Not a member of Pastebin yet?
Sign Up,
it unlocks many cool features!
- Investigate.
- Absalom's Pillar (Ronnie Reich, Eli Shukron at 'Ain Joweizeh spring cave): proto-aeloic capital (monumental royal architecture, pillar of Absalom (2 Sam 18:18)
- Absalom's Tomb inscription (Emile Puech, Joe Zias, East bank of Kidron valley): oldest (?) NT passage carved in stone, on Absalom's tomb, Luke 2:25
- Ahisamach Inscription (Sania 115) (Doug Petrovich, Egypt): Joseph and his two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, and "6 Levantines: Hebrews of Bethel, the beloved."
- Akeptous inscription
- Amarna tablets (Egyptian peasant at Tel el-Amarna): diplomatic correspondence between Egypt and Canaan/Amurru during the New Kingdom, Hebrews established in Mesopotamia by early 2nd millennium BC
- Annalistic Tablet, Belshazzar, Daniel 5
- anthropic argument
- Arch of Titus (southern entrance to the Roman Forum): column of the tenth legion, destruction of the temple in AD 70
- Assyrian Limmu lists
- Avaris; Israel in Egypt
- axiological argument
- Babylon was found
- Babylonian Chronicles (Donald Wiseman, Babylon): Nebuchadnezzar's reports of first decade as king, extrabiblical record of 597 BC capture of Jerusalem and other historic details
- Balaam Texts (HJ Franken at Deir alla (Succoth), Jordan): famous seer in Num 22:5
- Basilica of St John (John T Wood, Ephesus): Tomb of John the Baptist
- Beersheba horned altar
- Behistun inscription (Robert Sherley, Sir Henry Rawlinson, Mt Behistun, Iran): historicity of Darius the Great, multilingual account of Persian victory of Babylon and rise of King Darius
- Belshazzar inscription (Nabonidus chronicle) (Henry Rawlinson at Ur): Belshazzar listed as coregent with King Nabonidus, Daniel 5:29)
- Bema seat (Broncer, Corinth, Greece): Paul's tribunal before Gallio
- Beni-Hasan Tomb painting (Percy Newberry, Beni-Hasan, Egypt): Semites from Canaan entering Egypt as in patriarchal period (Gen 12:10; 37:28)
- Berlin Pedestal, name of Israel
- Bethlehem Bulla (Hillel richman, Eli Shukron at City of David, Jerusalem): first (8th-7th century BC) mention of Bethlehem outside the Bible
- Black Obelisk (AH Layard at Nineveh): Shalmaneser III, King Jehu of Judah paying tribute
- Bodmer Papyrus
- Bronze Sestertius Judaea Capta coin (minted in Caesarea and distributed throughout Roman empire): fall of Jerusalem, AD 70
- Caiaphas Ossuary (Avi Greenhut, south of Jerusalem): high priest at Jesus' trial
- Canaanite Cultic site (Itzhaq Shai at Tel Burna) city of Libnah conqured by Johsua 10:29, given to Aaron et al Joshua 21:13
- Canaanite Wall (Ronny Reich, Eli Shukron at City of David, Jerusalem): wall from the later patriarchal period, pre-Israelite monumental construction in Jerusalem
- Capernaum Synagogue (Charles Wilson, Capernaum, Israel): among the oldest in the world, site of Jesus' preaching Mark 1:21; Luke 4:31; John 6:59
- Chester Beatty Papyrus
- Claudius 25/Acts 18:2
- Code of Hammurabi (Gustave Jequier at Susa (Iran)): 282 laws dealing with morality, commerce, religion; evidence for 15th century chronology of the Mosaic law and early writing in Canaan
- cosmological argument
- Council Carthage
- Cult Shrines from Khirbet Qeiyafa (Yosef Garfinkel at Khirbet Qeiyafa): meaning of triglyphs in architecture of Solomon's Temple
- Cyrus cylinder (Hormuzd Rassam, Babylon): restoration policy of Jerusalem (Ezra 5:13-17)
