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  1. User Commands as(1)
  2.  
  3.  
  4.  
  5. NAME
  6. as - assembler
  7.  
  8. SYNOPSIS
  9. Sparc
  10. as [ -b ] [ -K PIC ] [ -L ] [ -m ] [ -n ] [
  11. -o outfile ] [ -P ] [ -Dname ] [ -Dname=def ] [ -Ipath ]
  12. [ -Uname ... ] [ -q ] [ -Qy | n ] [ -s ] [ -S [ a | b
  13. | c | l | A | B | C | L ] ] [ -T ] [ -V ] [
  14. -xarch=v7 | -xarch=v8 | -xarch=v8a | -xarch=v8plus |
  15. -xarch=v8plusa | -xarch=v9 | -xarch=v9a ] [ -xF ]
  16. filename ...
  17.  
  18. IA
  19. as [ -b ] [ -K PIC ] [ -L ] [ -m ] [ -n ] [
  20. -o outfile ] [ -P ] [ -Dname ] [ -Dname=def ] [ -Ipath ]
  21. [ -Uname ... ] [ -Qy | n ] [ -s ] [ -S [ a | b | c |
  22. l | A | B | C | L ] ] [ -T ] [ -V ] filename ...
  23.  
  24. DESCRIPTION
  25. The as command creates object files from assembly language
  26. source files.
  27.  
  28. OPTIONS
  29. Common Options
  30. The following flags are common to both SPARC and IA. They
  31. may be specified in any order:
  32.  
  33. -b Generates extra symbol table information for the Sun
  34. SourceBrowser.
  35.  
  36. -K PIC
  37. Generates position-independent code.
  38.  
  39. -L Saves all symbols, including temporary labels that are
  40. normally discarded to save space, in the ELF symbol
  41. table.
  42.  
  43. -m Runs the m4(1) macro processor on the input to the
  44. assembler.
  45.  
  46. -n Suppresses all the warnings while assembling.
  47.  
  48. -o outfile
  49. Puts the output of the assembly in outfile. By
  50. default, the output file name is formed by removing
  51. the .s suffix, if there is one, from the input file
  52. name and appending a .o suffix.
  53.  
  54. -P Runs cpp(1), the C preprocessor, on the files being
  55. assembled. The preprocessor is run separately on each
  56. input file, not on their concatenation. The
  57.  
  58.  
  59.  
  60. SunOS 5.8 Last change: 28 Jul 1998 1
  61.  
  62.  
  63.  
  64.  
  65.  
  66.  
  67. User Commands as(1)
  68.  
  69.  
  70.  
  71. preprocessor output is passed to the assembler.
  72.  
  73. -Dname
  74.  
  75. -Dname=def
  76. When the -P option is in effect, these options are
  77. passed to the cpp(1) preprocessor without interpreta-
  78. tion by the as command; otherwise, they are ignored.
  79.  
  80. -Ipath
  81. When the -P option is in effect, this option is passed
  82. to the cpp(1) preprocessor without interpretation by
  83. the as command; otherwise, it is ignored.
  84.  
  85. -Uname
  86. When the -P option is in effect, this option is
  87. passed to the cpp(1) preprocessor without interpreta-
  88. tion by the as command; otherwise, it is ignored.
  89.  
  90. -Qy | n
  91. If n is specified, this option produces the "assembler
  92. version" information in the comment section of the
  93. output object file. If y is specified, the informa-
  94. tion is suppressed.
  95.  
  96. -s Places all stabs in the .stabs section. By default,
  97. stabs are placed in stabs.excl sections, which are
  98. stripped out by the static linker, ld(1), during final
  99. execution. When the -s option is used, stabs remain
  100. in the final executable because .stab sections are not
  101. stripped by the static linker.
  102.  
  103. -S[a|b|c|l|A|B|C|L]
  104. Produces a disassembly of the emitted code to the
  105. standard output. Adding each of the following charac-
  106. ters to the -S option produces:
  107.  
  108. a disassembling with address
  109.  
  110. b disassembling with ".bof"
  111.  
  112. c disassembling with comments
  113.  
  114. l disassembling with line numbers
  115.  
  116.  
  117. Capital letters turn the switch off for the corresponding
  118. option.
  119.  
  120. -T This is a migration option for 4.x assembly files to
  121. be assembled on 5.x systems. With this option, the
  122. symbol names in 4.x assembly files will be interpreted
  123.  
  124.  
  125.  
  126. SunOS 5.8 Last change: 28 Jul 1998 2
  127.  
  128.  
  129.  
  130.  
  131.  
  132.  
  133. User Commands as(1)
  134.  
  135.  
  136.  
  137. as 5.x symbol names.
  138.  
  139. -V Writes the version number of the assembler being run
  140. on the standard error output.
  141.  
