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- Index
- Preface ➤ 5
- the call of history
- Maurice Lévy, Chairman and CEO, Publicis Groupe ➤ 8
- Changing the World
- Nicolas Sarkozy, President of the French Republic ➤ 13
- internet matters
- Presentation by the McKinsey Global Institute ➤ 22
- Plenaries
- Session I
- The Internet and Economic Growth ➤ 26
- Session II
- The Internet and Society ➤ 28
- session III
- Future Net: What’s Next? ➤ 30
- session IV
- Intellectual Property in the Digital Age ➤ 32
- session V
- Fostering Innovation ➤ 34
- session VI
- Digital Transformation ➤ 36
- special talks
- Digital’s Next Frontier: Education
- Rupert Murdoch, Chairman and CEO of News Corporation ➤ 40
- Groupon: A Case Study
- Andrew Mason, Founder & CEO of Groupon, talks with Gilles Babinet,
- Entrepreneur and Chairman of France’s Conseil National du Numérique ➤ 42
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- Broadband For All
- Neelie Kroes, European Commissioner for the Digital Agenda, talks with
- Ben Verwaayen, CEO of Alcatel-Lucent ➤ 44
- A Universal Human Need
- Mark Zuckerberg, Founder and CEO of Facebook, talks with Maurice Lévy,
- Chairman and CEO of Publicis Groupe ➤ 46
- workshops
- I-1
- Building Blocks: The art of the start-up ➤ 50
- I-2
- King Content: Entertainment in the digital age ➤ 52
- I-3
- Electronic Liberty: New tools for freedom ➤ 54
- II-1
- Be Here Now: Mobility changes everything ➤ 56
- II-2
- Disinter-Media: Is Internet killing – or relaunching – the press? ➤ 58
- II-3
- Open Government/Open data: For the people, by the Internet ➤ 60
- III-1
- The Disrupters: Extreme innovation ➤ 62
- III-2
- Sharing Value ➤ 64
- III-3
- The Data Dilemma ➤ 66
- Concluding Press Release ➤ 70
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- e-G8 FORUM May 24-25, 2011
- Preface
- Fittingly, this e-book is a virtual incarnation of an event whose physical
- existence was fleeting, but whose impact will endure. Opened on May
- 24, 2011 in Paris by French President Nicolas Sarkozy, the e-G8 Forum
- gathered together the finest minds and most skillful operators of the
- Internet for just two days. But the Forum’s effect as a catalyst—on
- participants, on the G8 Summit that succeeded it, and on public policy
- by governments worldwide—was, and will continue to be, far more
- meaningful.
- The Forum was an intense and ambitious gathering of 1500 participants
- from more than 30 countries. It culminated in a delegation to the G8
- Summit of Heads and State and governments, where questions regarding
- the Internet were on the agenda for the first time in the history of
- international summit meetings. The delegation was led by Maurice Lévy,
- Chairman and CEO of Publicis Groupe, and comprised Hiroski Mikitani,
- the CEO of Rakuten; Yuri Milner, CEO of Digital Sky Technologies;
- Stéphane Richard, CEO of France Telecom-Orange; Eric Schmidt, CEO
- of Google; and Mark Zuckerberg, founder and CEO of Facebook. With
- them, they took a message.
- The Internet is a powerful vector for individual empowerment, free
- expression and personal growth. It is an enormously positive force for
- change and transformation of civic groups, industries, organizations
- and nations. Its impact as a locomotive of job creation and economic
- growth is spectacular. As it moves into a new phase that will even more
- profoundly modify our environment, governments need to grasp more
- fully the need for greater understanding of the phenomenon.
- ➤5
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- Policy-leaders everywhere need a free Internet. They need to encourage
- investment and to guarantee all citizens rapid, broadband access to an
- Internet that is secure. As with any breakthrough technology, the digital
- revolution may have unintended side-effects that may harm individual
- and collective rights. Thus as it progresses, the Internet’s growth will
- need to be accompanied by careful and measured government action
- to protect consumers and creators alike. This will require a partnership
- of intense dialogue with all the stakeholders: civil society, industry and
- creators of all kinds.
- You’ll find here a succinct narrative of every plenary session, workshop
- session, informal talk and keynote conversation that took place during
- the e-G8 Forum; photographs and links to video reportages and to the
- full-stream video that was broadcast live on the e-G8 Forum website
- from all plenary sessions; and the Forum’s final press release. This may
- give you a sense of how a gathering of interconnected, sometimes
- competing individuals joined into a vast, concentrated mass of
- intelligence—not a consensus, but a passionate interplay of debate,
- dispute and effervescent, vivid, spontaneous ideas, in the service of the
- future of our digital world.
- As our societies look forward to the Third Revolution—the digital
- revolution—we hope that you will find this little e-book both informative
- and thought-provoking.
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- e-G8 FORUM May 24-25, 2011
- The Call of History
- Speech by Maurice Lévy,
- Chairman and CEO of Publicis Groupe
- Monsieur le Président de la République; my dear friends;
- First, my heartfelt thanks to all of you, for coming here to be part of a
- moment that I believe will be historic.
- Mr. President, it is a joy and an immense honor for me to welcome you
- to this Forum on Internet and the Digital Economy, the first ever to
- precede a summit of the G8 nations. This gathering takes place at your
- initiative. You asked that the Internet should be placed on the agenda
- of the G8 summit in Deauville, which you will preside. It was your wish
- that the key players of the Internet and all its stakeholders should be
- able to express their insights here in open and unrestricted debate, and
- that the conclusions of their discussions should be made known to the
- Heads of State and government of the G8.
- In other words, you wanted this Forum to take place in the same spirit
- in which the Internet functions: open, participative, and free. You can
- be sure that this will be the case.
- I was particularly moved by the honor that you did in giving me the
- responsibility for organizing this eG8 Forum, and it is with great pride
- that I observe this assembly. Despite their heavy schedules and our very
- short lead-time, all the key players of the Internet, with few exceptions,
- are present among us. They have made huge efforts to shift their agendas
- in response to your invitation. I think I can say that all of them fully
- understand how important this meeting is, and the challenging task
- ahead of us. I won’t take the time—or take the risk—of citing every one
- of their names: the list is too long; and I might forget one of my friends.
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- In our audience are represented all the components of the digital
- ecosystem, in all its diversity: infrastructures, manufacturers, software,
- telecommunications, search engines, social networks, e-merchants,
- content, and the start-ups of today and of tomorrow. All of them are
- present—even advertizing is here!—alongside representatives of the
- academic world and social communities, in order to debate the future
- of the Internet and its impact on our economies and our societies.
- There have been a number of conferences about computers and about
- the Internet. But none was destined to nourish the debates of Heads of
- State. I think, then, that I can say, without a trace of an advertiser’s
- habitual exaggeration, that this Forum is truly historic.
- It is historic, first, because in two days’ time, a summit will take place
- in Deauville in which the Heads of State and government of the eight
- major industralized countries will discuss, under your Presidency and
- at your initiative, a number of specific issues regarding the Internet
- phenomenon as it develops at a speed never before observed in human
- history. Historic, too, because this sector is a global phenomenon. Almost
- two billion people are connected to the Internet: one person in three.
- More than four billion have a cell-phone: two-thirds of the planet.
- And as you know well, Mr. President, the digital industry abolishes
- frontiers, erases distinctions and creates a new paradigm in every sphere:
- knowledge, technology, information, creation, innovation, relationships,
- exchanges, commerce, economics, communication—in short, every
- aspect of life.
- Finally, what makes these two days so special is the very nature of this
- Forum. It gives voice to the economic and social actors of this sector—
- to content creators: powerful generators of innovation, platforms or
- companies; to players, big and small; to inventors, trend-setters, citizenbloggers or entrepreneurs, whether they be freshly minted or simply
- vigilant of that common good that is the Internet. These individuals
- will debate freely, exchanging points of view, laying down their own
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- conclusions and proposing fresh ideas. It is a signal honor, and I am
- certain that they will show themselves worthy of it. Thus this is a historic
- moment, and a historic responsibility.
- Of course it would be easy to use this occasion to express a few platitudes:
- opinions that we all share. Every day the Internet does indeed transform
- the way in which people live, work, communicate, bond, play, enjoy
- themselves, live and love. And indeed, the Internet is a powerful motor
- for economic development, a mine of productivity and job-creation.
- This exceptional space of technological innovation is indeed also a
- source of individual initiatives, pioneers, trend-setters, inventors. And
- the Internet does indeed create a wind of openness and democracy
- wherever it is accessible. It offers those who use it possibilities for
- communication and self-realization unparalleled in our history.
- But we know that. We are convinced of those truths. The real questions
- that we need to ask—and debate here, in this Forum—are: How will the
- Internet contribute to the creation of more wealth, more jobs, more
- freedom? How can we go further? How, too, can we be even more
- respectful of the rights of others—their intellectual creations and their
- private lives? How can we ensure a proper balance in value sharing?
- How can we be both free of constraint and responsible?
- We have organized round-tables and workshops for debate with the
- world’s most pertinent players in the field and all participants, in order
- to attempt to discover paths towards more effective thought about the
- questions that we all ask ourselves.
- How can we improve our products, our services and practices so that
- they can be more easily adapted and used? How can we reassure
- consumers and clients about the dangers—some of them very real—of
- using digital tools? How can we eliminate or restrict some practices that
- penalize our digital sector in the eyes of the public, for example in terms
- of protection of privacy or the fight against cybercrime? How can we
- organize the transition so that actors from the physical, non-digital
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- world can move, as they need to do, increasingly on-line, to the virtual
- world? For that is the real world of tomorrow. How can we convince the
- reticent—all those not born in the digital universe—of its interest and
- its importance? How can we balance our exchanges? Respect intellectual
- and artistic property? How can we finance major infrastructures in this
- sector, as it continues its exponential growth? And, let’s dare to use the
- word—what regulation can be put in place that would prevent abuses
- but would in no way restrict the liberty of the Net, its development or
- use, particularly in tomorrow’s mobile world.