- Davidian palace (Yosef Garfinkel at Khirbet Qeiyafa, 2013): Davidic palace from 10th century BC
- Dead Sea Scrolls (Bedouin shepherds, Khirbet Qumran): 918 scrolls of historical, religious, linguistic significance. Messianic concept, sectarian documents of Yahad sect
- Didache
- Dr Gary Habermas minimal facts of the resurrection
- Ebla tablets (Paolo Matthiae, Tel-Mardikh, Syria): historical background of Syra in 3rd millennium
- Ekron inscription
- Enuma Elish (AH Layard at Nineveh (Iraq)): parallels to Genesis creation accounts
- Eshball inscription (Yosef Garfinkel, Saar Ganor at Khirbet Qeiyafa): same name as King Saul's son 1 Chronicles 8:33
- First temple water cistern (Eli Shukron at Jerusalem): public activity, First Temple period, King Hezekiah
- Gabbatha (Jerusalem): according to William F Albright, the court location of Jesus' trial in John 19:13 and Matthew 27:27 as "the Pavement"
- Gallio inscription (Delphi, Greece): Luke's record in Acts 18:11-14
- Gath city gate (Aren Maeir at Tel es-Safi): Goliath's hometown (1 Samuel 17:4)
- Gedaliah Ben Pashchur bulla: official in Jeremiah 38:1
- gezer calendar
- Gezer palace (Steve Ortiz at Gezer): reign of King Solomon
- Gilgamesh Epic (Hormuzd Rassam, Nineveh): extrabiblical parallel to Genesis account of the flood
- Goliath inscription (Aren Maeir, Tel es-Safi (Gath), Israel): support for the historicity of the Philistine Goliath of Gath (1 Sam 17:4)
- Gospels: consistent qualities as eyewitness accounts, 500 people simultaneously saw Jesus risen after the crucifixion, sudden belief/martyrdom/apostles
- Great Karnak Inscription of Merneptah (Jean-Francois Champollion, Karl Richard Lepsius, Karnak Temple of Amun, Egypt): earliest known artistic representation of Israelites on a relief
- Hattusa (Hittite capital) (Hugo Winckler, Theodore Makridi Bey, Kurt Bittel, Peter Neve, Bogazkale (Turkey): historicity of Hittite kingdom in Anatolia that may be related to biblical Hittites (Gen 15:20)
- Herod the Great ostraca (Ehud Netzer, Masada): evidence of Herod the Great
- Hezekiah's Tunnel Inscription, 2 Kings 20
- House of David Inscription (Avraham Biran at Tel Dan): extrabiblical record of David
- House of YHWH Ostracon (Ruth Amiran, Yhoanan Aharoni, Tel Arad (Israel): receipt of donation to the First Temple, extrabiblical reference to Temple
- Jacob's well (ancient Samaria): Jewish, Samaritan, Muslim, and Christian traditions all associate the well with Jacob. John 4:6-30
- James ossuary (purchased by Oded Golan, Jerusalem): "James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus", if authentic, earliest archaeological evidence directly relating to James and Jesus
- Jerusalem papyrus at Judean desert cave (Eitan Klein and members of the robbery prevention unit, 2016): earliest mention of Jerusalem in a non-biblical text
- John Rylands Papyrus (Bernard Grenfell, Egyptian Antiquity market): P52 is the oldest known fragment John
- Joseph's price when sold as a slave wouldn't have been accurately 'guessed' later
- Julius Africanus
- Ketef Hinnom Amulets: Numbers 6:24-26
- Khirbet el-Maqatir Egyptian scarab (Bryant Wood, Gary Byers, Scott Stripling at Khirbet el-Maqatir): biblical Ai
- Khirbet Summeily bullae (Jimmy Hardin, Jeff Blakely at Khirbet Summeily near Gaza): judgement seat in Corinth, administrative activity, early Juda, David and Solomon
- Khorsabad
- King Hezekiah Royal seal (Eilat Mazar, Hagai Cohen-Klonymus): royal seal of King Hezekiah of Juda in a provenanced context.
