "ms");
            System.out.println(chars);
        }
    }

    private static int lengthReplaceAll(String s, Pattern p) {
        return s.length() - p.matcher(s).replaceAll("").length();
    }

    private static int lengthCharAt(String s) {
        int c = 0;
        int l = s.length();
        for (int j = 0; j < l; j++) {
            switch (s.charAt(j)) {
            case '(':
            case ')':
                c++;
            }
        }
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * calling length() every time
     */
    private static int lengthCharAt2(String s) {
        int c = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < s.length(); j++) {
            switch (s.charAt(j)) {
            case '(':
            case ')':
                c++;
            }
        }
        return c;
    }
}