- If we want this Forum to succeed, we absolutely need to ask ourselves
- these questions with sincerity. We need to imagine, in a spirit of
- responsibility, possible paths towards solutions capable of bringing to
- you, Mr. President, and to the Heads of State of the G8, some elements
- of deeper thought and the viewpoint of the key actors in the field.
- As you can see, it will take a lot of work to make this e-G8 Forum a
- success. Of course we don’t plan to resolve everything in two days; far
- from it. But I am convinced that we have here a historic opportunity to
- move the Internet forward, and to bring our experiences and insights
- to the table of the G8 Heads of State.
- Mr. President, my dear friends, I have a particular affection for a quote
- from Albert Einstein: “Imagination is more important than knowledge”.
- Einstein would definitely have loved the Internet. It is both the fruit of
- human imagination and a space for sharing knowledge that makes it
- accessible to all humanity. All of us here today have a little knowledge
- about the Net. But now it’s time to mobilize our imagination: to create
- a collective picture of how Internet will develop in the world of the future.
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- Changing the World
- Address by the President of the French Republic,
- Nicolas Sarkozy, to the e-G8 Forum
- Ladies and Gentlemen,
- History always remembers those places where, at a given point in time,
- all creative forces of an era seem to want to converge. And it is in the
- hope that Paris would become the capital of the Internet for a few days
- that I wanted to bring you here together, just before the G8 Summit.
- This is an important moment, because to my knowledge it is the first
- time that all those who, with their talent and ingenuity, helped change
- the world—or I should say, make us change the world—are meeting in
- one and the same place. France and the G8 have indeed the honour to
- welcome the men and women whose names are now associated with
- the emergence of a new form of civilization. If we are able to listen to
- each other, speak to each other and understand each other, I am
- convinced that we will be able to give this G8 a historic dimension, so
- that our era becomes fully self-aware and moves beyond its tremendous
- individual adventures to become a part of collective history.
- Our world has already experienced two different globalizations. From
- the first one, that of great discoveries, we inherited a complete world, a
- world which Magellan could circumnavigate, a world that could be
- explored and charted. From the second, that of industrial revolutions,
- we inherited a space that was not only complete, but domesticated, and
- at times subjugated.With the third globalization, that in which you both
- play a role and are promoting, you have changed the way the world sees
- itself.
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- You have changed the notion of space, because the Internet has not only
- eliminated the distance separating people, but has also opened up a
- virtual world that is, by definition, limitless. A world in which everyone
- can make contact with everyone else. A world in which everyone can
- create their own territory, their own community, even their own society.
- You have changed the notion of time, getting rid of the very concept of
- something happening over a period of time, making everything
- immediate, giving everyone the possibility of reaching others and
- accessing information instantly, and in short, making anything possible.
- You have even changed how we see history because transparency, even
- if at times it can be contested, both in its method and its effects, has
- imposed itself on countries. You have changed our relationship with
- things and objects with the single phenomenon of “dematerialization”.
- You have changed the very notion of knowledge and have made it
- possible for everyone to access all knowledge and not only access, but
- contribute to this knowledge. The dream of a universal library that would
- include knowledge from all over the world, this dream that is old as time
- itself, has now become a reality for millions of Internet users.
- In just a few years, you have rocked the very foundations of the world
- economy in which you now play a major role. You have changed the
- world. For me, you have changed the world, just as Columbus and Galileo
- did; just as Newton and Edison did. You have changed the world with
- the imagination of inventors and the boldness of entrepreneurs.
- Unique in history, this total revolution has been immediately and irrevocably
- global. Unique in history, this revolution does not belong to anybody, it
- does not have a flag, it does not have a slogan: this revolution is a common
- good. Unique in history, this revolution has occurred without violence.
- The discovery of the New World brought about the total destruction of
- American Indian civilizations. The global revolution that you incarnate
- is a peaceful one. It did not emerge on battlefields but on university
- campuses. It arose from the miraculous combination of science and
- culture, and the determination to acquire knowledge and the
- determination to transmit it.
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- With regard to the origins of your sector, legend has it that Google was
- created in a garage: the thing I remember most is that Google was born
- in a university library. The imaginary world of Hollywood wanted
- Facebook to be seen as the result of a failed love affair: we’d like to see
- many more like that. The thing I remember most is that Facebook was
- created at a top ranking university campus.
- This revolution that went so far as to change our perception of time and
- space has played a decisive role in other revolutions. In Tunisia and Egypt
- alike, mere individuals were able overturn a power that was completely
- discredited by building virtual barricades and organizing very real rallies.
- Peoples in Arab countries thus showed the world that the Internet does
- not belong to States. International opinion was able to see that the
- Internet had become, for freedom of speech, a medium for expressing
- unprecedented power.
- Like any revolution, the technological and cultural revolution you began
- holds promise. Huge promise. Promise that is commensurate with the
- considerable progress you incarnate.
- Now that this revolution has reached the first stage in its maturity, it
- should not forget the promise of its origins. If you have designed tools
- that are now your own, it is because you dreamed of a world that would
- be more open. If you have built social networks that currently connect
- millions of men and women, it is because you dreamed of a world that
- would be more socially minded. If you have given utopia concrete
- expression, it is because you have faith in humankind and its future. If
- you have achieved worldwide success so swiftly, it is because this promise
- reflects universal values.
- Your work should thus be considered historic and help drive civilization.
- And that is the importance of your responsibility—because you do have
- a responsibility. Our responsibility, as Heads of State and Government,
- is no less important. We must support a revolution that was born at the
- heart of civil society for civil society and that has a direct impact on the
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- life of States. Because if technology is neutral and must remain so, we
- have clearly seen that the ways the Internet is used are not. Today,
- discussing and shaping the Internet is a real historic responsibility and
- this responsibility can only be shared, by you and us.
- The idea is for the G8 States, which include some of the most powerful
- countries in the world, to recognize the role that is now yours in the
- course of history. We would like to hear about your expertise, because
- we have things to learn. We have things to understand. Just like individuals
- and companies, States do not want to miss an opportunity for progress
- that you have created and that you incarnate.
- How can we use the Internet to bolster democracy, social dialogue and
- solidarity? How can we use the Internet to improve the way States
- function? How can we inject this spirit of innovation and enterprise
- which is characteristic of your sector into States?
- Also, the States we represent need to make it known that the world you
- represent is not a parallel universe, free of legal and moral rules and
- more generally all the basis principles that govern society in democratic
- countries. Now that the Internet is an integral part of most people’s lives,
- it would be contradictory to exclude governments from this huge forum.
- Nobody could nor should forget that these governments are the only
- legitimate representatives of the will of the people in our democracies.
- To forget this is to run the risk of democratic chaos and hence anarchy.
- To forget this would be to confuse populism with democracy of opinion.
- Juxtaposed individual wishes have never constituted the will of the
- people. And a social contract cannot be drawn up by simply lumping
- together individual aspirations.
- States and Governments have also learned from history, and I am
- speaking to you on behalf of the country that drew up the Declaration
- of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. So, ladies and gentlemen, be
- loyal to the promise of the revolution that you began, as France has
- sought to be loyal to hers for over two centuries.
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- I know that the market has its own regulatory mechanisms but trade is
- never truly free if the terms of this trade are unfair. Do not allow new
- barriers to be built where you have toppled the longstanding walls of
- the old world. Do not allow new monopolies to take root where you have
- overturned long-established situations that seemed unshakeable. In
- giving all individuals, regardless of where they live or from where they
- speak, the possibility to be heard by everyone everywhere, you have
- provided all citizens of the world with a freedom of speech that is
- unprecedented in history.
- This outstanding leap in individual freedoms cannot be taken at the
- expense of the rights of others. Do not allow the revolution you began
- to violate people’s fundamental right to privacy and to be fully
- autonomous. Complete transparency, which never allows a person to
- rest, will sooner or later come up against the very principle of individual
- freedom. Let us not forget that behind an anonymous Internet user,
- there is a real citizen who is evolving in a society, a culture and an
- organized nation to which he belongs and with laws he must abide by.
- Do not forget that the sincerity of your promise will be assessed in the
- commitment of your companies to contribute fairly to national
- ecosystems. Do not allow the revolution you began to violate the basic
- right of children to lives that are protected from the moral turpitude of
- certain adults. Do not allow the revolution you began to be a vehicle for
- maliciousness, unobstructed and unrestricted. Do not allow this
- revolution become an instrument in the hands of those who wish to
- jeopardize our security and in doing so, our freedom and our integrity.
- You have allowed everyone, with the mere magic of the Web, to access
- all the cultural treasures of the world in a simple click.
- It would be something of a paradox if the Web contributed to draining
- them over time.
- The immense cultural wealth that provides our civilizations with such
- beauty is a product of the creative forces of our artists, authors and
- thinkers. Basically, it is the product of all those who work on enchanting
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- the world. Yet these creative forces are fragile because when creative
- minds are deprived of the fruit of their talents, they are not just ruined,
- what’s worse, they lose their independence, they will be required to
- pawn their freedom.
- I’m telling you this with a man in mind: a Frenchman who died over two
- centuries ago, who with a single play brought down a nearly onethousand-year-old monarchy; a man who also, with Lafayette, was one
- of the first defenders of American Independence! This man was like you
- because, starting with nothing but his intelligence, he overturned an
- order that was believed to be immovable and eternal. This man was
- Beaumarchais. This same man invented the principle of copyright. He
- went one step further than giving authors ownership rights of their
- works, he ensured their independence, he offered them freedom.
- I know and I understand that our “French” idea of copyright is not the
- same as in the United States and other countries. I simply mean that
- our commitment to universal principles, those that both the U.S.
- Constitution and the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
- Citizen lay down: nobody can have his ideas, work, imagination and
- intellectual property expropriated without this being punished.
- What I would like to express here is that each of you should be able to
- be heard, because before being entrepreneurs you are creators. It is
- under this copyright law for creative work that you have been able to
- found companies that have become empires. These algorithms that
- constitute your power, this continual innovation that constitutes your
- strength, this technology that is changing the world, are your property
- and nobody can contest that. Each of you, each of us, can therefore
- understand that writers, directors, musicians and actors can have the
- same rights.