- Kinneret boat (Moshe and Yuval Lufan of Kibbutz Ginosar, Sea of Galilee): style of fishing boat likely used by Jesus' disciples
- Kurkh Monolith / Stele of Shalmaneser iii (1861 by John G. Taylor in the present-day city of Üçtepe, Turkey): existence of an Israelite king, mentions the name of a biblical king of Syria, provides evidence of peaceable relations and military cooperation between Israel and Syria, and demonstrates the strength of the Northern Kingdom of Israel in the early ninth century b.c.e.; on display in the British Museum in 2018; 1 Kings 16-22; possibly Hadadezer of Syria 1 Kings 22:3, 31; 2 Kings 5; 6:8-23
- Lachish gate cultic shrine: Judean King Hezekiah's religious reforms 2 Kings 18:4, 22; 2 Chronicles 29:3
- Lachish Ostraca (James Leslie Starkey at Tell ed-Duweir): 21 military letters, conditions during the final Babylonian siege (Jer 34:6-7)
- Lachish ostracon (Benjami Sass, Yosef Garfinkel): early witness to the Canaanite alphabet
- Lachish Reliefs: 2 Chronicles 32:9
- Lapis Tiburtinus
- Laws of Hammurabi (Gustave Jequier Jacques de Morgan at Susa, Iran): illustration of ANE law
- Lysanias inscription (Abila (near Damascus): Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene
- Madaba map (Monk Ananias, Athanasios Andreakis, Madaba, Jordan): identification of biblical cities and geography
- Mamertine prison (Rome): possible prison of Peter and Paul
- Mara Bar Serapion
- Mari (Andrew Parrot, Tel al-Hariri (Syria): parallels to 1st-millennium practices that may reflect on earlier time of the Patriarchs
- Masoretic Text
- matching world-wide geological megasequences
- Megiddo seal
- Merenptah Stele (Flinders Petrie, Thebes): military accomplishments of Merenptah, mention of Israel, 1207 BC
- Moabite Stone / Mesha Stele (Frederick Augustus Klein at Dibon): Moabite-Isralite relations, mentions hosue of David
- Metanyahu seal (Eli Shukron at Jerusalem): Biblical name from First Temple Period (1 Chr 1:25) in Kingdom of Judah
- Monotheistic Tablet, Nebuchadnezzar, Daniel
- monument of the silversmiths inscription (Efes Müzesi (Museum), Selçuk, Izmir, Turkey): Acts 19:23-28
- Nazareth inscription (Wilhelm Frohner, Nazareth): forbids the robbing of tombs for bodies (not known at the time), early evidence of Jesus resurrection and empty tomb
- Nebo-Sarsekim tablet
- Nimrud
- Nineveh
- Nuzi tablets (Chiera and Speiser at Yorghun Tepe (Iraq): family records, witness to contemporary customs in mid-2nd millennium
- Ossuaries (construction workers discovered at Talpiyot, near Jerusalem, found in 1980): ossuaries from AD 40-50 with mark of the cross and various prayers directed to Jesus. Early recognition of Jesus death on the cross and that Jesus was God.
- Oxyrhynchus Papyri (Bernard Grenfell, Arthur S. Hunt, Oxyhynchus, Egypt): Census parallel to Luke and Acts, Koine Greek was common in the NT
- Palace of King David (Eilat Mazar, City of David): monumental royal buildings
- Petra
- Phlegon
- Pilate inscription (Antonio Frova, Caesarea Maritima): Pilate's name and title
- Pompeii graffiti (Antonio Sogliano, Pompeii, Italy): use of Gematria for 666
- Pool of Bethesda (Conrad Schick, Church of St Anne): John 5:2 extrabiblical confirmation
- Pool of Siloam (Eli Shukron, Gihon Spring): Place where Jesus healed the man born blind.