  142. -xF Generates additional information for performance
  143. analysis of the executable using Sun WorkShop
  144. analyzer. If the input file does not contain any stabs
  145. (debugging directives), then the assembler will gen-
  146. erate some default stabs which are needed by the Sun
  147. WorkShop analyzer. Also see the dbx manual page avail-
  148. able with Sun Workshop.
  149.  
  150. Options for SPARC only
  151. -q Performs a quick assembly. When the -q option is
  152. used, many error checks are not performed.
  153. Note: This option disables many error checks. Use of
  154. this option to assemble handwritten assembly language
  155. is not recommended.
  156.  
  157. -xarch=v7
  158. This option instructs the assembler to accept instruc-
  159. tions defined in the SPARC version 7 (V7) architec-
  160. ture. The resulting object code is in ELF format.
  161.  
  162. -xarch=v8
  163. This option instructs the assembler to accept instruc-
  164. tions defined in the SPARC-V8 architecture, less the
  165. quad-precision floating-point instructions. The
  166. resulting object code is in ELF format.
  167.  
  168. -xarch=v8a
  169. This option instructs the assembler to accept instruc-
  170. tions defined in the SPARC-V8 architecture, less the
  171. quad-precision floating-point instructions and less
  172. the fsmuld instruction. The resulting object code is
  173. in ELF format. This is the default choice of the
  174. -xarch=options.
  175.  
  176. -xarch=v8plus
  177. This option instructs the assembler to accept instruc-
  178. tions defined in the SPARC-V9 architecture, less the
  179. quad-precision floating-point instructions. The
  180. resulting object code is in ELF format. It will not
  181. execute on a Solaris V8 system (a machine with a V8
  182. processor). It will execute on a Solaris V8+ system.
  183. This combination is a SPARC 64-bit processor and a
  184. 32-bit OS.
  185.  
  186. -xarch=v8plusa
  187. This option instructs the assembler to accept instruc-
  188. tions defined in the SPARC-V9 architecture, less the
  189.  
  190.  
  191.  
  192. SunOS 5.8 Last change: 28 Jul 1998 3
  193.  
  194.  
  195.  
  196.  
  197.  
  198.  
  199. User Commands as(1)
  200.  
  201.  
  202.  
  203. quad-precision floating-point instructions, plus the
  204. instructions in the Visual Instruction Set (VIS). The
  205. resulting object code is in V8+ ELF format. It will
  206. not execute on a Solaris V8 system (a machine with a
  207. V8 processor). It will execute on a Solaris V8+ system
  208.  
  209. -xarch=v9
  210. This option limits the instruction set to the SPARC-V9
  211. architecture. The resulting .o object files are in
  212. 64-bit ELF format and can only be linked with other
  213. object files in the same format. The resulting execut-
  214. able can only be run on a 64-bit SPARC processor run-
  215. ning 64-bit Solaris with the 64-bit kernel.
  216.  
  217. -xarch=v9a
  218. This option limits the instruction set to the SPARC-V9
  219. architecture, adding the Visual Instruction Set (VIS)
  220. and extensions specific to UltraSPARC processors. The
  221. resulting .o object files are in 64-bit ELF format and
  222. can only be linked with other object files in the same
  223. format. The resulting executable can only be run on a
  224. 64-bit SPARC processor running 64-bit Solaris with the
  225. 64-bit kernel.
  226.  
  227. OPERANDS
  228. The following operand is supported:
  229.  
  230. filename
  231. Assembly language source file
  232.  
  233. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
  234. TMPDIR
  235. The as command normally creates temporary files in the
  236. directory /tmp. Another directory may be specified by
  237. setting the environment variable TMPDIR to the chosen
  238. directory. (If TMPDIR is not a valid directory,
  239. then as will use /tmp).
  240.  
  241. FILES
  242. By default, as creates its temporary files in /tmp.
  243.  
  244. ATTRIBUTES
  245. See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
  246. butes:
  247.  
  248. ____________________________________________________________
  249. |_____________________________|_____________________________|
  250. | Availability | SUNWsprot |
  251. |_____________________________|_____________________________|
  252.  
  253.  
  254.  
  255.  
  256.  
  257.  
  258. SunOS 5.8 Last change: 28 Jul 1998 4
  259.  
  260.  
  261.  
  262.  
  263.  
  264.  
  265. User Commands as(1)
  266.  
  267.  
  268.  
  269. SEE ALSO
  270. cc(1B), cpp(1),ld(1), m4(1), nm(1), strip(1), tmpnam(3C),
  271. a.out(4), attributes(5)
  272.  
  273. dbx manual page available with Sun Workshop
  274.  
  275. NOTES
  276. If the -m option, which invokes the m4(1) macro processor,
  277. is used, keywords for m4 cannot be used as symbols (vari-
  278. ables, functions, labels) in the input file, since m4 cannot
  279. determine which keywords are assembler symbols and which
  280. keywords are real m4 macros.
  281.  
  282. Whenever possible, access the assembler through a compila-
  283. tion system interface program such as cc(1B).
  284.  
  285. All undefined symbols are treated as global.
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