- This copyright law for creative work enabling artists to receive fair
- payment for their ideas and their talents, is also valid for each of the
- States we represent. States invest in training of those who then join your
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- companies. States invest in the technical and technological infrastructure
- that provides transport for the services and content that are circulated
- on the Web. States would like to engage in dialogue with you so that a
- balanced way forward can be found one day that is mindful of your
- interests, those of Internet users that give you overwhelming support
- every day and those lastly of citizens and taxpayers of every nation who
- also have rights.
- We are emerging from a terrible crisis, resulting from the blindness of
- financial powers who have lost sight of what was important to sacrifice
- everything for money. These powers that did not want to be accountable
- to people and the powers that wanted to avoid dialogue with elected
- governments that have the interest of the people in mind.
- It is simply a call for collective responsibility that I am issuing here. A
- call for responsibility and a call for common sense. We believe in the
- same values. I am therefore convinced that a way forward is possible. A
- way forward that will enable the world you created and the world we
- have inherited to work alongside each other in the interest of a world
- that has become global, which is largely thanks to you. So let us begin
- together this crucial dialogue. Let us open and build this new forum.
- I would like to thank you, because when I had the idea for this forum,
- at first everyone told me that it was a bad idea—except Maurice Levy,
- when I asked him to be in charge of organizing it. First my fellow Heads
- of State and Government, who told me yet again, “you take too many
- risks”. I personally think that the worst risk is not taking any; the worst
- risk is that of not speaking to each other. And I think that we never take
- risks when we call on the intelligence of people, from your world, who
- have said to themselves “what can we do with Heads of State and
- Government?”
- I think that we have a lot to accomplish together and I’ll be very happy,
- on Thursday, if a delegation made up of some of the participants here
- today could engage in dialogue with my fellow Heads of State and
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- Government. We need this dialogue, we need to understand your
- expectations, your aspirations, your needs. And you need to hear our
- limitations, our red lines, the problems we shoulder in the name of the
- general interest of our societies. I am so pleased to welcome you here in
- Paris today and would be even more pleased if this forum could be held
- every year prior to the G8 Summit so that we have a clear idea of where
- you are in your progress and so that you know what we are thinking.
- Thank you.
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- presentation
- Internet Matters
- A groundbreaking report by the McKinsey
- Global Institute shows the Internet is one of
- the biggest drivers of global economic growth.
- synopsis Presented at the e-G8 Forum, a recent study by the McKinsey
- Global Institute took a detailed and comprehensive look at the Internet’s
- impact on growth, jobs, and wealth creation in 13 countries that together
- account for more than 70% of global GDP.
- The study found that the Internet accounts for an average 3.4% of GDP in
- Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Sweden, Brazil, Canada, the US,
- China, India, Japan and South Korea. If it were a sector, its weight in GDP
- would be bigger than energy, agriculture, or several other critical industries.
- There is also a great deal of room for further development. While the Net
- accounts for around 6% of GDP in Sweden and Britain, in 9 out of these
- 13 countries its contribution is still less than 4%.
- It is also a powerful catalyst for job creation. While the Internet has
- eliminated 500,000 jobs in France over the past 15 years, it has created
- 1.2 million others — 2.4 jobs created for every job destroyed. Moreover
- it creates substantial value for users, ranging from €13 ($18) a month
- per user in Germany to € 20 ($28) in the United States. Total consumer
- surplus generated by the Internet in 2009 ranged from €7 billion (nearly
- $10 billion) in France to € 46 billion ($64 billion) in the United States.
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- Over the last 15 years the Internet has created an average increase of $500
- in real per capita GDP in developed countries. It took the Industrial
- Revolution of the 19th century 50 years to achieve the same results. All
- industries have benefited. Across sectors, small and medium-sized
- companies with strong Web presence grew more than twice as quickly as
- those that had minimal presence on the Net. They also reported a share of
- total revenues from export that was twice as large, and created more than
- twice the number of jobs.
- Armed with a better understanding of how—and how much—the Internet
- contributes to national economies, policy makers and business executives
- can act more effectively. In particular, the report suggests they should
- consider the following immediate steps:
- ➤ Use public spending to support innovation. Countries with the highest
- public investment in the Internet also have the largest non-public
- Internet contribution to GDP
- .
- ➤ All business leaders, not just e-CEOs, should put the Internet at the top
- of their strategic agenda, looking to reinvent their business models to
- boost growth, performance, and productivity.
- ➤ A dialogue between government and business leaders can help the
- Internet ecosystem flourish. Standards for digital identities and intellectual
- property protection must be addressed; other relevant topics include net
- neutrality, the availability of talent, and the overall business environment.
- Download the full report at www.mckinsey.com/mgi
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- The Internet spirit of cooperation and consultation: left to right, Ben Verwaayen, CEO of
- Alcatel-Lucent, with French Finance Minister
- Christine Lagarde; James Manyika, Director
- at McKinsey and Co. San Francisco; the audience was lively and knowledgeable; Jimmy
- Wales, the founder of Wikipedia; Pascal Nègre,
- President and CEO of Universal Music France;
- Nigel Shadbolt, Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the University of Southampton; Sheryl
- Sandberg, COO of Facebook.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- Plenary Session I
- The Internet
- & Economic Growth
- Information technology and the digital
- ecosystem have been powerful accelerators
- of economic growth and employment.
- How to ensure that this can continue?
- Session Panelists
- Christine Lagarde, Minister for Economy, Finance and Industry, France
- John Donahoe, President and CEO, eBay
- Jean-Bernard Lévy, Chief Executive Officer, Vivendi
- Hiroshi Mikitani, Chairman & CEO, Rakuten
- Sunil Bharti Mittal, Chairman & Managing Director, Bharti Airtel Ltd.
- Eric Schmidt, Executive Chairman, Google Inc.
- Moderated by
- Ben Verwaayen, CEO, Alcatel-Lucent
- Click
- for full-stream video
- of this session
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- synopsis The Internet is a critical locomotive for growth, Minister
- Christine Lagarde reported: in France, the digital sector currently generates
- 3.7% of GDP and this is likely to rise to 5.5% in the short term. By
- encouraging entrepreneurship, the Internet creates value, jobs, and
- unique opportunities for today’s global citizens to establish new ventures
- at minimum cost, regardless of geographic location or other physical
- difficulties. Ebay has 17,000 employees globally, but 1.3 million people
- make their primary or secondary income from sales via the Ebay platform.
- Moreover, this increasing growth is also exponentially accelerating in
- impact. A small startup company creates the idea for platform which,
- if successful, can be almost immediately globalized; as Eric Schmidt
- pointed out, this platform (PayPal, Rakuten) then becomes an ecosystem
- used as a launch-pad by multiple entrepreneurs, creating great wealth.
- Mobile phones in developing nations provide the same platform-like
- ability to rapidly accelerate economic growth, noted Sunil Bharti Mittal.
- E-health and m-health (via mobile phone) also impact the economy,
- because they lower the cost of delivering health services and improve
- the health of consumers, thus also boosting productivity and income.
- Whether in G8 or developing countries, digital job creation occurs largely
- among small businesses and individuals, although of course the Net
- does also permit large corporations to improve productivity and create
- new positions. Several panelists urged governments to analyze factors
- that might curb entrepreneurship and digital businesses in their
- countries. Most of the panel agreed that above all, governments should
- ensure broadband access to all citizens, with optimal physical
- infrastructure for connectivity.
- The panel also discussed the need to regulate certain sectors, for example
- e-currencies and mobile banking: Hiroshi Mikitani pointed out that by
- offering credit, these essentially create money. Government rules would
- increase security in this field and thus also consumer confidence.
- However, Eric Schmidt argued that before turning to a regulatory
- approach to any issue in this brand-new, innovative and resilient field,
- leaders should examine possible technological solutions from the private
- sector. These may be quicker and better adapted to problems occurring
- in the Internet ecosystem today. Examples: NFC chips for secure digital
- banking (more secure than credit cards); content-ID programs to sniff
- out pirated material; LTE technology, for four-times greater spectral
- efficiency in the wireless band.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- Plenary Session Ii
- The Internet & Society
- The Internet transforms everything
- it touches--how we communicate, market,
- work, learn and play. Some of the most
- profound changes involve how we organize
- into communities, re-envision government
- and share information. And that’s only
- the beginning.
- Session Panelists
- Tom Glocer, CEO, Thomson Reuters
- Andrew Mason, Founder & CEO, Groupon
- Stéphane Richard, Chairman & CEO, France Telecom - Orange
- Sheryl Sandberg, COO, Facebook
- Klaus Schwab, Founder & Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum
- Jimmy Wales, Founder, Wikipedia
- Moderated by
- Maurice Lévy, Chairman and CEO, Publicis Groupe
- Click
- for full-stream video
- of this session
- ➤ 28
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- synopsis The Internet’s tools for knowledge open the possibility of lifelong education for millions. They mean that people are now much more
- likely to seek out information, Jimmy Wales noted; Wikipedia is available
- in more than 200 languages and for some (ex. Swahili) this is their firstever encyclopedia. This already huge impact on the world’s cultures will
- exponentially increase as improvements in networks bring billions more
- people online in the developing world.
- But the Internet has moved beyond information retrieval to social
- discovery. Social networks such as Facebook aggregate individuals into
- self-defined, overlapping communities with collective voices loud
- enough to effect change. This ‘outsourcing’ of personality also requires
- sophisticated management of personal privacy by every individual. Prof.
- Schwab felt that the development of social networks may mean that
- young people may vote less in elections, as other forms of expression
- become more pertinent. Sheryl Sandberg pointed to the 2008 Obama
- social-network campaign that encouraged striking numbers of young
- people to vote. All agreed that the rise of social networks will empower
- youth in particular, and spur governments to greater dialogue with
- citizens. This will be particularly transformative in the developing world,
- as Jimmy Wales pointed out.