- Procurator Festus/Acts 24:27
- reliability of the manuscripts: agreement at council of Nicea about what is written even ~200 years later
- Sacred Marriage Cylinder Seal Impression (Yitzhak Paz, Ianir Milevski, Nimrod Getzov at Bet Ha-'Emeq): early bronze age Canaan
- Samaria Ostracon
- Scarab of Sheshonq I (Tohmas E Levy at Khirbat Hamra Ifdan): Shishak's raid into Juda 2 Chr 12:2-9
- Scroll of Leviticus at Ein Gedi (Dan Barag, Ehud Netzer, Sefi Porath): earliest evidence of the exact form of the medieval (Masoretic) text
- Seal of Baruch
- Seals from Temple Mount Administrative building (Shlomit Wexler-Bdoulah, Alexander Onn at Temple Mount): name mentioned in 1 Chr 17:25, Jer 41, Lachish letters)
- Second temple stone inscription (Benjamin Mazar, Jerusalem): stone from the southern foot of the temple mount bearing the inscription "To the Trumpeting Place"; blowing of the trumpet, end of Sabbath
- Semitic Hyksos
- Sennacherib cylinder (Taylor prism) (Colonel Robert Taylor at Nineveh): siege of Jerusalem 2 Kings 18:13-19:35
- Sheshonq relief (Bubastite Portal) (Jean-Fancois Champollion at Karnak Temple of Amun): 1 Kings 11:40; 14:25; 2 Chr 12:2-9
- Siloam inscription (Jacob (Eliyahu) Spafford, Jerusalem): extrabilical witness 2 Kings 20:20
- Simmons Ark tablet (Irving Finkel, Leonard Simmons at Mesopotamia): animals came on the Ark "two by two"
- Soleb temple at Sudan, Shasu of YHWH inscription
- Solomon's copper mines (Thomas Levy, Southern Jordan): copper mining tools, era of biblical kingdom of Judah, King David and Solomon
- Solomonic Wall (Eilat Mazar at Ophel) Gatehouse wall 230 ft x 19 ft, another section 115 ft x 15 ft: evidence of Solomon's construction projects, 1 Kings 7:1-12
- Stone seal (Gabriel Barkay and Temple Mount sifting project): evidence of early Judah.
- Suetonius
- surviving New Testament manuscripts=~24,000 / surviving copies of Plato=~250
- Tacitus
- Tel 'Eton Judahite Administrative Center (Avraham Faust, Modern Turkey): new data on biblical Eglon, Canaanite city conquered by Joshua 10:34-36, 15:39
- tel dan inscription
- Tel Rehov Shoshenq I
- teleological argument
- Tertullian
- Textiles from King David Era (Erez Ben-Yosef at Timna): weaves and colors showing presence of Edomites, copper mines under Judean hegemony)
- Textus Receptus
- Thallus
- Theater of Ephesus (John T Wood, Ephesus): Riots against Paul were here.
- Tomb of King Herod
- Tomb of Lazarus (east side, mount of olives): possible location of the tomb of Lazarus since the 3rd century AD, John 11:38-44
- Tower of Babylon stone at Smithsonian
- transcendental argument
- Tyrannus inscription (Ephesus (modern-day Turkey)): perhaps Acts 19:9
- Ugarit (Claude Schaeffer, Ras Shamra (Syria)): closest NW Semitic cognate to Biblical Hebrew
- Wall of the First Temple (muslim workers, temple mount, Jerusalem): evidence of the location of the House of Oil in the First Temple
- waterway of Joseph
- Weld-Blundell Prism (Sumerian King List) (Hermann Hilprecht, Jacobsen, Thorkild at Library at Nippur (Babylonia) Iraq): clay prism listing sumerian kings who reigned before and after the "Great Flood", genesis account, lifepsans before the flood)
- Yehuchal Ben Shelamayahu bulla: official in Jeremiah 38:1
- Yohanan Crucifixion (Vassilios Tzaferis, Jerusalem): crucifixion of Ben Ha'galgola, both legs broken, Christ's crucifixion Psalms 22; Matthew 27; Mark 15; Luke 23; John 19
Add Comment
Please, Sign In to add comment