- All successful new technologies reduce costs and friction, improving
- quality of life, Tom Glocer said. But any new tool can also be harmful.
- Faced with pedophiles or terrorists there is a need for oversight or
- governance. This will have to be based on cooperation, because business
- alone cannot solve the problems, but neither can civil society or
- government.
- Stéphane Richard noted that another vital area of cooperation is the
- dual question of Net neutrality and Internet access. Everyone, even in
- remote areas, should have access to broadband. But this requires costly
- investment in physical infrastructure; moreover, the spectrum is limited.
- Without careful co-management, the Net’s infrastructure could one day
- face congestion or collapse, he warned.
- There is still room to expand e-commerce. At present, only 5% of
- commerce occurs on-line, while 80% of disposable income is spent
- within a 2-mile radius of a consumer’s home. A niche exists in “local
- e-commerce”: small businesses using websites like Andrew Mason’s
- Groupon for performance-guaranteed, personalized marketing.
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- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- Plenary Session iiI
- Future Net:
- What’s Next?
- Limitless bandwidth. Massive data.
- Total mobility. Technology continues to
- accelerate. Will the infrastructure keep pace?
- Session Panelists
- Peter Chou, CEO, HTC
- Michel de Rosen, CEO, Eutelsat
- Paul Hermelin, Chairman and CEO, Capgemini
- Danny Hillis, Co-Chairman and CTO, Applied Minds
- Paul Jacobs, Chair and CEO, Qualcomm
- Craig Mundie, Chief Research and Strategy Officer, Microsoft
- Moderated by
- David Rowan, Editor, Wired UK
- Click
- for full-stream video
- of this session
- ➤ 12 30
- ➤
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- synopsis Technology in the next 5-10 years will eliminate the need to
- master the traditional computer interface. This will change how we relate
- to computers and the services we expect from them. Remote wireless
- monitoring will transform the health-care industry, increasing productivity
- and optimizing outcome, said Paul Jacobs. He detailed a list of futuristic
- devices, including implantable fertility monitors and implantable
- defibrillators, which tests have shown can reduce mortality by 50%.
- Machines will increasingly talk directly to other machines. Cars will warn
- each other when they are too close, and in gaming, avatars will interact
- in human-like ways. A new generation of smartphones will offer consumers
- broad choices in mobile TV and video, and travelers may encounter a
- world of “curated” chips describing the history of landmarks. There will
- also be more 3D TV and connected TV. As this flood of data increases it
- will be exploited, in a world of personalized marketing and individual
- choice. Students may demand personalized education. Governments
- may seek to establish predictive patterns for terrorism or tax fraud.
- These opportunities entail serious risks. An infrastructure of talking
- machines will increasingly bypass the ability of government to manage
- or even understand it, warned Danny Hills. Breakdowns will be much
- more likely, and their consequences catastrophic. Reliance on digital
- technology will increase the threat of data theft and hacking. New
- enhanced services will also outrun current bandwidth capacity. Revenue
- may need to be split differently so that the operators who lay down
- infrastructure have incentives to keep pace with massive new needs in
- the networks.
- Other somber messages: battery capacity will strain to keep pace with the
- needs of new devices. Michel de Rosen warned that the world could
- splinter into digital haves and have-nots. He proposed that the G8 could
- declare Internet access to be a universal service obligation; in effect, this
- is already the case in Switzerland and Finland, and is an official commitment
- by the EU. Craig Mundie also called on governments to improve
- technological education.The panel broadly agreed that it is governments’
- role to create the conditions in which people can be creative and prosper.
- That means they must urgently focus on one area: anticipating and
- planning for potentially disastrous breakdown of the infrastructure and
- networks that underlie digital services.
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- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- Plenary Session Iv
- Intellectual property
- in the digital age
- What’s at stake for culture and business?
- What should be the new rules to encourage
- and stimulate content creation on the Internet?
- Session Panelists
- John Perry Barlow, Vice Chairman, Electronic Frontier Foundation
- Antoine Gallimard, President Groupe Gallimard and President,
- Syndiact National de l’Edition
- Jim Gianopulos, Chairman, Fox Filmed Entertainment
- Frédéric Mitterrand, Minister of Culture and Communication, France
- Pascal Nègre, Chairman and CEO, Universal Music France
- Hartmut Ostrowski, Chairman and CEO, Bertelsmann
- Moderated by
- Bruno Patino, Digital Head, France Televisions
- Click
- for full-stream video
- of this session
- ➤ 32
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- synopsis The Internet has overwhelming impact on what Pascal Nègre
- called the “creatio, industries”: film, books and music. It is a huge
- opportunity — one-third of the music industry’s revenue comes from the
- digital sector— but also the locus of massive copyright infringement and
- piracy. Service providers say 25% of traffic stems from illegal downloading.
- With one exception, the panelists felt that a healthy and creative digital
- economy cannot exist without assertive protection of intellectual property.
- If the work of artists is not protected and paid for, creation (and content)
- will dry up. Record labels invest $5 billion per year on new talent, Pascal
- Nègre said, and get their money back only 1 time out of 7 or 8. It is not only
- a question of return on investment but also the ongoing vitality of creativity.
- Copyright is a source of freedom, said Minister Frédéric Mitterrand (himself
- a movie director and author): the freedom to continue to create.
- The panel noted Eric Schmidt’s earlier suggestion that content-ID
- programs could trawl the Internet to identify, and remove, illegal content.
- Jim Gianopoulos regretted that this technology “just isn’t there yet, not
- even close”. He felt the best solutions stem from voluntary agreements
- between the tech and creation industries to protect intellectual property,
- but where those are not possible, governments should enforce rules. In
- this regard most panelists approved the recent French legislation, Hadopi.
- In contrast, John Perry Barlow attacked the very notion that expression
- can be equated to property. For the first time in history, he said, the
- Internet makes it possible to give every human the right to satisfy his/her
- curiosity to the fullest and to find an audience. To deny those rights is to
- preserve outmoded institutions. Instead of tightening the regulation of
- creative content, global leaders should talk about incentivizing creativity.
- This view that freedom means that everything should be free of charge
- was hotly disputed. Jim Gianopoulos insisted that no new, alternative
- business models exist that could generate the kind of cash required to
- return investment on a major film. The creation industries generate
- cultural diversity, jobs and tax revenue, and they are a major driver of
- the demand for high bandwidth. Although opinions may differ as to the
- details or complexity of the arrangements required, some mechanism
- for remunerating content will probably be necessary.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011 2011
- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25,
- Plenary Session v
- Fostering Innovation –
- How to build the future
- Session Panelists
- Eric Besson, Minister of Industry, Energy and the Digital Economy, France
- Lawrence Lessig/Professor, Harvard Law School
- Xavier Niel, Founder & Chairman, Iliad
- Yuri Milner, CEO & Managing Partner, Digital Sky Technologies
- Sean Parker, Managing Partner, Founders Fund
- Niklas Zennstrom, CEO and Founding Partner, Atomico
- Moderated by
- John Gapper, Chief Business Commentator, Financial Times
- Click
- for full-stream video
- of this session
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- synopsis As a business and creative environment, the Internet is
- characterized by a dynamic in which innovative outsiders — kids,
- immigrants, dropouts — challenge incumbents with their new and
- better ideas. Prof. Lawrence Lessig observed that because of powerful
- lobbies government regulations usually protect the interests of
- incumbents, thus ultimately harming consumers. He therefore urged
- governments to stay out of the way, aiming for minimal interference.
- Copyright was a hotly argued subject. Lessig and others agreed that
- creators should be compensated, but that the current architecture of
- regulation no longer makes sense. The recent report published by
- Professor Hargreaves for the UK government characterized the current
- system as obstructive of innovation and economic growth. The French
- Hadopi “three strikes” legislation, which punishes piracy by cutting
- Internet access, was seen as poorly thought-out. A better system is
- urgently required, the panel felt: it should be one that makes sense in a
- digital world where everything can be copied. It should also be less
- fragmented; currently “you almost have to pick which laws you’re going
- to comply with,” said Niklas Zennstrom, because Internet-based (thus
- global) companies cannot comply with all.
- Startups in Europe face obstructions due to the limited size of each
- national market and fragmented legislation on data protection and tax.
- In Europe failure also carries a stigma and there is a cultural reluctance
- to take risk, Niklas Zennstrom said. Yuri Milner pointed out that the two
- largest internet companies in Europe are both Russian (Yandex and
- Mail.ru); he attributed this to Russia’s “very open and lightly regulated
- environment.”
- Minister Eric Besson agreed that governments need to encourage
- spending on research and innovation via tax incentives, as well as
- ensuring good networks (fiber optics or 4G cellphone networks) and
- laying down strong technological education for engineers. Governments
- also need to foster startups through competitive centers.
- Former Napster founder Sean Parker noted that the music industry —
- which has recently shrunk from a global $45 billion industry to $12
- billion — may soon see a rush of revenue. Just as has been happening
- in the book publishing industry, he predicted that record labels’ back
- catalogues will rise massively in value.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- Plenary Session vi
- Digital Transformation:
- How traditional businesses
- are being re-invented
- Session Panelists
- Franco Bernabè, Chairman and CEO, Telecom Italia
- Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Professor, Harvard Business School
- Eric Labaye, Chairman, McKinsey Global Institute
- Stephen A. Schwarzman, Chairman and CEO, The Blackstone Group
- Mark Thompson,Director-General, BBC
- Moderated by
- Jeff Cole, Executive Director, USC Annenberg Center for the Digital Future
- Click
- for full-stream video
- of this session
- ➤ 36
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- synopsis “There’s not a company on earth that hasn’t been affected by
- digital technology,” observed Jeff Cole. “Most have been transformed”.
- This transformation affects what Harvard’s professor Rosabeth Kanter
- called the five Ps of corporate life: products, processes, partners, people
- and purpose. The metamorphosis creates efficiencies and opportunities,
- and is often exhilarating as well as profitable. Remote work may revive
- rural areas, and self-organizing development teams and e-learning
- provide a new modes for workers to continuously upgrade skills,
- changing the way companies operate.70% of employees say Internet
- technology has made them more productive.
- But the change is also disruptive, both to corporations and their various
- stakeholders. Franco Bernabè warned that traditional telecom industries
- are shedding jobs rapidly. Of course there is also new job creation; but
- what the figures don’t show, he said, is the shift from a protected workforce
- to less secure jobs. This entails social dislocation. Additionally, Stephen
- Schwarzman pointed out that by reducing friction in the financial
- markets, digital tools have greatly increased the markets’ volatility. He
- warned that this may not always be in society’s interest.
- Companies can remain true to their identities as they re-invent the way
- they do business, observed Mark Thompson: the BBC may deliver news
- digitally, but remains aware of its core business as an authoritative
- source of information. Incumbents can rely on their traditional strengths
- and should not focus, as they currently often do, on a defensive strategy.
- A limber approach to organization is necessary to avoid a split between
- a “shiny new digital” unit and a “grim declining old” one.
- Social networking adds to the transformative pressure on big corporations
- by demanding more openness and faster reactions from corporate
- leadership. It also provides an opportunity for real-time market research,
- Eric Labaye pointed out, giving companies the tools to match customer
- needs more effectively and quicker. This works to increase the
- effectiveness of advertising budgets. There are also other, less quantifiable
- benefits when networking allows businesses to establish new kinds of
- relationships with customers. Pepsi, for instance, asked Internet viewers
- to determine where it should direct its charitable contributions instead
- of advertising on the Super Bowl, thereby redefining its image and
- allowing customers to feel more closely involved.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- Free and wide-ranging debate: Xavier Niel,
- founder and Chairman of Iliad, with Sean Parker,
- Managing Partner at Founders Fund; Frédéric
- Mitterrand, France’s Minister of Culture; in the
- public were many key stakeholders of the Net;
- French President Nicolas Sarkozy speaking with
- Google CEO Eric Schmidt; a coffee and networking break in Paris’ landmark Tuileries Gardens;
- Stéphane Richard, Executive Officer of France
- Telecom Orange; Luca Ascani, co-founder and
- Chairman of Populis.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- special talk
- Ruppert Murdoch, Chairman and CEO of News Corporation:
- Digital’s Next Frontier:
- Education
- Limitless bandwidth. Massive data.
- Total mobility. Technology continues to
- accelerate. Will infrastructure keep pace?
- Advances brought about by technology and the Internet are evident
- everywhere but in education. Schools remain the last holdout from the
- digital revolution; today’s classroom looks almost exactly as it did in the
- Victorian age. This represents a colossal failure of imagination and an
- abdication of responsibility to our children. Throwing money at this
- problem is no solution. In my country, we’ve doubled spending on
- primary and secondary education over the last three decades, while test
- scores remained flat. Some claim the problem is students coming from
- poverty, broken homes, or immigrant families. This is arrogant, elitist
- and unacceptable.
- The era of one-size-fits-all education, which frustrates the bright kids
- and leaves the struggling ones behind, is over. Education-specific
- algorithms can be used to help determine what a student needs to learn.
- With digital technology we can bring the best educators to children
- anywhere in world at low cost. Stephen Hawking explaining principles
- in physics or Yo Yo Ma teaching harmony could be brought to any
- classroom for what we now pay to download a song.
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- An outstanding example of technologically improved education is found
- in New York City, at an African American charter school in Harlem. The
- school is located in a neighborhood with all the pathologies normally
- used to explain away failure. Yet the school tests students, insists parents
- check homework, and uses technology including the Kindle ebook
- reader and laptops. Its student test scores are now equal to schools filled
- with gifted and privileged students.
- Technology will not replace the teacher but will take the drudgery out
- of their responsibilities. The Ikea school in Sweden is supported by a
- knowledge portal that contains the entire syllabus and other teaching
- tools. Freed from administrative work, the teacher can give students far
- more personalized attention.
- Software, rather than hardware, is key to innovation in classrooms. Well
- designed, it teaches concepts while helping students learn for themselves.
- The more interactive and intimate, the better the student will perform.
- In two small California schools a textbook publisher is using iPads and
- education apps to offer guided instruction, instant feedback, and access
- to hundreds of videos which students use at their own pace.
- If we can bring these kinds of advantages to the entire world, we will
- ensure that a poor child in Manila will have the same opportunities as
- a rich child in Manhattan.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- Conversation
- Andrew Mason, Founder & CEO of Groupon, talks with
- Gilles Babinet, Entrepreneur and Chairman of France’s Conseil
- National du Numérique
- Groupon: A Case Study
- Launched in November 2008, Groupon now stakes the claim of being
- the fastest growing company in the world, employing 7,500 people to
- offer localized “deal-of-the-day” coupons to customers. Its group
- discounts are negotiated by Groupon itself with local businesses in 500
- different cities across 46 countries, mainly in the food and entertainment
- industry. Andrew Mason said the company has found the Groupon
- model surprisingly effective in every region of the world.
- Specifically focusing on customer happiness was key for Groupon’s
- success with a local-centric
- e-commerce model that had never succeeded before; a business value
- that is not as complicated as some companies may think. “It’s as simple
- as talking to your customers and understanding what they want and
- making sure you do those things,” Mason said. Critical was the company’s
- ability to put themselves in the shoes of customers to understand their
- priorities. Relating to a highly demanding customer mindset, the company
- was able to work to serve it.
- Groupon found it was a mistake to try “to be all things for all people.” It
- realized that doing a great job serving a selection of customers was far
- more valuable than doing an okay job serving everyone. Another key
- discovery was that self-service was not always the answer in building
- e-commerce models. Groupon’s expanding sales force was an essential
- ingredient to growing its network of local merchants.
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- The company focuses on “relevance” today -- refining personalization
- technology to find products that will be of maximum interest to every
- individual consumer. It has also added a real-time element with its
- Groupon Now service, based on the premise that customers often make
- food and entertainment decisions at the very last minute. Providing an
- effective real-time experience required moving from a “push” model to
- the more difficult “pull experience.” Instead of browsing offers Groupon
- found for them, the customer tells the service specifically what they
- want and when. Groupon Now uses relationships with thousands of
- merchants to offer real-time deals in a window of a few hours.
- Mason said Groupon has had the effect of “catalyzing” lifelong passions
- among customers. A discount of 70% off at local rock-climbing classes
- can lead to discovery of interest in the sport among people who would
- otherwise never had considered becoming a rock-climbing enthusiast.
- “It exposes people to things they wouldn’t otherwise do.”
- Thus Groupon’s phases of development reflect the evolution of Internetbased businesses towards increased personalization and real-time deals.
- It started with a push sales strategy, offering deal-a-day for customers
- to browse; it is now developing a more personalized demand-based
- “pull service” called Groupon Now. Groupon’s overall business model
- is based on using the Internet for collective action, allowing individuals
- to come together to achieve a common goal. The model has also
- repeatedly been used for more altruistic purposes with success.
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- 03/06/11 15:15
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 25, 2011
- Wednesday May 2011
- Conversation
- Neelie Kroes, European Commissioner for the Digital Agenda, talks with
- Ben Verwaayen, CEO of Alcatel-Lucent
- Broadband For All
- The European Union’s Digital Agenda sets ambitious goals for the 27
- EU member states. To spur growth, jobs, research/innovation, and better
- policies on education and other issues, the EU has promised that by
- 2013 every single European citizen will have high-speed connection to
- the Internet. By 2015, every European should have a 30 MB connection,
- with 100 MB connections for at least 50% of Europeans by 2020.
- Yesterday’s debates at the e-G8 Forum expressed passionate conviction
- that governments should stay out of the way. That’s tempting. However,
- some issues do require rules of the game. Those rules can be set by the
- parties themselves: the EU needs to listen to business leaders, bankers,
- broadcasters, the telecoms and content people, and they need to take
- responsibility. Only if the digital sector does not take up its responsibilities
- should political leaders step in to replace them.
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- Political leaders need to take into account how incredibly rapid change
- is in this area; we’re in a hurry, and we must learn to be far more alert.
- We also need to realize that the rules should be global. There’s no sense
- in the EU setting its own regulations. We need to look at this with the
- OECD, with the G8 and later the G20. But meanwhile, we have a single
- European market and it should be a digital single market. National
- legislation on these questions is completely pointless. It’s absurd that
- you can’t buy a movie on-line in some countries but you can in others,
- and it drives consumers to piracy. We need rules; we need proper
- remuneration for artists; but the borders for these rules should be
- redrawn.
- To the G8 Heads of State, we need to say: Take this issue seriously. It’s
- on your agenda now and it needs to stay there. Make decisions, implement
- them and keep coming back to review them. E-health, e-government,
- e-learning. This needs to be a daily activity of every member state.
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- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- e-G8 FORUM Tuesday May 24, 2011
- Conversation
- Mark Zuckerberg, Founder and CEO of Facebook, talks with
- Maurice Lévy, Chairman and CEO of Publicis Groupe
- A Universal Human Need
- The phenomenal success of Facebook owes much to a basic human
- desire that turns out to be even more universal and more powerful than
- Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg appreciated when he founded the social
- networking site as a student at Harvard in 2004. “I just wanted to let
- people stay in touch with people around them,” Zuckerberg said. “It
- turns out that’s a universal need.”
- Equally important is Facebook’s role as a forum in which people interact
- under their real identities. There is room on the Net for anonymous
- social networking media and there are even advantages to interacting
- anonymously—a willingness to speak controversial truths, for instance.
- Facebook, however, has staked its future on people’s growing willingness
- to share more of themselves without the cloak of anonymity. For one
- thing, it promotes sincerity. “With transparency comes accountability,”
- said Zuckerberg. “Your real name is attached.”
- Do people share too much information? Only they can decide where
- the boundary line falls, Zuckerberg said, but that boundary appears to
- be shifting ever outward. In Facebook’s early days people were reluctant
- to share much of anything. But more people are discovering the value
- in sharing different aspects of their lives. The past few years have seen
- a huge leap in the number of people sharing their location, for example,
- so they can see which of their friends might be nearby.
- Future growth will be propelled in large part by companies that build
- social networking into applications hosted on Facebook’s platform. The
- best examples are social gaming applications like Zynga and Playfish,
- which are now at the forefront of the gaming business. Facebook will
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- never launch its own applications like these, says Zuckerberg. “Any one
- company can only do one or two things well. We know technology and
- psychology, but we know nothing about games.” In future, he adds, media
- and music companies will increasingly “bake in” a social design, and
- Zuckerberg is hoping Facebook will serve as one of their primary platforms.
- Zuckerberg downplayed Facebook’s role as an agent of change in the
- democratic movements of the Middle East, North Africa and elsewhere.
- It is the power of the internet that lets people share their thoughts, both
- trivial and passionate, with one another. Facebook was just part of a
- bigger trend, he said. However, he does feel proud, he added, to see
- heads of state communicate directly with the citizenry through their
- Facebook pages, because “That’s what democracy is about”.
- So is Facebook just a trend, a flash in the pan, asked a Facebook user ?
- The mediums of social networking will change. Facebook itself has
- changed considerably since its early days, and is still changing. Some
- 300 million Facebook users access the site through mobile phones, and
- that segment is growing much faster than the web. But the basic need
- to share one’s self with family and friends will remain.
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- Support for innovation: Tony Wang, Twitter’s
- General Manager Europe; questions were focused and often hotly debated; former Greatful
- Dead lyricist and founder of the Electronic
- Frontier Foundation John Perry Barlow, during
- a workshop session on Electronic Liberty; debates during plenaries often spilled over into
- breaks; workshops zeroed in on issues ranging
- from smartphones to intellectual property and
- open data; Susan Pointer, Director of Public
- Policy for Google’s EMEA.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop i session i
- Building blocks:
- The art of the startup
- Session Panelists
- Samir Arora, Chairman & CEO, Glam Media, Inc.
- Luca Ascani, Co-Founder & Chairman, Populis
- Bruce Golden, Partner, Accel Partners
- Rick Marini, Founder & CEO, Branch Out
- Shaukat Shamin, Founder & CEO Buysight
- Moderated by
- Esther Dyson, Chairman, EDventure
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- synopsis To best help startup companies, many feel that governments
- should aim to stay largely out of the way. However, they can help
- encourage growth by ensuring high-quality Internet infrastructure and
- business regulations that foster growth. Universal high-speed Internet
- access and friendly hiring and taxation laws are policies that make
- starting an international business easier to navigate and afford.
- Government can also encourage growth by preventing “brain drain”
- — the loss of a country’s most talented and educated workers overseas.
- To help start-ups expand and operate across borders, governments should
- standardize their practices as much as possible, making their business
- requirements and services accessible and intelligible to a broad
- international audience. The G8 could even promote a governmentcoordinated information portal, where businesses can go to grasp the
- wide variety of international issues confronting them, such as tax treaties,
- visa requirements, resident permits, employment rules, and local practices.
- Across the world, Internet entrepreneurs encounter law-makers
- with very little detailed knowledge of the issues they’re facing. To produce
- policies that will positively assist startups struggling to expand into new
- markets, governments should work to educate legislators and
- administrators on the issues that should shape business legislation.
- After starting up a business, another hard challenge is creating sustainable,
- larger businesses that will last. This can be especially difficult in the diverse
- marketplaces of Europe, where there is more friction facing a startup due
- to the different treatment of regulations, hiring laws and even employee
- stock options among countries. Young Internet companies based in
- Europe often keep a presence in Silicon Valley, and this environment—
- which is more conducive to growth—greatly increases their chances of
- turning innovative ideas into a successful business.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop i Session Ii
- King Content:
- Entertainment in
- the digital age
- Session Panelists
- David Drummond, Senior Vice President, Google
- David Kenny, President, Akamai
- Mikael Hed, CEO, Rovio Mobile
- Carolyn Reidy, President & CEO, Simon & Schuster
- Martin Rogard, General Manager France, Dailymotion
- Patrick Zelnik, CEO, Naïve
- Moderated by
- Spencer Reiss, Program Director, Monaco Media Forum
- synopsis The Internet’s infrastructure makes it easier for people to access
- media on their terms, deciding if they want to own, rent, or access content
- for free. Most industry experts believe global leaders should discuss how
- best to finance creation on the Internet so it benefits the artist as well as
- society and culture as a whole.
- The demand for TV, movies, and games remains unchanged: people
- consume as much or more media content than ever. The factor that
- continues to change as a result of the Internet and emerging technologies
- is how people consume this media. Mobile technology, for instance, is
- rapidly changing the way consumers behave and interact with content.
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- A growing segment of end-users now expect content to be made available
- to them instantly, in any location, for free. Book publishers point out that
- prior to the Internet, physical space was an issue when it came to the
- release of new publications: old titles had to be eliminated in order to
- make room for new releases. Thanks to the Internet this problem has been
- eliminated. There is also an exciting new market for reissuing previously
- out-of-print books.
- As online consumer behaviors differ significantly, the question for Internet
- players becomes how to transition from one business model (i.e. providing
- free content) to another (i.e. providing for-pay content) with the hope of
- maximizing the consumer experience while maintaining high-quality
- content. Experts agree that being able to quickly adapt to new business
- models is essential for today’s online players to keep up with rapidly
- advancing technologies.
- The pressing and politically-charged issue of Internet regulation reemerged
- in the context of online content. While industry experts remain divided on
- the subject, most agree the issue should be taken up at the international
- level by today’s global leaders and policymakers. Some experts also point
- out that regulation is not the evildoer its opponents make it out to be; they
- believe rules are necessary in any community — be it physical or virtual — and
- guard freedom. Others assert that aggregated data shows a large percentage
- of people who are “stealing” media content online do not know they’re
- doing it. Instead, those of this opinion believe that today’s online consumers
- lack the necessary literacy on how to use media responsibly and legally on
- the Internet. Industry should address this problem.
- The enforcement of regulation who enforces what, and how?
- —
- —
- is also a growing concern for Internet players on both sides of the regulation
- argument. The general consensus is that the matter should be addressed
- at the international level. Further, the harmonization of rules and
- regulations between countries should also be on the international agenda
- in discussions concerning online media content. Different countries have
- different rules, and this poses problems for those consuming and
- distributing media in the borderless, virtual world.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop i session iii
- Electronic Liberty:
- New Tools for Freedom
- Session Panelists
- Hassan Fattah, Editor-in-Chief, The National
- Jean-François Julliard, Secretary-General, Reporters Without Borders
- Jamal Khashoggi, General Manager, Alwaleed 24News channel
- Susan Pointer, Director, Public Policy & Government Relations EMEA, Google
- Alec Ross, Special Advisor to U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton
- Nadine Wahab, Egyptian activist
- Tony Wang, General Manager Europe, Twitter
- Moderated by
- Olivier Fleurot, CEO, MSLGROUP
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- synopsis Policies of major Internet companies can unintentionally have
- devastating impact on the personal security of active concerned citizens
- living in authoritarian regimes. Facebook’s insistence that each profile
- should correspond to a readily identifiable person might make sense in
- a democracy, but in other regions it can create enormous problems.
- Thousands of Internet users are in prison around the world for the
- “crime” of expressing their opinions.
- The company policies of Google and Twitter made it possible for Internet
- users in the Middle East, for example, to communicate freely but without
- the danger of being identified. However, for a mainstream traditional
- media outlet which places a high premium on the reliability of its sources
- of information, the anonymity of informal sources poses a huge problem.
- There was also heated debate about whether to permit encryption for
- online messaging services, with no consensus.
- It is easy for an undemocratic regime to restrict access to the Net, but
- no government can ever shut down freedom of expression. We recently
- saw courageous Libyans smuggling telecoms and internet equipment
- into Benghazi after the Qaddafi regime had knocked out their transmission
- towers.
- In open societies, the Internet is rapidly progressing as a sophisticated tool
- for political strategy and communication. The innovative techniques used
- by the Obama 2008 campaign are now mainstream tools used by everyone.
- The panel expressed strong feeling that there should be a well structured,
- global Commitment to Internet Freedom, backed up by the certainty of
- a collective response to any major infringements based on Article 19 of
- the United Nations Treaty of 1948. This is extremely urgent, and should
- be enforced as a greater priority than either any agreement about
- Internet content regulation or copyright enforcement.
- Despite all the concerns for individual freedoms, and their possible
- limitations, users in wealthy, Western democracies should not just take
- the Internet for granted: there are many places in the world where even
- simple access to the Web is greeted with infectious excitement and
- optimism.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop ii session i
- Be Here Now: Mobility
- Changes Everything
- Session Panelists
- Tod Cohen, Deputy General Counsel and VP Government Relations
- International, eBay
- Bart Decrem, SVP & GM, Disney Mobile
- George-Edouard Dias, Head of L’Oreal Digital Business Group
- Eric Hazan, Partner, McKinsey & Co
- David Jones, Global CEO, Euro RSCG Worldwide
- Alexandre Mars, CEO of Phone Valley
- Olivier Roussat, Director-General, Bouygues Telecom
- Richard Wong, Accel Partners
- Moderated by
- David Barroux, Les Echos
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- synopsis Smart phones are increasingly the tail that wags the Internet
- dog. They are already being used for search and browsing functions that
- had been the exclusive preserve of PCs : mobile searches are up 64%
- and social networking use is up 57% since 2009. Overall mobile media
- consumption is twice what it was three years ago, and accelerating at
- an increasing rate. Samsung predicts that smart phones will be twice as
- powerful in 2013, making them essentially a portable computers.
- As they grow more powerful, smart phones will be the agent of change
- in the market. Blurring all lines between communication, social
- networking and commerce, they will become even more versatile. There’s
- already newly-minted jargon to point the way forward: Mocial — the
- interaction of mobile telephony and social networking ; Metail — a mix
- of mobile phone and retail; and, most musically, Solomo — social
- networking, mobile phoning and localization. The mobile phone has
- already become the basic computer medium in much of the developing
- world; in Kenya, 13 million people use mobile banking.
- These highly personalized tools will require vigorous safeguards for data
- privacy and security. However, most agreed that this does not necessitate
- greater government regulation. User reaction will police the market
- adequately. As Accel Partners’ Richard Wong put it, “Any company that breaks
- the consumer’s trust (by releasing personal data improperly) will be hit by
- a backlash so bad that it will keep everyone from overstpping the line.”
- Still, governments may need to take action in one specific area. Unlike
- the Internet, smart phones are dominated by a small number of operating
- systems, notably Apple and Android. They function as the market’s
- gatekeepers, potentially curbing competition as they determine what
- content can and can’t have access to their systems. As one panelist said,
- “We are afraid of closed systems”. Many agreed that competitive markets
- characterized by multiple choices and the ability for new entrants to
- move in are the best business environment overall, and this may imply
- stronger antitrust oversight.
- Additionally, unlike fixed bandwidth (which is functionally limitless),
- smart phone capacity may become restricted by the limits of the radio
- spectrum. Although some have an unwavering political commitment
- to Net Neutrality, others feel that some kind of «soft» regulation, drawn
- up in cooperation with industry, may be necessary to apportion limited
- spectrum capacity.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop ii session ii
- Disinter-Media:
- Is Internet killing
- — or relaunching —
- the press?
- Session Panelists
- Carlo De Benedetti, Chairman, Gruppo Editoriale L’Espresso
- Norman Pearlstine, Chief Content Officer, Bloomberg LLC
- Robert Shrimsley, Managing Editor, FT.com
- Arthur Sulzberger, Jr., Chairman & CEO, The New York Times
- Robert Thomson, Editor-in-Chief, Dow Jones
- Moderated by
- Frédéric Filloux, CEO, E-Presse
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- synopsis Internet will not kill newspapers, but it is re-defining the
- newspaper industry. Traditional business models that have worked for
- decades or even centuries need to be scrapped in favor of more flexibility,
- adaptability and consistency. There is no single solution: national,
- international and regional papers face differing challenges. Bloomberg
- LLC, a business and financial news provider, has a business model
- whereby all subscribers pay the same price, no discounts. FT.com’s
- system delivers a portion of initial content free; it then becomes a paying
- service. The New York Times had a money-making model in place that
- charged for selected articles, but decided it could make more money by
- removing the pay structure and returning to advertising. There are many
- possible models for success.
- Whatever newspapers decide to do, the one thing they will have in
- common: expect to make mistakes. As one participant warned: if you
- don’t fail occasionally, you’re not trying hard enough. Also, expect
- change. No successful strategy will have a long shelf life. As technology
- continues to morph and evolve at breakneck speed, what works today
- may be outdated tomorrow. The industry learned that painful lesson
- when they were caught out with 5-year projections that completely failed
- to take into account the rapid development of social media.
- Devised correctly, Internet tools can greatly complement newspapers,
- even if the physical papers have fewer readers. It’s all about content.
- Content, not the means of distribution, is what defines every organ from
- The New York Times to the Wall Street Journal to the Financial Times.
- As content creators, the Net and the newspaper have more in common
- than in conflict. Most newspapers will find that their website offers an
- opportunity to engage more deeply with readers. The website -- which
- provides content readers want and content they can use to help make
- decisions -- redefines the role of the journalist, and although this is a
- challenge it can be a very positive one. The key will be how to balance
- digital revenues and sustainability long-term.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop ii session iii
- Open Government,
- Open Data: For the
- People, by the Internet
- Session Panelists
- Laurent Blanchard,Vice-President, European Markets
- and General Manager, Cisco France
- Carlos A. Primo Braga, Special Representative and Director,
- EXT, Europe, The World Bank
- Jean-Philippe Courtois, President, Microsoft International
- Séverin Naudet, Director, ETALAB, data.gouv.fr
- Andrew Rasiej, Founder, Personal Democracy Forum
- Professor Nigel Shadbolt, University of Southampton
- Moderated by
- Stanislas Magniant, Co-Founder, Netpolitique.net
- synopsis Governments in countries with widely differing levels of
- economic development and democratic freedom grapple with issues
- regarding Open Data systems. The process can (and optimally does)
- include national and local governments and international administrative
- and non-profit organizations, as well as commercial organizations and
- private individuals. Open Data systems are evolving at uneven speeds,
- even within countries. In the US, the quality and the amount of available
- government data on the White House website (www.whitehouse.gov) has
- increased impressively since 2000, but the open-data site www.data.gov
- only launched two years ago. But not all open data systems are concerned
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- with government. A highly impressive crowd source website in the
- Philippines, www.checkmyschool.org, lets concerned parents check on
- their children’s education. In Kenya, www.ushahidi.com was developed
- to monitor violence and foul play during the 2008 elections; it is now being
- used to lay out all kinds of interactive maps, in Africa and elsewhere. In
- Madrid a crowd source application tracks the condition of the Spanish
- capital’s trees.
- While there is strong political support in France for the principle of open
- data government and the launch of data.gouv.fr, perhaps the most
- advanced G8 member country in terms of civic open data systems is the
- UK. Data.gov.uk boasts almost 7000 national data sets, from detailed,
- street-by-street crime maps to the location of bus stops. (Individuals often
- contribute, to the benefit of all: scrutiny by Net users revealed that at least
- 6% of the British bus stops were initially located in the wrong place, and
- crowd-sourcing eliminated the errors). In response to widespread public
- indignation regarding politicians’ personal and public spending, every
- expense over £500 must now registered on the site and all 355 administrative
- areas in Britain now publish their full budgets on line.
- The World Bank, like other international organizations, now publishes
- most of its data free online. It also actively encourages developing
- countries to make use of it, democratizing development economics.
- Only when countries specifically request that their economic data
- remain classified is it not made available to the public.
- The private sector has an important role to play in spurring the
- development of Open Data and spreading its benefits to society at large.
- Private corporations developing Government IT systems can help make
- public sector data more easily accessible and reusable. The ecosystem
- of developers, corporations and Web entrepreneurs can reuse public
- data, to invent new services for citizen, and to create new economic
- activity, which can participate in strengthening growth and job creation.
- Some panel members concluded with the recommendation that all nonpersonal government data should be made available online, in machinereadable format.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop iii session i
- The Disrupters:
- Extreme Innovation
- Session Panelists
- Lars Bjork, CEO, QlikTech
- Jacques-Antoine Granjon, CEO and Founder, vente-privee.com
- Brent Hoberman, Co-Founder, mydeco, made.com, PROfounders Capital
- Pierre Kosciusko-Morizet, Co-Founder and CEO, PriceMinister,
- part of the Rakuten Group
- Xavier Niel, Founder and Chairman, Iliad
- Marc Simoncini, Founder and CEO, Meetic
- Yossi Vardi, Chairman, International Technologies
- Martin Varsavsky, Founder & CEO, FON Wireless, Ltd.
- Moderated by
- Loic Le Meur, Founder, Seesmic and Le Web
- synopsis New technology has dramatically disrupted traditional
- telecommunications, news, music, and other industries. This disruption
- has been fueled by startups that appear to come from nowhere yet cause
- sudden and major changes in how people communicate, get information,
- and consume entertainment and services. Today, the way people make
- new friends and even manage love relationships are being disrupted by
- media like Facebook and Blackberry Messenger. Tomorrow’s disruptions
- are, necessarily, unpredictable.
- Increasingly tech-savvy generations will become an important catalyst
- to the emergence of disruptive technologies. Children everywhere have
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- a new relationship to technology. Disrupters therefore don’t only look
- for new products and services for today’s population, but for more
- technologically fluent generations to come. This creates a spiral of
- increasingly younger disruptive entrepreneurs.
- Executives at emerging technology companies identify various market
- conditions that fuel the growth of their disruptive products and services.
- They encourage countries to create environments that foster productive
- disruptions in tomorrow’s economies. Above all, they implore regulators
- to «keep their hands off the Internet.” Past disruptions have succeeded
- because the early commercial Internet grew for many years before
- regulators even understood the phenomenon. A policy of ”do no harm”
- frees disruptive companies to forge their own path without additional
- business burdens.
- According to several participants, software patents present an especially
- difficult obstacle to the spread of disruptive technologies. The need to
- obtain patents for emerging technologies preoccupies companies with
- resource-wasting patent battles. Many disruptive entrepreneurs would
- like to see software patents eliminated.
- Governments are strongly encouraged to promote universal access to
- the Internet. Additionally, entrepreneurs are eager for more
- harmonization of business laws among countries, to flatten barriers
- and create a workable European framework. These conditions make it
- easier for inexperienced, minimally resourced startups to grow. Also,
- when making laws that will affect emerging disruptive business models,
- legislators should consider the long term, with laws that will still be
- relevant in years to come. Constantly changing regulations are an
- obstacle for the success of disruptive technologies.
- Today’s disrupters face competition from emerging markets. Countries
- like China have produced competitors in American and European
- markets, while China’s domestic Internet access is closed or controlled
- for political and commercial reasons. This is a barrier for foreign
- companies trying to compete. However, in previously closed Middle
- Eastern countries, Internet markets are beginning to open. The Arab
- Spring revolutions represent a unique opportunity for the disruptive
- business model to succeed in newly open markets.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop iii session ii
- Sharing Value:
- How to divide
- the digital bounty
- among creators,
- distributors – and
- governments?
- Session Panelists
- Frank Esser, CEO and Chairman, SFR
- Gabrielle Gauthey, Executive Vice President,
- Global Government & Public Affairs, Alcatel
- Reed Hundt, Chairman, Aspen Institute IDEA conference
- Alain Minc, President, AM Conseil
- Ezra Suleiman, IBM Professor in International Studies, Princeton
- University
- Moderated by
- Gilles Babinet, Entrepreneur, Chairman of the French Conseil
- National du Numerique
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- synopsis Access to the Internet’s data is easy, and in this market segment
- it could be said that 90% of the effort of making money is just showing
- up. You are not creating a product or even necessarily selling a product:
- simply collecting data can, in and of itself, create value—jobs or revenue.
- Moreover, it isn’t necessary to capture an entire market, just a section
- of it, and aggregate from there. There remains little control or supervision
- by either countries or companies, partly because the Internet became
- a common medium for reasons of historic accident and was driven by
- non-profit impulses.
- In the Internet, all value creation depends on the collective commitment
- to maintain a common medium. If this were not the case, no value—
- either economic or social—would be created for anybody. Today
- preferred sectors for investment are dynamic search engines, social
- networks, and device networks. This may change.
- Today, in the world’s 100 largest cities there are 400 smartphones per
- square km. By 2016 that number is predicted to climb to at least 13,000.
- By then the price of smartphones will have substantially decreased and
- in Africa even the poor will have access to them. That’s a signal to many
- industry insiders that something in the current value chain needs to
- change.
- One recent change has been the reemergence of government, specifically
- in providing Internet service to areas not currently covered. In the US,
- for example, billions of government dollars are being spent to provide
- Internet to non-access areas. This is vital, because the market alone will
- not organize itself in a way that will reach out to the less dense areas.
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- e-G8 FORUM Wednesday May 25, 2011
- workshop iii session iii
- The Data Dilemma
- Social media and the explosion of data
- are driving the Internet’s growth, and raising
- important questions about privacy
- and data security
- Session Panelists
- Mitchell Baker, Chair, Mozilla
- Steve Baker, Author The Numerati and Final Jeopardy
- Jeff Jarvis, Buzzmachine
- Andrew Keen, Author, Digital Vertigo
- Alain Lévy, CEO, Weborama
- Christian Morales, VP & General Manager EMEA,
- Dave Morgan, Founder & CEO, Simulmedia
- Christopher Wolf, Partner, Hogan Lovells
- Moderated by
- Curt Hecht, Vivaki Nerve Center
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- synopsis The Internet is entering a stage experts term “Web 3.0,” in
- which search engines use keywords to aggregate data while additional
- online tools collect user information. Protecting user privacy and
- guarding sensitive data has become a growing concern. The Net risks
- losing users unless these privacy concerns are addressed.
- Consumers should be able to control their personal data and who has
- access to it. That’s what privacy is. Today, sophisticated Net users are
- aware that advertising companies, social networking sites, and
- governments (among others) actively mine information about them
- while they’re online. These users know how to navigate the virtual world
- safely and protect their personal information. But “ordinary”, “average”
- Internet users are unaware that various entities are culling, storing, and
- frequently selling information about them while they use the Internet.
- Industry leaders agree that the average Internet user must be educated
- and empowered to help maintain privacy online. Consumers should be
- able to decide how much, or little, information they reveal about
- themselves while using the Internet; it should not be a blind process.
- Further, technologists should be encouraged to develop online systems
- and tools so that Internet users who are interested in protecting their
- personal data can do so. One key recommendation is to give people the
- ability to opt in or out of tracking and data gathering processes.
- Global leaders should also work to distinguish between online data mining
- that’s acceptable versus that which is an actual security threat. If Internet
- users begin to feel they are being “stalked” by online parties, their trust
- in the virtual world will be compromised and Internet usage will drop.
- The government’s role should be to regulate and enforce rules about
- how to protect privacy and maintain data security. However, policymakers should be mindful of the possible unintended consequences
- that privacy laws might have on freedom of speech. Technologists
- likewise warn that regulators should be cautious not to over-regulate or
- demonize exciting emerging technologies.
- Giving people control of their data could be a long-term solution to
- protecting user privacy. Many Internet don’t want to reveal information
- about their private lives when they go online. As the Web 3.0 world moves
- in, global leaders and industry experts need more dialogue about
- possible technological solutions to this problem.
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- The co-Chairs during the closing plenary that laid out the
- Forum’s message to the G8 Heads of State: left to right, Paul
- Hermelin, CEO of Cap-gemini; Stéphane Richard, Executive Officer of France Telecom-Orange; BenVerwaayen,
- CEO of Alcatel-Lucent; Jean-Philippe Courtois, President
- of Microsoft International; Jean-Bernard Lévy, the Executive Director of Vivendi; Maurice Lévy, Chairman and CEO
- of Publicis Groupe; Joe Schoendorf, Partner at Accel Partners; Eric Schmidt, Executive Chairman of Google; Xavier
- Niel, founder and Chairman of Iliad; Hiroshi Mikitani,
- Chairman and CEO of Rakuten; and Sun Yafang, Chairwoman of Huawei.
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- e-G8 FORUM May 24-25, 2011
- Concluding Press Release
- After two days of intense discussion in Paris, a delegation from the e-G8 Forum traveled
- to Deauville (France) for a dialogue with leaders of the G8 nations.
- For the first time in the history of international summit meetings, the Internet and related
- issues were placed on the agenda of a meeting of Heads of State and government by
- France, the presiding country of the G8-G20. Present in Deauville were Angela Merkel
- (Germany); Stephen Harper (Canada); Barack Obama (United States); Nicolas Sarkozy
- (France); Silvio Berlusconi (Italy); Naoto Kan (Japan); David Cameron (United Kingdom);
- and Dmitry Medvedev (Russia).
- President Sarkozy had placed the Internet on the agenda of the G8 summit meeting, and
- had requested that stake-holders of the Internet take up the responsibility of organizing a
- Forum, in order that all the relevant stake-holders could debate the salient topics before
- the meeting with the G8 Heads of State and government.
- On Thursday May 26, this ambitious process culminated in a one-hour meeting in Deauville
- between the G8 leaders and a delegation from the e-G8 Forum. The delegation was led
- by Maurice Lévy, the Chairman and CEO of Publicis Groupe and Chairman of the e-G8,
- and comprised Hiroshi Mikitani, CEO of Rakuten; Yuri Milner, CEO of Digital Sky
- Technologies; Stéphane Richard, CEO of France Telecom-Orange; Eric Schmidt, Executive
- Chairman of Google; and Mark Zuckerberg, founder and CEO of Facebook.
- The two-day e-G8 gathering was an opportunity for debate and collective reflection on a
- wide number of key themes involving the Internet. They included support for innovation;
- future development of the Internet; freedom of networks; protection of personal data from
- cybercrime; protection of minors; and, more broadly, the practical impact of virtual and
- digital applications on fields as varied as economic growth, job creation, democracy,
- government administration, education, news and health.
- The Forum’s six plenary sessions and nine workshops featured free and wide-ranging debate.
- Even when opinions were strongly held, the discussions that ensued were sincere and
- respectful. The e-G8 Forum adopted the Internet spirit of cooperation and consultation;
- thus all pre-conditions were united so that reason, as well as imagination, could be placed
- at the service of the digital future.
- “I want to thank all those who worked to make this e-G8 Forum a success, including of course
- the major world leaders who shifted their schedules in order to attend, the sponsors who
- graciously accepted to finance it, and all those who showed, by their presence and their
- contribution to the debates, their interest in the future of the Internet,” said Maurice Lévy,
- Chairman of the e-G8. “Those who feared that this first e-G8 had been organized exclusively
- in order to regulate or restrict the Net have been disproven. Our debates have been open, rich
- and constructive. Given this success, I think I can say that there will be a second e-G8.”
- Maurice Lévy requested that the process of preparing the message to be delivered to
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- Deauville by the Forum’s delegation should be completely open and transparent. The
- closing plenary gathering thus reviewed the work of all the sessions that took place during
- the Forum and defined a number of fundamental themes. The members of the delegation
- used this as their basis when they drafted their message for Deauville.
- From the outset of their discussion with the G8 leaders, members of the delegation
- emphasized that the Internet is a powerful vector of individual fulfillment, free expression
- and personal development. Moreover, as a collective tool, the Internet is a positive force
- for change, capable of renewing the way in which groups and organizations cooperate and
- act; this was spectacularly confirmed by the movements of the Arab Spring.
- The Internet is also a strong economic locomotive, creating wealth and jobs. It has led to a profound
- reconfiguration of the way in which modern economies function. This digital transformation of
- every economic sector has been accompanied by a net creation of jobs: for every job that is
- eliminated, 2.6 new ones are created. Thus the delegation emphasized that in every sector of
- society, energies that are ready to invest in digital technology need to be freed up to do so.
- In order to maximize these benefits, the delegation invited the G8 leaders to ensure proactive
- policies regarding investment, or regarding the support and encouragement of investment,
- in order to guarantee all citizens access to an Internet that is free, rapid and safe.
- The delegation spoke openly about the existence of unresolved debates among Forum
- members regarding regulation. These were notably a feature of discussions on intellectual
- property, software patents, protection of personal privacy, and cybercrime. The key notions
- of the discussion that the first e-G8 Forum sought to engage and to structure were: protect,
- without constraining; regulate, without adulterating the fundamental liberty on which the
- Internet has been built.
- The delegation also stressed that exponential growth in the flow of information, and the
- increasing interconnection of networks, call for action by public authorities in order to
- ensure the stability, security and development of the physical infrastructure without which
- the Internet could not exist.
- The G8 leaders made very positive comments regarding the e-G8 gathering itself and the
- main results achieved to date. In their statements about the delegation’s messages, the
- Heads of State and government recognized the Internet’s exceptional achievements in
- terms of economic growth and social change, and its potential for positive impact on
- democratic processes, government administration, and education.
- The first e-G8 Forum was organized at extremely short notice, with a lead time of barely
- eight weeks. Grasping the importance and the challenge of the meeting, 1500 stake-holders
- of the digital ecosystem made the journey to Paris, where they began to work together and
- to sketch out possible improvements to a future Forum, in order to put the e-G8 fully at
- the service of the Internet and the digital economy.
- The possibility of a second, future e-G8 Forum was discussed; this echoed calls that were
- made in Paris during the Forum itself.
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- Textes ???????
- ????????????????
- Photographies
- © Raphael Soret / © Subjectice.com
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- we-we.fr
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- Edited by Ruth Marshall
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